X-Git-Url: https://git.rapsys.eu/youtubedl/blobdiff_plain/46113edab215c2211a604c06245c16d5d4e57dcf..63f393d165768953e417cf353db7d75b08da5ab0:/README.md diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 230c12a..db49ab6 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,19 +1,29 @@ youtube-dl - download videos from youtube.com or other video platforms -# SYNOPSIS -**youtube-dl** [OPTIONS] URL [URL...] +- [INSTALLATION](#installation) +- [DESCRIPTION](#description) +- [OPTIONS](#options) +- [CONFIGURATION](#configuration) +- [OUTPUT TEMPLATE](#output-template) +- [FORMAT SELECTION](#format-selection) +- [VIDEO SELECTION](#video-selection) +- [FAQ](#faq) +- [DEVELOPER INSTRUCTIONS](#developer-instructions) +- [EMBEDDING YOUTUBE-DL](#embedding-youtube-dl) +- [BUGS](#bugs) +- [COPYRIGHT](#copyright) # INSTALLATION To install it right away for all UNIX users (Linux, OS X, etc.), type: sudo curl https://yt-dl.org/latest/youtube-dl -o /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl - sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl + sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl If you do not have curl, you can alternatively use a recent wget: sudo wget https://yt-dl.org/downloads/latest/youtube-dl -O /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl - sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl + sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl Windows users can [download a .exe file](https://yt-dl.org/latest/youtube-dl.exe) and place it in their home directory or any other location on their [PATH](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_%28variable%29). @@ -25,38 +35,37 @@ You can also use pip: sudo pip install youtube-dl -Alternatively, refer to the developer instructions below for how to check out and work with the git repository. For further options, including PGP signatures, see https://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html . +Alternatively, refer to the [developer instructions](#developer-instructions) for how to check out and work with the git repository. For further options, including PGP signatures, see the [youtube-dl Download Page](https://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html). # DESCRIPTION **youtube-dl** is a small command-line program to download videos from YouTube.com and a few more sites. It requires the Python interpreter, version -2.6, 2.7, or 3.3+, and it is not platform specific. It should work on +2.6, 2.7, or 3.2+, and it is not platform specific. It should work on your Unix box, on Windows or on Mac OS X. It is released to the public domain, which means you can modify it, redistribute it or use it however you like. + youtube-dl [OPTIONS] URL [URL...] + # OPTIONS - -h, --help print this help text and exit - --version print program version and exit - -U, --update update this program to latest version. Make + -h, --help Print this help text and exit + --version Print program version and exit + -U, --update Update this program to latest version. Make sure that you have sufficient permissions (run with sudo if needed) - -i, --ignore-errors continue on download errors, for example to + -i, --ignore-errors Continue on download errors, for example to skip unavailable videos in a playlist --abort-on-error Abort downloading of further videos (in the playlist or the command line) if an error occurs - --dump-user-agent display the current browser identification - --list-extractors List all supported extractors and the URLs - they would handle + --dump-user-agent Display the current browser identification + --list-extractors List all supported extractors --extractor-descriptions Output descriptions of all supported extractors - --proxy URL Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS proxy. Pass in - an empty string (--proxy "") for direct - connection - --socket-timeout None Time to wait before giving up, in seconds + --force-generic-extractor Force extraction to use the generic + extractor --default-search PREFIX Use this prefix for unqualified URLs. For example "gvsearch2:" downloads two videos - from google videos for youtube-dl "large + from google videos for youtube-dl "large apple". Use the value "auto" to let youtube-dl guess ("auto_warning" to emit a warning when guessing). "error" just throws @@ -65,36 +74,82 @@ which means you can modify it, redistribute it or use it however you like. this is not possible instead of searching. --ignore-config Do not read configuration files. When given in the global configuration file /etc - /youtube-dl.conf: do not read the user - configuration in ~/.config/youtube-dl.conf - (%APPDATA%/youtube-dl/config.txt on - Windows) + /youtube-dl.conf: Do not read the user + configuration in ~/.config/youtube- + dl/config (%APPDATA%/youtube-dl/config.txt + on Windows) --flat-playlist Do not extract the videos of a playlist, only list them. + --no-color Do not emit color codes in output + +## Network Options: + --proxy URL Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS proxy. Pass in + an empty string (--proxy "") for direct + connection + --socket-timeout SECONDS Time to wait before giving up, in seconds + --source-address IP Client-side IP address to bind to + (experimental) + -4, --force-ipv4 Make all connections via IPv4 + (experimental) + -6, --force-ipv6 Make all connections via IPv6 + (experimental) + --cn-verification-proxy URL Use this proxy to verify the IP address for + some Chinese sites. The default proxy + specified by --proxy (or none, if the + options is not present) is used for the + actual downloading. (experimental) ## Video Selection: - --playlist-start NUMBER playlist video to start at (default is 1) - --playlist-end NUMBER playlist video to end at (default is last) - --match-title REGEX download only matching titles (regex or + --playlist-start NUMBER Playlist video to start at (default is 1) + --playlist-end NUMBER Playlist video to end at (default is last) + --playlist-items ITEM_SPEC Playlist video items to download. Specify + indices of the videos in the playlist + separated by commas like: "--playlist-items + 1,2,5,8" if you want to download videos + indexed 1, 2, 5, 8 in the playlist. You can + specify range: "--playlist-items + 1-3,7,10-13", it will download the videos + at index 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 13. + --match-title REGEX Download only matching titles (regex or caseless sub-string) - --reject-title REGEX skip download for matching titles (regex or + --reject-title REGEX Skip download for matching titles (regex or caseless sub-string) --max-downloads NUMBER Abort after downloading NUMBER files --min-filesize SIZE Do not download any videos smaller than SIZE (e.g. 50k or 44.6m) --max-filesize SIZE Do not download any videos larger than SIZE (e.g. 50k or 44.6m) - --date DATE download only videos uploaded in this date - --datebefore DATE download only videos uploaded on or before + --date DATE Download only videos uploaded in this date + --datebefore DATE Download only videos uploaded on or before this date (i.e. inclusive) - --dateafter DATE download only videos uploaded on or after + --dateafter DATE Download only videos uploaded on or after this date (i.e. inclusive) --min-views COUNT Do not download any videos with less than COUNT views --max-views COUNT Do not download any videos with more than COUNT views - --no-playlist download only the currently playing video - --age-limit YEARS download only videos suitable for the given + --match-filter FILTER Generic video filter (experimental). + Specify any key (see help for -o for a list + of available keys) to match if the key is + present, !key to check if the key is not + present,key > NUMBER (like "comment_count > + 12", also works with >=, <, <=, !