+        return formats
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _xpath_ns(path, namespace=None):
+        if not namespace:
+            return path
+        out = []
+        for c in path.split('/'):
+            if not c or c == '.':
+                out.append(c)
+            else:
+                out.append('{%s}%s' % (namespace, c))
+        return '/'.join(out)
+
+    def _extract_smil_formats(self, smil_url, video_id, fatal=True, f4m_params=None, transform_source=None):
+        smil = self._download_smil(smil_url, video_id, fatal=fatal, transform_source=transform_source)
+
+        if smil is False:
+            assert not fatal
+            return []
+
+        namespace = self._parse_smil_namespace(smil)
+
+        return self._parse_smil_formats(
+            smil, smil_url, video_id, namespace=namespace, f4m_params=f4m_params)
+
+    def _extract_smil_info(self, smil_url, video_id, fatal=True, f4m_params=None):
+        smil = self._download_smil(smil_url, video_id, fatal=fatal)
+        if smil is False:
+            return {}
+        return self._parse_smil(smil, smil_url, video_id, f4m_params=f4m_params)
+
+    def _download_smil(self, smil_url, video_id, fatal=True, transform_source=None):
+        return self._download_xml(
+            smil_url, video_id, 'Downloading SMIL file',
+            'Unable to download SMIL file', fatal=fatal, transform_source=transform_source)
+
+    def _parse_smil(self, smil, smil_url, video_id, f4m_params=None):
+        namespace = self._parse_smil_namespace(smil)
+
+        formats = self._parse_smil_formats(
+            smil, smil_url, video_id, namespace=namespace, f4m_params=f4m_params)
+        subtitles = self._parse_smil_subtitles(smil, namespace=namespace)
+
+        video_id = os.path.splitext(url_basename(smil_url))[0]
+        title = None
+        description = None
+        upload_date = None
+        for meta in smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('./head/meta', namespace)):
+            name = meta.attrib.get('name')
+            content = meta.attrib.get('content')
+            if not name or not content:
+                continue
+            if not title and name == 'title':
+                title = content
+            elif not description and name in ('description', 'abstract'):
+                description = content
+            elif not upload_date and name == 'date':
+                upload_date = unified_strdate(content)
+
+        thumbnails = [{
+            'id': image.get('type'),
+            'url': image.get('src'),
+            'width': int_or_none(image.get('width')),
+            'height': int_or_none(image.get('height')),
+        } for image in smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//image', namespace)) if image.get('src')]
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'title': title or video_id,
+            'description': description,
+            'upload_date': upload_date,
+            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
+            'formats': formats,
+            'subtitles': subtitles,
+        }
+
+    def _parse_smil_namespace(self, smil):
+        return self._search_regex(
+            r'(?i)^{([^}]+)?}smil$', smil.tag, 'namespace', default=None)
+
+    def _parse_smil_formats(self, smil, smil_url, video_id, namespace=None, f4m_params=None, transform_rtmp_url=None):
+        base = smil_url
+        for meta in smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('./head/meta', namespace)):
+            b = meta.get('base') or meta.get('httpBase')
+            if b:
+                base = b
+                break
+
+        formats = []
+        rtmp_count = 0
+        http_count = 0
+        m3u8_count = 0
+
+        srcs = []
+        media = smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//video', namespace)) + smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//audio', namespace))
+        for medium in media:
+            src = medium.get('src')
+            if not src or src in srcs:
+                continue
+            srcs.append(src)
+
+            bitrate = float_or_none(medium.get('system-bitrate') or medium.get('systemBitrate'), 1000)
+            filesize = int_or_none(medium.get('size') or medium.get('fileSize'))
+            width = int_or_none(medium.get('width'))
+            height = int_or_none(medium.get('height'))
+            proto = medium.get('proto')
+            ext = medium.get('ext')
+            src_ext = determine_ext(src)
+            streamer = medium.get('streamer') or base
+
+            if proto == 'rtmp' or streamer.startswith('rtmp'):
+                rtmp_count += 1
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': streamer,
+                    'play_path': src,
+                    'ext': 'flv',
+                    'format_id': 'rtmp-%d' % (rtmp_count if bitrate is None else bitrate),
+                    'tbr': bitrate,
+                    'filesize': filesize,
+                    'width': width,
+                    'height': height,
+                })
+                if transform_rtmp_url:
+                    streamer, src = transform_rtmp_url(streamer, src)
+                    formats[-1].update({
+                        'url': streamer,
+                        'play_path': src,
+                    })
+                continue
+
+            src_url = src if src.startswith('http') else compat_urlparse.urljoin(base, src)
+            src_url = src_url.strip()
+
+            if proto == 'm3u8' or src_ext == 'm3u8':
+                m3u8_formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
+                    src_url, video_id, ext or 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
+                if len(m3u8_formats) == 1:
+                    m3u8_count += 1
+                    m3u8_formats[0].update({
+                        'format_id': 'hls-%d' % (m3u8_count if bitrate is None else bitrate),
+                        'tbr': bitrate,
+                        'width': width,
+                        'height': height,
+                    })
+                formats.extend(m3u8_formats)
+                continue
+
+            if src_ext == 'f4m':
+                f4m_url = src_url
+                if not f4m_params:
+                    f4m_params = {
+                        'hdcore': '3.2.0',
+                        'plugin': 'flowplayer-3.2.0.1',
+                    }
+                f4m_url += '&' if '?' in f4m_url else '?'
