X-Git-Url: https://git.rapsys.eu/youtubedl/blobdiff_plain/532a08904ffbacc5e5ccf99edb660c5f37ddb213..20205e79eb4216762c923790b27dbe38f945293a:/README.md diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index dc0be1f..73e42e5 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,4 +1,6 @@ -youtube-dl - download videos from youtube.com or other video platforms +[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/ytdl-org/youtube-dl.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/ytdl-org/youtube-dl) + +this is not youtube-dl - it does not download videos from youtube.com or other video platforms - [INSTALLATION](#installation) - [DESCRIPTION](#description) @@ -15,7 +17,7 @@ youtube-dl - download videos from youtube.com or other video platforms # INSTALLATION -To install it right away for all UNIX users (Linux, OS X, etc.), type: +To install it right away for all UNIX users (Linux, macOS, etc.), type: sudo curl -L https://yt-dl.org/downloads/latest/youtube-dl -o /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl @@ -25,7 +27,7 @@ If you do not have curl, you can alternatively use a recent wget: sudo wget https://yt-dl.org/downloads/latest/youtube-dl -O /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl -Windows users can [download an .exe file](https://yt-dl.org/latest/youtube-dl.exe) and place it in any location on their [PATH](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_%28variable%29) except for `%SYSTEMROOT%\System32` (e.g. **do not** put in `C:\Windows\System32`). +Windows users can [download an .exe file](https://yt-dl.org/latest/youtube-dl.exe) and place it in any location on their [PATH](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_%28variable%29) except for `%SYSTEMROOT%\System32` (e.g. **do not** put in `C:\Windows\System32`). You can also use pip: @@ -33,7 +35,7 @@ You can also use pip: This command will update youtube-dl if you have already installed it. See the [pypi page](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/youtube_dl) for more information. -OS X users can install youtube-dl with [Homebrew](http://brew.sh/): +macOS users can install youtube-dl with [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/): brew install youtube-dl @@ -41,10 +43,10 @@ Or with [MacPorts](https://www.macports.org/): sudo port install youtube-dl -Alternatively, refer to the [developer instructions](#developer-instructions) for how to check out and work with the git repository. For further options, including PGP signatures, see the [youtube-dl Download Page](https://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html). +Alternatively, refer to the [developer instructions](#developer-instructions) for how to check out and work with the git repository. For further options, including PGP signatures, see the [youtube-dl Download Page](https://ytdl-org.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html). # DESCRIPTION -**youtube-dl** is a command-line program to download videos from YouTube.com and a few more sites. It requires the Python interpreter, version 2.6, 2.7, or 3.2+, and it is not platform specific. It should work on your Unix box, on Windows or on Mac OS X. It is released to the public domain, which means you can modify it, redistribute it or use it however you like. +**youtube-dl** is a command-line program to download videos from YouTube.com and a few more sites. It requires the Python interpreter, version 2.6, 2.7, or 3.2+, and it is not platform specific. It should work on your Unix box, on Windows or on macOS. It is released to the public domain, which means you can modify it, redistribute it or use it however you like. youtube-dl [OPTIONS] URL [URL...] @@ -91,8 +93,8 @@ Alternatively, refer to the [developer instructions](#developer-instructions) fo ## Network Options: --proxy URL Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS proxy. - To enable experimental SOCKS proxy, specify - a proper scheme. For example + To enable SOCKS proxy, specify a proper + scheme. For example socks5://127.0.0.1:1080/. Pass in an empty string (--proxy "") for direct connection --socket-timeout SECONDS Time to wait before giving up, in seconds @@ -104,16 +106,18 @@ Alternatively, refer to the [developer instructions](#developer-instructions) fo --geo-verification-proxy URL Use this proxy to verify the IP address for some geo-restricted sites. The default proxy specified by --proxy (or none, if the - options is not present) is used for the + option is not present) is used for the actual downloading. --geo-bypass Bypass geographic restriction via faking - X-Forwarded-For HTTP header (experimental) + X-Forwarded-For HTTP header --no-geo-bypass Do not bypass geographic restriction via faking X-Forwarded-For HTTP header - (experimental) --geo-bypass-country CODE Force bypass geographic restriction with explicitly provided two-letter ISO 3166-2 - country code (experimental) + country code + --geo-bypass-ip-block IP_BLOCK Force bypass geographic restriction with + explicitly provided IP block in CIDR + notation ## Video Selection: --playlist-start NUMBER Playlist video to start at (default is 1) @@ -145,18 +149,18 @@ Alternatively, refer to the [developer instructions](#developer-instructions) fo --max-views COUNT Do not download any videos with more than COUNT views --match-filter FILTER Generic video filter. Specify any key (see - help for -o for a list of available keys) - to match if the key is present, !key to - check if the key is not present, key > - NUMBER (like "comment_count > 12", also - works with >=, <, <=, !