=, =) to + compare against a number, and & to require + multiple matches. Values which are not + known are excluded unless you put a + question mark (?) after the operator.For + example, to only match videos that have + been liked more than 100 times and disliked + less than 50 times (or the dislike + functionality is not available at the given + service), but who also have a description, + use --match-filter "like_count > 100 & + dislike_count \youtube-dl.conf`. +You can configure youtube-dl by placing any supported command line option to a configuration file. On Linux, the system wide configuration file is located at `/etc/youtube-dl.conf` and the user wide configuration file at `~/.config/youtube-dl/config`. On Windows, the user wide configuration file locations are `%APPDATA%\youtube-dl\config.txt` or `C:\Users\\youtube-dl.conf`. For example, with the following configuration file youtube-dl will always extract the audio, not copy the mtime and use a proxy: +``` +--extract-audio +--no-mtime +--proxy 127.0.0.1:3128 +``` + +You can use `--ignore-config` if you want to disable the configuration file for a particular youtube-dl run. -# OUTPUT TEMPLATE +### Authentication with `.netrc` file -The `-o` option allows users to indicate a template for the output file names. The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single file, like in `youtube-dl -o funny_video.flv "http://some/video"`. However, it may contain special sequences that will be replaced when downloading each video. The special sequences have the format `%(NAME)s`. To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in parenthesis, followed by a lowercase S. Allowed names are: +You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password with `--username` and `--password`) in order not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every youtube-dl execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can achieve this using a [`.netrc` file](http://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on per extractor basis. For that you will need to create a`.netrc` file in your `$HOME` and restrict permissions to read/write by you only: +``` +touch $HOME/.netrc +chmod a-rwx,u+rw $HOME/.netrc +``` +After that you can add credentials for extractor in the following format, where *extractor* is the name of extractor in lowercase: +``` +machine login password +``` +For example: +``` +machine youtube login myaccount@gmail.com password my_youtube_password +machine twitch login my_twitch_account_name password my_twitch_password +``` +To activate authentication with the `.netrc` file you should pass `--netrc` to youtube-dl or place it in the [configuration file](#configuration). + +On Windows you may also need to setup the `%HOME%` environment variable manually. + +# OUTPUT TEMPLATE - - `id`: The sequence will be replaced by the video identifier. - - `url`: The sequence will be replaced by the video URL. - - `uploader`: The sequence will be replaced by the nickname of the person who uploaded the video. - - `upload_date`: The sequence will be replaced by the upload date in YYYYMMDD format. - - `title`: The sequence will be replaced by the video title. - - `ext`: The sequence will be replaced by the appropriate extension (like flv or mp4). - - `epoch`: The sequence will be replaced by the Unix epoch when creating the file. - - `autonumber`: The sequence will be replaced by a five-digit number that will be increased with each download, starting at zero. - - `playlist`: The name or the id of the playlist that contains the video. - - `playlist_index`: The index of the video in the playlist, a five-digit number. +The `-o` option allows users to indicate a template for the output file names. The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single file, like in `youtube-dl -o funny_video.flv "http://some/video"`. However, it may contain special sequences that will be replaced when downloading each video. The special sequences have the format `%(NAME)s`. To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in parentheses, followed by a lowercase S. Allowed names are: + + - `id`: Video identifier + - `title`: Video title + - `url`: Video URL + - `ext`: Video filename extension + - `alt_title`: A secondary title of the video + - `display_id`: An alternative identifier for the video + - `uploader`: Full name of the video uploader + - `creator`: The main artist who created the video + - `release_date`: The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was released + - `timestamp`: UNIX timestamp of the moment the video became available + - `upload_date`: Video upload date (YYYYMMDD) + - `uploader_id`: Nickname or id of the video uploader + - `location`: Physical location where the video was filmed + - `duration`: Length of the video in seconds + - `view_count`: How many users have watched the video on the platform + - `like_count`: Number of positive ratings of the video + - `dislike_count`: Number of negative ratings of the video + - `repost_count`: Number of reposts of the video + - `average_rating`: Average rating give by users, the scale used depends on the webpage + - `comment_count`: Number of comments on the video + - `age_limit`: Age restriction for the video (years) + - `format`: A human-readable description of the format + - `format_id`: Format code specified by `--format` + - `format_note`: Additional info about the format + - `width`: Width of the video + - `height`: Height of the video + - `resolution`: Textual description of width and height + - `tbr`: Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s + - `abr`: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s + - `acodec`: Name of the audio codec in use + - `asr`: Audio sampling rate in Hertz + - `vbr`: Average video bitrate in KBit/s + - `fps`: Frame rate + - `vcodec`: Name of the video codec in use + - `container`: Name of the container format + - `filesize`: The number of bytes, if known in advance + - `filesize_approx`: An estimate for the number of bytes + - `protocol`: The protocol that will be used for the actual download + - `extractor`: Name of the extractor + - `extractor_key`: Key name of the extractor + - `epoch`: Unix epoch when creating the file + - `autonumber`: Five-digit number that will be increased with each download, starting at zero + - `playlist`: Name or id of the playlist that contains the video + - `playlist_index`: Index of the video in the playlist padded with leading zeros according to the total length of the playlist + +Available for the video that belongs to some logical chapter or section: + - `chapter`: Name or title of the chapter the video belongs to + - `chapter_number`: Number of the chapter the video belongs to + - `chapter_id`: Id of the chapter the video belongs to + +Available for the video that is an episode of some series or programme: + - `series`: Title of the series or programme the video episode belongs to + - `season`: Title of the season the video episode belongs to + - `season_number`: Number of the season the video episode belongs to + - `season_id`: Id of the season the video episode belongs to + - `episode`: Title of the video episode + - `episode_number`: Number of the video episode within a season + - `episode_id`: Id of the video episode + +Each aforementioned sequence when referenced in output template will be replaced by the actual value corresponding to the sequence name. Note that some of the sequences are not guaranteed to be present since they depend on the metadata obtained by particular extractor, such sequences will be replaced with `NA`. + +For example for `-o %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s` and mp4 video with title `youtube-dl test video` and id `BaW_jenozKcj` this will result in a `youtube-dl test video-BaW_jenozKcj.mp4` file created in the current directory. + +Output template can also contain arbitrary hierarchical path, e.g. `-o '%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s'` that will result in downloading each video in a directory corresponding to this path template. Any missing directory will be automatically created for you. + +To specify percent literal in output template use `%%`. To output to stdout use `-o -`. The current default template is `%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s`. In some cases, you don't want special characters such as 中, spaces, or &, such as when transferring the downloaded filename to a Windows system or the filename through an 8bit-unsafe channel. In these cases, add the `--restrict-filenames` flag to get a shorter title: +Examples (note on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single): + ```bash -$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc +$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o '%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc youtube-dl test video ''_ä↭𝕐.mp4 # All kinds of weird characters -$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc --restrict-filenames + +$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o '%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc --restrict-filenames youtube-dl_test_video_.mp4 # A simple file name + +# Download YouTube playlist videos in separate directory indexed by video order in a playlist +$ youtube-dl -o '%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re + +# Download Udemy course keeping each chapter in separate directory under MyVideos directory in your home +$ youtube-dl -u user -p password -o '~/MyVideos/%(playlist)s/%(chapter_number)s - %(chapter)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.udemy.com/java-tutorial/ + +# Download entire series season keeping each series and each season in separate directory under C:/MyVideos +$ youtube-dl -o "C:/MyVideos/%(series)s/%(season_number)s - %(season)s/%(episode_number)s - %(episode)s.%(ext)s" http://videomore.ru/kino_v_detalayah/5_sezon/367617 + +# Stream the video being downloaded to stdout +$ youtube-dl -o - BaW_jenozKc +``` + +# FORMAT SELECTION + +By default youtube-dl tries to download the best available quality, i.e. if you want the best quality you **don't need** to pass any special options, youtube-dl will guess it for you by **default**. + +But sometimes you may want to download in a different format, for example when you are on a slow or intermittent connection. The key mechanism for achieving this is so called *format selection* based on which you can explicitly specify desired format, select formats based on some criterion or criteria, setup precedence and much more. + +The general syntax for format selection is `--format FORMAT` or shorter `-f FORMAT` where `FORMAT` is a *selector expression*, i.e. an expression that describes format or formats you would like to download. + +The simplest case is requesting a specific format, for example with `-f 22` you can download the format with format code equal to 22. You can get the list of available format codes for particular video using `--list-formats` or `-F`. Note that these format codes are extractor specific. + +You can also use a file extension (currently `3gp`, `aac`, `flv`, `m4a`, `mp3`, `mp4`, `ogg`, `wav`, `webm` are supported) to download best quality format of particular file extension served as a single file, e.g. `-f webm` will download best quality format with `webm` extension served as a single file. + +You can also use special names to select particular edge case format: + - `best`: Select best quality format represented by single file with video and audio + - `worst`: Select worst quality format represented by single file with video and audio + - `bestvideo`: Select best quality video only format (e.g. DASH video), may not be available + - `worstvideo`: Select worst quality video only format, may not be available + - `bestaudio`: Select best quality audio only format, may not be available + - `worstaudio`: Select worst quality audio only format, may not be available + +For example, to download worst quality video only format you can use `-f worstvideo`. + +If you want to download multiple videos and they don't have the same formats available, you can specify the order of preference using slashes. Note that slash is left-associative, i.e. formats on the left hand side are preferred, for example `-f 22/17/18` will download format 22 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 17 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 18 if it's available, otherwise it will complain that no suitable formats are available for download. + +If you want to download several formats of the same video use comma as a separator, e.g. `-f 22,17,18` will download all these three formats, of course if they are available. Or more sophisticated example combined with precedence feature `-f 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio`. + +You can also filter the video formats by putting a condition in brackets, as in `-f "best[height=720]"` (or `-f "[filesize>10M]"`). + +The following numeric meta fields can be used with comparisons `<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=`, `=` (equals), `!