+                f4m_url += compat_urllib_parse_urlencode(f4m_params)
+                formats.extend(self._extract_f4m_formats(f4m_url, video_id, f4m_id='hds', fatal=False))
+                continue
+
+            if src_url.startswith('http') and self._is_valid_url(src, video_id):
+                http_count += 1
+                formats.append({
+                    'url': src_url,
+                    'ext': ext or src_ext or 'flv',
+                    'format_id': 'http-%d' % (bitrate or http_count),
+                    'tbr': bitrate,
+                    'filesize': filesize,
+                    'width': width,
+                    'height': height,
+                })
+                continue
+
+        return formats
+
+    def _parse_smil_subtitles(self, smil, namespace=None, subtitles_lang='en'):
+        urls = []
+        subtitles = {}
+        for num, textstream in enumerate(smil.findall(self._xpath_ns('.//textstream', namespace))):
+            src = textstream.get('src')
+            if not src or src in urls:
+                continue
+            urls.append(src)
+            ext = textstream.get('ext') or mimetype2ext(textstream.get('type')) or determine_ext(src)
+            lang = textstream.get('systemLanguage') or textstream.get('systemLanguageName') or textstream.get('lang') or subtitles_lang
+            subtitles.setdefault(lang, []).append({
+                'url': src,
+                'ext': ext,
+            })
+        return subtitles
+
+    def _extract_xspf_playlist(self, playlist_url, playlist_id, fatal=True):
+        xspf = self._download_xml(
+            playlist_url, playlist_id, 'Downloading xpsf playlist',
+            'Unable to download xspf manifest', fatal=fatal)
+        if xspf is False:
+            return []
+        return self._parse_xspf(xspf, playlist_id)
+
+    def _parse_xspf(self, playlist, playlist_id):
+        NS_MAP = {
+            'xspf': 'http://xspf.org/ns/0/',
+            's1': 'http://static.streamone.nl/player/ns/0',
+        }
+
+        entries = []
+        for track in playlist.findall(xpath_with_ns('./xspf:trackList/xspf:track', NS_MAP)):
+            title = xpath_text(
+                track, xpath_with_ns('./xspf:title', NS_MAP), 'title', default=playlist_id)
+            description = xpath_text(
+                track, xpath_with_ns('./xspf:annotation', NS_MAP), 'description')
+            thumbnail = xpath_text(
+                track, xpath_with_ns('./xspf:image', NS_MAP), 'thumbnail')
+            duration = float_or_none(
+                xpath_text(track, xpath_with_ns('./xspf:duration', NS_MAP), 'duration'), 1000)
+
+            formats = [{
+                'url': location.text,
+                'format_id': location.get(xpath_with_ns('s1:label', NS_MAP)),
+                'width': int_or_none(location.get(xpath_with_ns('s1:width', NS_MAP))),
+                'height': int_or_none(location.get(xpath_with_ns('s1:height', NS_MAP))),
+            } for location in track.findall(xpath_with_ns('./xspf:location', NS_MAP))]
+            self._sort_formats(formats)
+
+            entries.append({
+                'id': playlist_id,
+                'title': title,
+                'description': description,
+                'thumbnail': thumbnail,
+                'duration': duration,
+                'formats': formats,
+            })
+        return entries
+
+    def _extract_mpd_formats(self, mpd_url, video_id, mpd_id=None, note=None, errnote=None, fatal=True, formats_dict={}):
+        res = self._download_webpage_handle(
+            mpd_url, video_id,
+            note=note or 'Downloading MPD manifest',
+            errnote=errnote or 'Failed to download MPD manifest',
+            fatal=fatal)
+        if res is False:
+            return []
+        mpd, urlh = res
+        mpd_base_url = re.match(r'https?://.+/', urlh.geturl()).group()
+
+        return self._parse_mpd_formats(
+            compat_etree_fromstring(mpd.encode('utf-8')), mpd_id, mpd_base_url, formats_dict=formats_dict)
+
+    def _parse_mpd_formats(self, mpd_doc, mpd_id=None, mpd_base_url='', formats_dict={}):
+        if mpd_doc.get('type') == 'dynamic':
+            return []
+
+        namespace = self._search_regex(r'(?i)^{([^}]+)?}MPD$', mpd_doc.tag, 'namespace', default=None)
+
+        def _add_ns(path):
+            return self._xpath_ns(path, namespace)
+
+        def is_drm_protected(element):
+            return element.find(_add_ns('ContentProtection')) is not None
+
+        def extract_multisegment_info(element, ms_parent_info):
+            ms_info = ms_parent_info.copy()