=, =) to compare - against a number, key = 'LITERAL' (like - "uploader = 'Mike Smith'", also works with - !=) to match against a string literal and & - to require multiple matches. Values which - are not known are excluded unless you put a - question mark (?) after the operator. For - example, to only match videos that have + the "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for a list of + available keys) to match if the key is + present, !key to check if the key is not + present, key > NUMBER (like "comment_count + > 12", also works with >=, <, <=, !=, =) to + compare against a number, key = 'LITERAL' + (like "uploader = 'Mike Smith'", also works + with !=) to match against a string literal + and & to require multiple matches. Values + which are not known are excluded unless you + put a question mark (?) after the operator. + For example, to only match videos that have been liked more than 100 times and disliked less than 50 times (or the dislike functionality is not available at the given @@ -196,10 +200,15 @@ Alternatively, refer to the [developer instructions](#developer-instructions) fo size. By default, the buffer size is automatically resized from an initial value of SIZE. + --http-chunk-size SIZE Size of a chunk for chunk-based HTTP + downloading (e.g. 10485760 or 10M) (default + is disabled). May be useful for bypassing + bandwidth throttling imposed by a webserver + (experimental) --playlist-reverse Download playlist videos in reverse order --playlist-random Download playlist videos in random order --xattr-set-filesize Set file xattribute ytdl.filesize with - expected file size (experimental) + expected file size --hls-prefer-native Use the native HLS downloader instead of ffmpeg --hls-prefer-ffmpeg Use ffmpeg instead of the native HLS @@ -216,7 +225,9 @@ Alternatively, refer to the [developer instructions](#developer-instructions) fo ## Filesystem Options: -a, --batch-file FILE File containing URLs to download ('-' for - stdin) + stdin), one URL per line. Lines starting + with '#', ';' or ']' are considered as + comments and ignored. --id Use only video ID in file name -o, --output TEMPLATE Output filename template, see the "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for all the info @@ -277,8 +288,8 @@ Alternatively, refer to the [developer instructions](#developer-instructions) fo --get-filename Simulate, quiet but print output filename --get-format Simulate, quiet but print output format -j, --dump-json Simulate, quiet but print JSON information. - See --output for a description of available - keys. + See the "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for a description + of available keys. -J, --dump-single-json Simulate, quiet but print JSON information for each command-line argument. If the URL refers to a playlist, dump the whole @@ -416,22 +427,22 @@ Alternatively, refer to the [developer instructions](#developer-instructions) fo default; fix file if we can, warn otherwise) --prefer-avconv Prefer avconv over ffmpeg for running the - postprocessors (default) - --prefer-ffmpeg Prefer ffmpeg over avconv for running the postprocessors + --prefer-ffmpeg Prefer ffmpeg over avconv for running the + postprocessors (default) --ffmpeg-location PATH Location of the ffmpeg/avconv binary; either the path to the binary or its containing directory. --exec CMD Execute a command on the file after - downloading, similar to find's -exec - syntax. Example: --exec 'adb push {} - /sdcard/Music/ && rm {}' + downloading and post-processing, similar to + find's -exec syntax. Example: --exec 'adb + push {} /sdcard/Music/ && rm {}' --convert-subs FORMAT Convert the subtitles to other format - (currently supported: srt|ass|vtt) + (currently supported: srt|ass|vtt|lrc) # CONFIGURATION -You can configure youtube-dl by placing any supported command line option to a configuration file. On Linux and OS X, the system wide configuration file is located at `/etc/youtube-dl.conf` and the user wide configuration file at `~/.config/youtube-dl/config`. On Windows, the user wide configuration file locations are `%APPDATA%\youtube-dl\config.txt` or `C:\Users\\youtube-dl.conf`. Note that by default configuration