=` (not equals): + - `filesize`: The number of bytes, if known in advance + - `width`: Width of the video, if known + - `height`: Height of the video, if known + - `tbr`: Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s + - `abr`: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s + - `vbr`: Average video bitrate in KBit/s + - `asr`: Audio sampling rate in Hertz + - `fps`: Frame rate + +Also filtering work for comparisons `=` (equals), `!=` (not equals), `^=` (begins with), `$=` (ends with), `*=` (contains) and following string meta fields: + - `ext`: File extension + - `acodec`: Name of the audio codec in use + - `vcodec`: Name of the video codec in use + - `container`: Name of the container format + - `protocol`: The protocol that will be used for the actual download, lower-case. `http`, `https`, `rtsp`, `rtmp`, `rtmpe`, `m3u8`, or `m3u8_native` + +Note that none of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be present since this solely depends on the metadata obtained by particular extractor, i.e. the metadata offered by video hoster. + +Formats for which the value is not known are excluded unless you put a question mark (`?`) after the operator. You can combine format filters, so `-f "[height <=? 720][tbr>500]"` selects up to 720p videos (or videos where the height is not known) with a bitrate of at least 500 KBit/s. + +You can merge the video and audio of two formats into a single file using `-f +` (requires ffmpeg or avconv installed), for example `-f bestvideo+bestaudio` will download best video only format, best audio only format and mux them together with ffmpeg/avconv. + +Format selectors can also be grouped using parentheses, for example if you want to download the best mp4 and webm formats with a height lower than 480 you can use `-f '(mp4,webm)[height<480]'`. + +Since the end of April 2015 and version 2015.04.26 youtube-dl uses `-f bestvideo+bestaudio/best` as default format selection (see #5447, #5456). If ffmpeg or avconv are installed this results in downloading `bestvideo` and `bestaudio` separately and muxing them together into a single file giving the best overall quality available. Otherwise it falls back to `best` and results in downloading the best available quality served as a single file. `best` is also needed for videos that don't come from YouTube because they don't provide the audio and video in two different files. If you want to only download some DASH formats (for example if you are not interested in getting videos with a resolution higher than 1080p), you can add `-f bestvideo[height<=?1080]+bestaudio/best` to your configuration file. Note that if you use youtube-dl to stream to `stdout` (and most likely to pipe it to your media player then), i.e. you explicitly specify output template as `-o -`, youtube-dl still uses `-f best` format selection in order to start content delivery immediately to your player and not to wait until `bestvideo` and `bestaudio` are downloaded and muxed. + +If you want to preserve the old format selection behavior (prior to youtube-dl 2015.04.26), i.e. you want to download the best available quality media served as a single file, you should explicitly specify your choice with `-f best`. You may want to add it to the [configuration file](#configuration) in order not to type it every time you run youtube-dl. + +Examples (note on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single): +```bash +# Download best mp4 format available or any other best if no mp4 available +$ youtube-dl -f 'bestvideo[ext=mp4]+bestaudio[ext=m4a]/best[ext=mp4]/best' + +# Download best format available but not better that 480p +$ youtube-dl -f 'bestvideo[height<=480]+bestaudio/best[height<=480]' + +# Download best video only format but no bigger that 50 MB +$ youtube-dl -f 'best[filesize<50M]' + +# Download best format available via direct link over HTTP/HTTPS protocol +$ youtube-dl -f '(bestvideo+bestaudio/best)[protocol^=http]' ``` + # VIDEO SELECTION -Videos can be filtered by their upload date using the options `--date`, `--datebefore` or `--dateafter`, they accept dates in two formats: +Videos can be filtered by their upload date using the options `--date`, `--datebefore` or `--dateafter`. They accept dates in two formats: - Absolute dates: Dates in the format `YYYYMMDD`. - Relative dates: Dates in the format `(now|today)[+-][0-9](day|week|month|year)(s)?` @@ -349,7 +624,7 @@ $ youtube-dl --dateafter now-6months # Download only the videos uploaded on January 1, 1970 $ youtube-dl --date 19700101 -$ # will only download the videos uploaded in the 200x decade +$ # Download only the videos uploaded in the 200x decade $ youtube-dl --dateafter 20000101 --datebefore 20091231 ``` @@ -361,7 +636,7 @@ If you've followed [our manual installation instructions](http://rg3.github.io/y If you have used pip, a simple `sudo pip install -U youtube-dl` is sufficient to update. -If you have installed youtube-dl using a package manager like *apt-get* or *yum*, use the standard system update mechanism to update. Note that distribution packages are often outdated. As a rule of thumb, youtube-dl releases at least once a month, and often weekly or even daily. Simply go to http://yt-dl.org/ to find out the current version. Unfortunately, there is nothing we youtube-dl developers can do if your distributions serves a really outdated version. You can (and should) complain to your distribution in their bugtracker or support forum. +If you have installed youtube-dl using a package manager like *apt-get* or *yum*, use the standard system update mechanism to update. Note that distribution packages are often outdated. As a rule of thumb, youtube-dl releases at least once a month, and often weekly or even daily. Simply go to http://yt-dl.org/ to find out the current version. Unfortunately, there is nothing we youtube-dl developers can do if your distribution serves a really outdated version. You can (and should) complain to your distribution in their bugtracker or support forum. As a last resort, you can also uninstall the version installed by your package manager and follow our manual installation instructions. For that, remove the distribution's package, with a line like @@ -381,13 +656,13 @@ Again, from then on you'll be able to update with `sudo youtube-dl -U`. YouTube changed their playlist format in March 2014 and later on, so you'll need at least youtube-dl 2014.07.25 to download all YouTube videos. -If you have installed youtube-dl with a package manager, pip, setup.py or a tarball, please use that to update. Note that Ubuntu packages do not seem to get updated