+            segment_list = element.find(_add_ns('SegmentList'))
+            if segment_list is not None:
+                segment_urls_e = segment_list.findall(_add_ns('SegmentURL'))
+                if segment_urls_e:
+                    ms_info['segment_urls'] = [segment.attrib['media'] for segment in segment_urls_e]
+                initialization = segment_list.find(_add_ns('Initialization'))
+                if initialization is not None:
+                    ms_info['initialization_url'] = initialization.attrib['sourceURL']
+            else:
+                segment_template = element.find(_add_ns('SegmentTemplate'))
+                if segment_template is not None:
+                    start_number = segment_template.get('startNumber')
+                    if start_number:
+                        ms_info['start_number'] = int(start_number)
+                    segment_timeline = segment_template.find(_add_ns('SegmentTimeline'))
+                    if segment_timeline is not None:
+                        s_e = segment_timeline.findall(_add_ns('S'))
+                        if s_e:
+                            ms_info['total_number'] = 0
+                            for s in s_e:
+                                ms_info['total_number'] += 1 + int(s.get('r', '0'))
+                    else:
+                        timescale = segment_template.get('timescale')
+                        if timescale:
+                            ms_info['timescale'] = int(timescale)
+                        segment_duration = segment_template.get('duration')
+                        if segment_duration:
+                            ms_info['segment_duration'] = int(segment_duration)
+                    media_template = segment_template.get('media')
+                    if media_template:
+                        ms_info['media_template'] = media_template
+                    initialization = segment_template.get('initialization')
+                    if initialization:
+                        ms_info['initialization_url'] = initialization
+                    else:
+                        initialization = segment_template.find(_add_ns('Initialization'))
+                        if initialization is not None:
+                            ms_info['initialization_url'] = initialization.attrib['sourceURL']
+            return ms_info
+
+        mpd_duration = parse_duration(mpd_doc.get('mediaPresentationDuration'))
+        formats = []
+        for period in mpd_doc.findall(_add_ns('Period')):
+            period_duration = parse_duration(period.get('duration')) or mpd_duration
+            period_ms_info = extract_multisegment_info(period, {
+                'start_number': 1,
+                'timescale': 1,
+            })
+            for adaptation_set in period.findall(_add_ns('AdaptationSet')):
+                if is_drm_protected(adaptation_set):
+                    continue
+                adaption_set_ms_info = extract_multisegment_info(adaptation_set, period_ms_info)
+                for representation in adaptation_set.findall(_add_ns('Representation')):
+                    if is_drm_protected(representation):
+                        continue
+                    representation_attrib = adaptation_set.attrib.copy()
+                    representation_attrib.update(representation.attrib)
+                    # According to page 41 of ISO/IEC 29001-1:2014, @mimeType is mandatory
+                    mime_type = representation_attrib['mimeType']
+                    content_type = mime_type.split('/')[0]
+                    if content_type == 'text':
+                        # TODO implement WebVTT downloading
+                        pass
+                    elif content_type == 'video' or content_type == 'audio':
+                        base_url = ''
+                        for element in (representation, adaptation_set, period, mpd_doc):
+                            base_url_e = element.find(_add_ns('BaseURL'))
+                            if base_url_e is not None:
+                                base_url = base_url_e.text + base_url
+                                if re.match(r'^https?://', base_url):
+                                    break
+                        if mpd_base_url and not re.match(r'^https?://', base_url):
+                            if not mpd_base_url.endswith('/') and not base_url.startswith('/'):
+                                mpd_base_url += '/'
+                            base_url = mpd_base_url + base_url
+                        representation_id = representation_attrib.get('id')