file may not exist so you may need to create it yourself. +You can configure youtube-dl by placing any supported command line option to a configuration file. On Linux and macOS, the system wide configuration file is located at `/etc/youtube-dl.conf` and the user wide configuration file at `~/.config/youtube-dl/config`. On Windows, the user wide configuration file locations are `%APPDATA%\youtube-dl\config.txt` or `C:\Users\\youtube-dl.conf`. Note that by default configuration file may not exist so you may need to create it yourself. For example, with the following configuration file youtube-dl will always extract the audio, not copy the mtime, use a proxy and save all videos under `Movies` directory in your home directory: ``` @@ -458,7 +469,7 @@ You can also use `--config-location` if you want to use custom configuration fil ### Authentication with `.netrc` file -You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password with `--username` and `--password`) in order not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every youtube-dl execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can achieve this using a [`.netrc` file](http://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on a per extractor basis. For that you will need to create a `.netrc` file in your `$HOME` and restrict permissions to read/write by only you: +You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password with `--username` and `--password`) in order not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every youtube-dl execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can achieve this using a [`.netrc` file](https://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on a per extractor basis. For that you will need to create a `.netrc` file in your `$HOME` and restrict permissions to read/write by only you: ``` touch $HOME/.netrc chmod a-rwx,u+rw $HOME/.netrc @@ -474,7 +485,10 @@ machine twitch login my_twitch_account_name password my_twitch_password ``` To activate authentication with the `.netrc` file you should pass `--netrc` to youtube-dl or place it in the [configuration file](#configuration). -On Windows you may also need to setup the `%HOME%` environment variable manually. +On Windows you may also need to setup the `%HOME%` environment variable manually. For example: +``` +set HOME=%USERPROFILE% +``` # OUTPUT TEMPLATE @@ -482,7 +496,7 @@ The `-o` option allows users to indicate a template for the output file names. **tl;dr:** [navigate me to examples](#output-template-examples). -The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single file, like in `youtube-dl -o funny_video.flv "http://some/video"`. However, it may contain special sequences that will be replaced when downloading each video. The special sequences may be formatted according to [python string formatting operations](https://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#string-formatting). For example, `%(NAME)s` or `%(NAME)05d`. To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in parentheses, followed by a formatting operations. Allowed names along with sequence type are: +The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single file, like in `youtube-dl -o funny_video.flv "https://some/video"`. However, it may contain special sequences that will be replaced when downloading each video. The special sequences may be formatted according to [python string formatting operations](https://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#string-formatting). For example, `%(NAME)s` or `%(NAME)05d`. To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in parentheses, followed by formatting operations. Allowed names along with sequence type are: - `id` (string): Video identifier - `title` (string): Video title @@ -497,6 +511,8 @@ The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single f - `timestamp` (numeric): UNIX timestamp of the moment the video became available - `upload_date` (string): Video upload date (YYYYMMDD) - `uploader_id` (string): Nickname or id of the video uploader + - `channel` (string): Full name of the channel the video is uploaded on + - `channel_id` (string): Id of the channel - `location` (string): Physical location where the video was filmed - `duration` (numeric): Length of the video in seconds - `view_count` (numeric): How many users have watched the video on the platform @@ -506,6 +522,9 @@ The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single f - `average_rating` (numeric): Average rating give by users, the scale used depends on the webpage - `comment_count` (numeric): Number of comments on the video - `age_limit` (numeric): Age restriction for the video (years) + - `is_live` (boolean): Whether this video is a live stream or a fixed-length video + - `start_time` (numeric): Time in seconds where the reproduction should start, as specified in the