anymore. Since we are not affiliated with Ubuntu, there is little we can do. Feel free to report bugs to the Ubuntu packaging guys - all they have to do is update the package to a somewhat recent version. See above for a way to update. +If you have installed youtube-dl with a package manager, pip, setup.py or a tarball, please use that to update. Note that Ubuntu packages do not seem to get updated anymore. Since we are not affiliated with Ubuntu, there is little we can do. Feel free to [report bugs](https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/youtube-dl/+filebug) to the [Ubuntu packaging guys](mailto:ubuntu-motu@lists.ubuntu.com?subject=outdated%20version%20of%20youtube-dl) - all they have to do is update the package to a somewhat recent version. See above for a way to update. -### Do I always have to pass in `--max-quality FORMAT`, or `-citw`? +### Do I always have to pass `-citw`? -By default, youtube-dl intends to have the best options (incidentally, if you have a convincing case that these should be different, [please file an issue where you explain that](https://yt-dl.org/bug)). Therefore, it is unnecessary and sometimes harmful to copy long option strings from webpages. In particular, `--max-quality` *limits* the video quality (so if you want the best quality, do NOT pass it in), and the only option out of `-citw` that is regularly useful is `-i`. +By default, youtube-dl intends to have the best options (incidentally, if you have a convincing case that these should be different, [please file an issue where you explain that](https://yt-dl.org/bug)). Therefore, it is unnecessary and sometimes harmful to copy long option strings from webpages. In particular, the only option out of `-citw` that is regularly useful is `-i`. -### Can you please put the -b option back? +### Can you please put the `-b` option back? Most people asking this question are not aware that youtube-dl now defaults to downloading the highest available quality as reported by YouTube, which will be 1080p or 720p in some cases, so you no longer need the `-b` option. For some specific videos, maybe YouTube does not report them to be available in a specific high quality format you're interested in. In that case, simply request it with the `-f` option and youtube-dl will try to download it. @@ -395,23 +670,59 @@ Most people asking this question are not aware that youtube-dl now defaults to d Apparently YouTube requires you to pass a CAPTCHA test if you download too much. We're [considering to provide a way to let you solve the CAPTCHA](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/154), but at the moment, your best course of action is pointing a webbrowser to the youtube URL, solving the CAPTCHA, and restart youtube-dl. +### Do I need any other programs? + +youtube-dl works fine on its own on most sites. However, if you want to convert video/audio, you'll need [avconv](https://libav.org/) or [ffmpeg](https://www.ffmpeg.org/). On some sites - most notably YouTube - videos can be retrieved in a higher quality format without sound. youtube-dl will detect whether avconv/ffmpeg is present and automatically pick the best option. + +Videos or video formats streamed via RTMP protocol can only be downloaded when [rtmpdump](https://rtmpdump.mplayerhq.hu/) is installed. Downloading MMS and RTSP videos requires either [mplayer](http://mplayerhq.hu/) or [mpv](https://mpv.io/) to be installed. + ### I have downloaded a video but how can I play it? Once the video is fully downloaded, use any video player, such as [vlc](http://www.videolan.org) or [mplayer](http://www.mplayerhq.hu/). -### The links provided by youtube-dl -g are not working anymore +### I extracted a video URL with `-g`, but it does not play on another machine / in my webbrowser. + +It depends a lot on the service. In many cases, requests for the video (to download/play it) must come from the same IP address and with the same cookies. Use the `--cookies` option to write the required cookies into a file, and advise your downloader to read cookies from that file. Some sites also require a common user agent to be used, use `--dump-user-agent` to see the one in use by youtube-dl. + +It may be beneficial to use IPv6; in some cases, the restrictions are only applied to IPv4. Some services (sometimes only for a subset of videos) do not restrict the video URL by IP address, cookie, or user-agent, but these are the exception rather than the rule. -The URLs youtube-dl outputs require the downloader to have the correct cookies. Use the `--cookies` option to write the required cookies into a file, and advise your downloader to read cookies from that file. Some sites also require a common user agent to be used, use `--dump-user-agent` to see the one in use by youtube-dl. +Please bear in mind that some URL protocols are **not** supported by browsers out of the box, including RTMP. If you are using `-g`, your own downloader must support these as well. + +If you want to play the video on a machine that is not running youtube-dl, you can relay the video content from the machine that runs youtube-dl. You can use `-o -` to let youtube-dl stream a video to stdout, or simply allow the player to download the files written by youtube-dl in turn. ### ERROR: no fmt_url_map or conn information found in video info -youtube has switched to a new video info format in July 2011 which is not supported by old versions of youtube-dl. You can update youtube-dl with `sudo youtube-dl --update`. +YouTube has switched to a new video info format in July 2011 which is not supported by old versions of youtube-dl. See [above](#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update youtube-dl. + +### ERROR: unable to download video + +YouTube requires an additional signature since September 2012 which is not supported by old versions of youtube-dl. See [above](#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update youtube-dl. + +### Video URL contains an ampersand and I'm getting some strange output `[1] 2839` or `'v' is not recognized as an internal or external command` + +That's actually the output from your shell. Since ampersand is one of the special shell characters it's interpreted by the shell preventing you from passing the whole URL to youtube-dl. To disable your shell from interpreting the ampersands (or any other special characters) you have to either put the whole URL in quotes or escape them with a backslash (which approach will work depends on your shell). + +For example if your URL is https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc you should end up with following command: + +```youtube-dl 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc'``` + +or + +```youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4\&v=BaW_jenozKc``` + +For Windows you have to use the double quotes: + +```youtube-dl "https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc"``` -### ERROR: unable to download video ### +### ExtractorError: Could not find JS function u'OF' -youtube requires an additional signature since September 2012 which is not supported by old versions of youtube-dl. You can update youtube-dl with `sudo youtube-dl --update`. +In February 2015, the new YouTube player contained a character sequence in a string that was misinterpreted by old versions of youtube-dl. See [above](#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update youtube-dl. -### SyntaxError: Non-ASCII character ### +### HTTP Error 429: Too Many Requests or 402: Payment Required + +These two error codes indicate that the service is blocking your IP address because of overuse. Contact the service and ask them to unblock your IP address, or - if you have acquired a whitelisted IP address already - use the [`--proxy` or `--source-address` options](#network-options) to select another IP address. + +### SyntaxError: Non-ASCII character The error @@ -428,6 +739,59 @@ Since June 2012 (#342) youtube-dl is packed as an executable zipfile, simply unz To run the exe you need to install first the [Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable Package](http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=29). +### On Windows, how should I set up ffmpeg and youtube-dl? Where should I put the exe files? + +If you put youtube-dl and ffmpeg in the same directory that you're running the command from, it will work, but that's rather cumbersome. + +To make a different directory work - either for ffmpeg, or for youtube-dl, or for both - simply create the directory (say, `C:\bin`, or `C:\Users\\bin`), put all the executables directly in there, and then [set your PATH environment variable](https://www.java.com/en/download/help/path.xml) to include that directory. + +From then on, after restarting your shell, you will be able to access both youtube-dl and ffmpeg (and youtube-dl will be able to find ffmpeg) by simply typing `youtube-dl` or `ffmpeg`, no matter what directory you're in. + +### How do I put downloads into a specific folder? + +Use the `-o` to specify an [output template](#output-template), for example `-o "/home/user/videos/%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s"`. If you want this for all of your downloads, put the option into your [configuration file](#configuration). + +### How do I download a video starting with a `-`? + +Either prepend `http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=` or separate the ID from the options with `--`: + + youtube-dl -- -wNyEUrxzFU + youtube-dl "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wNyEUrxzFU" + +### How do I pass cookies to youtube-dl? + +Use the `--cookies` option, for example `--cookies /path/to/cookies/file.txt`. Note that the cookies file must be in Mozilla/Netscape format and the first line of the cookies file must be either `# HTTP Cookie File` or `# Netscape HTTP Cookie File`. Make sure you have correct [newline format](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newline) in the cookies file and convert newlines if necessary to correspond with your OS, namely `CRLF` (`\r\n`) for Windows, `LF` (`\n`) for Linux and `CR` (`\r`) for Mac OS. `HTTP Error 400: Bad Request` when using `--cookies` is a good sign of invalid newline format. + +Passing cookies to youtube-dl is a good way to workaround login when a particular extractor does not implement it explicitly. Another use case is working around [CAPTCHA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAPTCHA) some websites require you to solve in particular cases in order to get access (e.g. YouTube, CloudFlare). + +### Can you add support for this anime video site, or site which shows current movies for free? + +As a matter of policy (as well as legality), youtube-dl does not include support for services that specialize in infringing copyright. As a rule of thumb, if you cannot easily find a video that the service is quite obviously allowed to distribute (i.e. that has been uploaded by the creator, the creator's distributor, or is published under a free license), the service is probably unfit for inclusion to youtube-dl. + +A note on the service that they don't host the infringing content, but just link to those who do, is evidence that the service should **not** be included into youtube-dl. The same goes for any DMCA note when the whole front page of the service is filled with videos they are not allowed to distribute. A "fair use" note is equally unconvincing if the service shows copyright-protected videos in full without authorization. + +Support requests for services that **do** purchase the rights to distribute their content are perfectly fine though. If in doubt, you can simply include a source that mentions the legitimate purchase of content. + +### How can I speed up work on my issue? + +(Also known as: Help, my important issue not being solved!) The youtube-dl core developer team is quite small. While we do our best to solve as many issues as possible, sometimes that can take quite a while. To speed up your issue, here's what you can do: + +First of all, please do report the issue [at our issue tracker](https://yt-dl.org/bugs). That allows us to coordinate all efforts by users and developers, and serves as a unified point. Unfortunately, the youtube-dl project has grown too large to use personal email as an effective communication channel. + +Please read the [bug reporting instructions](#bugs) below. A lot of bugs lack all the necessary information. If you can, offer proxy, VPN, or shell access to the youtube-dl developers. If you are able to, test the issue from multiple computers in multiple countries to exclude local censorship or misconfiguration issues. + +If nobody is interested in solving your issue, you are welcome to take matters into your own hands and submit a pull request (or coerce/pay somebody else to do so). + +Feel free to bump the issue from time to time by writing a small comment ("Issue is still present in youtube-dl version ...from France, but fixed from Belgium"), but please not more than once a month. Please do not declare your issue as `important` or `urgent`. + +### How can I detect whether a given URL is supported by youtube-dl? + +For one, have a look at the [list of supported sites](docs/supportedsites.md). Note that it can sometimes happen that the site changes its URL scheme (say, from http://example.com/video/1234567 to http://example.com/v/1234567 ) and youtube-dl reports an URL of a service in that list as unsupported. In that case, simply report a bug. + +It is *not* possible to detect whether a URL is supported or not. That's because youtube-dl contains a generic extractor which matches **all** URLs. You may be tempted to disable, exclude, or remove the generic extractor, but the generic