+                        lang = representation_attrib.get('lang')
+                        url_el = representation.find(_add_ns('BaseURL'))
+                        filesize = int_or_none(url_el.attrib.get('{http://youtube.com/yt/2012/10/10}contentLength') if url_el is not None else None)
+                        f = {
+                            'format_id': '%s-%s' % (mpd_id, representation_id) if mpd_id else representation_id,
+                            'url': base_url,
+                            'ext': mimetype2ext(mime_type),
+                            'width': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('width')),
+                            'height': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('height')),
+                            'tbr': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('bandwidth'), 1000),
+                            'asr': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('audioSamplingRate')),
+                            'fps': int_or_none(representation_attrib.get('frameRate')),
+                            'vcodec': 'none' if content_type == 'audio' else representation_attrib.get('codecs'),
+                            'acodec': 'none' if content_type == 'video' else representation_attrib.get('codecs'),
+                            'language': lang if lang not in ('mul', 'und', 'zxx', 'mis') else None,
+                            'format_note': 'DASH %s' % content_type,
+                            'filesize': filesize,
+                        }
+                        representation_ms_info = extract_multisegment_info(representation, adaption_set_ms_info)
+                        if 'segment_urls' not in representation_ms_info and 'media_template' in representation_ms_info:
+                            if 'total_number' not in representation_ms_info and 'segment_duration':
+                                segment_duration = float(representation_ms_info['segment_duration']) / float(representation_ms_info['timescale'])
+                                representation_ms_info['total_number'] = int(math.ceil(float(period_duration) / segment_duration))
+                            media_template = representation_ms_info['media_template']
+                            media_template = media_template.replace('$RepresentationID$', representation_id)
+                            media_template = re.sub(r'\$(Number|Bandwidth)\$', r'%(\1)d', media_template)
+                            media_template = re.sub(r'\$(Number|Bandwidth)%([^$]+)\$', r'%(\1)\2', media_template)
+                            media_template.replace('$$', '$')
+                            representation_ms_info['segment_urls'] = [
+                                media_template % {
+                                    'Number': segment_number,
+                                    'Bandwidth': representation_attrib.get('bandwidth')}
+                                for segment_number in range(
+                                    representation_ms_info['start_number'],
+                                    representation_ms_info['total_number'] + representation_ms_info['start_number'])]
+                        if 'segment_urls' in representation_ms_info:
+                            f.update({
+                                'segment_urls': representation_ms_info['segment_urls'],
+                                'protocol': 'http_dash_segments',
+                            })
+                            if 'initialization_url' in representation_ms_info:
+                                initialization_url = representation_ms_info['initialization_url'].replace('$RepresentationID$', representation_id)
+                                f.update({
+                                    'initialization_url': initialization_url,
+                                })
+                                if not f.get('url'):
+                                    f['url'] = initialization_url
+                        try:
+                            existing_format = next(
+                                fo for fo in formats
+                                if fo['format_id'] == representation_id)
+                        except StopIteration:
+                            full_info = formats_dict.get(representation_id, {}).copy()
+                            full_info.update(f)
+                            formats.append(full_info)
+                        else:
+                            existing_format.update(f)
+                    else:
+                        self.report_warning('Unknown MIME type %s in DASH manifest' % mime_type)