extractor not only allows users to extract videos from lots of websites that embed a video from another service, but may also be used to extract video from a service that it's hosting itself. Therefore, we neither recommend nor support disabling, excluding, or removing the generic extractor. + +If you want to find out whether a given URL is supported, simply call youtube-dl with it. If you get no videos back, chances are the URL is either not referring to a video or unsupported. You can find out which by examining the output (if you run youtube-dl on the console) or catching an `UnsupportedError` exception if you run it from a Python program. + # DEVELOPER INSTRUCTIONS Most users do not need to build youtube-dl and can [download the builds](http://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html) or get them from their distribution. @@ -485,22 +849,24 @@ If you want to add support for a new site, you can follow this quick list (assum def _real_extract(self, url): video_id = self._match_id(url) + webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id) # TODO more code goes here, for example ... - webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id) - title = self._html_search_regex(r'

(.*?)

', webpage, 'title') + title = self._html_search_regex(r'

(.+?)

', webpage, 'title') return { 'id': video_id, 'title': title, + 'description': self._og_search_description(webpage), + 'uploader': self._search_regex(r']+id="uploader"[^>]*>([^<]+)<', webpage, 'uploader', fatal=False), # TODO more properties (see youtube_dl/extractor/common.py) } ``` 5. Add an import in [`youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py`](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py). -6. Run `python test/test_download.py TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`. This *should fail* at first, but you can continually re-run it until you're done. If you decide to add more than one test, then rename ``_TEST`` to ``_TESTS`` and make it into a list of dictionaries. The tests will be then be named `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_1`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_2`, etc. -7. Have a look at [`youtube_dl/common/extractor/common.py`](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py) for possible helper methods and a [detailed description of what your extractor should return](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L38). Add tests and code for as many as you want. -8. If you can, check the code with [pyflakes](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyflakes) (a good idea) and [pep8](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pep8) (optional, ignore E501). -9. When the tests pass, [add](https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-add.html) the new files and [commit](https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-commit.html) them and [push](https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-push.html) the result, like this: +6. Run `python test/test_download.py TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`. This *should fail* at first, but you can continually re-run it until you're done. If you decide to add more than one test, then rename ``_TEST`` to ``_TESTS`` and make it into a list of dictionaries. The tests will then be named `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_1`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_2`, etc. +7. Have a look at [`youtube_dl/extractor/common.py`](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py) for possible helper methods and a [detailed description of what your extractor should and may return](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L62-L200). Add tests and code for as many as you want. +8. If you can, check the code with [flake8](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/flake8). +9. When the tests pass, [add](http://git-scm.com/docs/git-add) the new files and [commit](http://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit) them and [push](http://git-scm.com/docs/git-push) the result, like this: $ git add youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py $ git add youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py @@ -517,23 +883,77 @@ youtube-dl makes the best effort to be a good command-line program, and thus sho From a Python program, you can embed youtube-dl in a more powerful fashion, like this: - import youtube_dl +```python +from __future__ import unicode_literals +import youtube_dl - ydl_opts = {} - with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl: - ydl.download(['http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']) +ydl_opts = {} +with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl: + ydl.download(['http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']) +``` + +Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of what can be done, have a look at [`youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py`](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py#L121-L269). For a start, if you want to intercept youtube-dl's output, set a `logger` object. + +Here's a more complete example of a program that outputs only errors (and a short message after the download is finished), and downloads/converts the video to an mp3 file: + +```python +from __future__ import unicode_literals +import youtube_dl + + +class MyLogger(object): + def debug(self, msg): + pass + + def warning(self, msg): + pass + + def error(self, msg): + print(msg) -Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of what can be done, have a look at [youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py#L69). For a start, if you want to intercept youtube-dl's output, set a `logger` object. + +def my_hook(d): + if d['status'] == 'finished': + print('Done downloading, now converting ...') + + +ydl_opts = { + 'format': 'bestaudio/best', + 'postprocessors': [{ + 'key': 'FFmpegExtractAudio', + 'preferredcodec': 'mp3', + 'preferredquality': '192', + }], + 'logger': MyLogger(), + 'progress_hooks': [my_hook], +} +with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl: + ydl.download(['http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']) +``` # BUGS -Bugs and suggestions should be reported at: . Unless you were prompted so or there is another pertinent reason (e.g. GitHub fails to accept the bug report), please do not send bug reports via personal email. +Bugs and suggestions should be reported at: . Unless you were prompted so or there is another pertinent reason (e.g. GitHub fails to accept the bug report), please do not send bug reports via personal email. For discussions, join us in the IRC channel [#youtube-dl](irc://chat.freenode.net/#youtube-dl) on freenode ([webchat](http://webchat.freenode.net/?randomnick=1&channels=youtube-dl)). -Please include the full output of the command when run with `--verbose`. The output (including the first lines) contain important debugging information. Issues without the full output are often not reproducible and therefore do not get solved in short order, if ever. +**Please include the full output of youtube-dl when run with `-v`**, i.e. **add** `-v` flag to **your command line**, copy the **whole** output and post it in the issue body wrapped in \`\`\` for better formatting. It should look similar to this: +``` +$ youtube-dl -v +[debug] System config: [] +[debug] User config: [] +[debug] Command-line args: [u'-v', u'http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKcj'] +[debug] Encodings: locale cp1251, fs mbcs, out cp866, pref cp1251 +[debug] youtube-dl version 2015.12.06 +[debug] Git HEAD: 135392e +[debug] Python version 2.6.6 - Windows-2003Server-5.2.3790-SP2 +[debug] exe versions: ffmpeg N-75573-g1d0487f, ffprobe N-75573-g1d0487f, rtmpdump 2.4 +[debug] Proxy map: {} +... +``` +**Do not post screenshots of verbose log only plain text is acceptable.** -For discussions, join us in the irc channel #youtube-dl on freenode. +The output (including the first lines) contains important debugging information. Issues without the full output are often not reproducible and therefore do not get solved in short order, if ever. -When you submit a request, please re-read it once to avoid a couple of mistakes (you can and should use this as a checklist): +Please re-read your issue once again to avoid a couple of common mistakes (you can and should use this as a checklist): ### Is the description of the issue itself sufficient? @@ -545,19 +965,21 @@ So please elaborate on what feature you are requesting, or what bug you want to - How it could be fixed - How your proposed solution would look like -If your report is shorter than two lines, it is almost certainly missing some of these, which makes it hard for us to respond to it. We're often too polite to close the issue outright, but the missing info makes misinterpretation likely. As a commiter myself, I often get frustrated by these issues, since the only possible way for me to move forward on them is to ask for clarification over and over. +If your report is shorter than two lines, it is almost certainly missing some of these, which makes it hard for us to respond to it. We're often too polite to close the issue outright, but the missing info makes misinterpretation likely. As a committer myself, I often get frustrated by these issues, since the only possible way for me to move forward on them is to ask for clarification over and over. + +For bug reports, this means that your report should contain the *complete* output of youtube-dl when called with the `-v` flag. The error message you get for (most) bugs even says so, but you would not believe how many of our bug reports do not contain this information. -For bug reports, this means that your report should contain the *complete* output of youtube-dl when called with the -v flag. The error message you get for (most) bugs even says so, but you would not believe how many of our bug reports do not contain this information. +If your server has multiple IPs or you suspect censorship, adding `--call-home` may be a good idea to get more diagnostics. If the error is `ERROR: Unable to extract ...` and you cannot reproduce it from multiple countries, add `--dump-pages` (warning: this will yield a rather large output, redirect it to the file `log.txt` by adding `>log.txt 2>&1` to your command-line) or upload the `.dump` files you get when you add `--write-pages` [somewhere](https://gist.github.com/). -Site support requests **must contain an example URL**. An example URL is a URL you might want to download, like http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc . There should be an obvious video present. Except under very special circumstances, the main page of a video service (e.g. http://www.youtube.com/ ) is *not* an example URL. +**Site support requests must contain an example URL**. An example URL is a URL you might want to download, like `http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc`. There should be an obvious video present. Except under very special circumstances, the main page of a video service (e.g. `http://www.youtube.com/`) is *not* an example URL. ### Are you using the latest version? -Before reporting any issue, type youtube-dl -U. This should report that you're up-to-date. About 20% of the reports we receive are already fixed, but people are using outdated versions. This goes for feature requests as well. +Before reporting any issue, type `youtube-dl -U`. This should report that you're up-to-date. About 20% of the reports we receive are already fixed, but people are using outdated versions. This goes for feature requests as well. ### Is the issue already documented? -Make sure that someone has not already opened the issue you're trying to open. Search at the top of the window or at https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/search?type=Issues . If there is an issue, feel free to write something along the lines of "This affects me as well, with version 2015.01.01. Here is some more information on the issue: ...". While some issues may be old, a new post into them often spurs rapid activity. +Make sure that someone has not already opened the issue you're trying to open. Search at the top of the window or browse the [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/search?type=Issues) of this repository. If there is an issue, feel free to write something along the lines of "This affects me as well, with version 2015.01.01. Here is some more information on the issue: ...". While some issues may be old, a new post into them often spurs rapid activity. ### Why are existing options not enough? @@ -577,7 +999,7 @@ In particular, every site support request issue should only pertain to services ### Is anyone going to need the feature? -Only post features that you (or an incapicated friend you can personally talk to) require. Do not post features because they seem like a good idea. If they are really useful, they will be requested by someone who requires them. +Only post features that you (or an incapacitated friend you can personally talk to) require. Do not post features because they seem like a good idea. If they are really useful, they will be requested by someone who requires them. ### Is your question about youtube-dl? @@ -587,4 +1009,4 @@ It may sound strange, but some bug reports we receive are completely unrelated t youtube-dl is released into the public domain by the copyright holders. -This README file was originally written by Daniel Bolton () and is likewise released into the public domain. +This README file was originally written by [Daniel Bolton](https://github.com/dbbolton) and is likewise released into the public domain.