URL + - `end_time` (numeric): Time in seconds where the reproduction should end, as specified in the URL - `format` (string): A human-readable description of the format - `format_id` (string): Format code specified by `--format` - `format_note` (string): Additional info about the format @@ -531,14 +550,17 @@ The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single f - `playlist_index` (numeric): Index of the video in the playlist padded with leading zeros according to the total length of the playlist - `playlist_id` (string): Playlist identifier - `playlist_title` (string): Playlist title - + - `playlist_uploader` (string): Full name of the playlist uploader + - `playlist_uploader_id` (string): Nickname or id of the playlist uploader Available for the video that belongs to some logical chapter or section: + - `chapter` (string): Name or title of the chapter the video belongs to - `chapter_number` (numeric): Number of the chapter the video belongs to - `chapter_id` (string): Id of the chapter the video belongs to Available for the video that is an episode of some series or programme: + - `series` (string): Title of the series or programme the video episode belongs to - `season` (string): Title of the season the video episode belongs to - `season_number` (numeric): Number of the season the video episode belongs to @@ -548,6 +570,7 @@ Available for the video that is an episode of some series or programme: - `episode_id` (string): Id of the video episode Available for the media that is a track or a part of a music album: + - `track` (string): Title of the track - `track_number` (numeric): Number of the track within an album or a disc - `track_id` (string): Id of the track @@ -579,7 +602,7 @@ If you are using an output template inside a Windows batch file then you must es #### Output template examples -Note on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single. +Note that on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single. ```bash $ youtube-dl --get-filename -o '%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc @@ -598,7 +621,7 @@ $ youtube-dl -o '%(uploader)s/%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext) $ youtube-dl -u user -p password -o '~/MyVideos/%(playlist)s/%(chapter_number)s - %(chapter)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.udemy.com/java-tutorial/ # Download entire series season keeping each series and each season in separate directory under C:/MyVideos -$ youtube-dl -o "C:/MyVideos/%(series)s/%(season_number)s - %(season)s/%(episode_number)s - %(episode)s.%(ext)s" http://videomore.ru/kino_v_detalayah/5_sezon/367617 +$ youtube-dl -o "C:/MyVideos/%(series)s/%(season_number)s - %(season)s/%(episode_number)s - %(episode)s.%(ext)s" https://videomore.ru/kino_v_detalayah/5_sezon/367617 # Stream the video being downloaded to stdout $ youtube-dl -o - BaW_jenozKc @@ -619,6 +642,7 @@ The simplest case is requesting a specific format, for example with `-f 22` you You can also use a file extension (currently `3gp`, `aac`, `flv`, `m4a`, `mp3`, `mp4`, `ogg`, `wav`, `webm` are supported) to download the best quality format of a particular file extension served as a single file, e.g. `-f webm` will download the best quality format with the `webm` extension served as a single file. You can also use special names to select particular edge case formats: + - `best`: Select the best quality format represented by a single file with video and audio. - `worst`: Select the worst quality format represented by a single file with video and audio. - `bestvideo`: Select the best quality video-only format (e.g. DASH video). May not be available. @@ -635,6 +659,7 @@ If you want to download several formats of the same video use a comma as a separ You can also filter the video formats by putting a condition in brackets, as in `-f "best[height=720]"` (or `-f "[filesize>10M]"`). The following numeric meta fields can be used with comparisons `<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=`, `=` (equals), `!=` (not equals): + - `filesize`: The number of bytes, if known in advance - `width`: Width of the video, if known - `height`: Height of the video, if known @@ -644,14 +669,17 @@ The following numeric meta fields can be used with comparisons `<`, `<=`, `>`, ` - `asr`: Audio sampling rate in Hertz - `fps`: Frame rate -Also filtering work for comparisons `=` (equals), `!=` (not equals), `^=` (begins with), `$=` (ends with), `*=` (contains) and following string meta fields: +Also filtering work for comparisons `=` (equals), `^=` (starts with), `$=` (ends with), `*=` (contains) and following string meta fields: + - `ext`: File extension - `acodec`: Name of the audio codec in use - `vcodec`: Name of the video codec in use - `container`: Name of the container format - - `protocol`: The protocol that will be used for the actual download, lower-case (`http`, `https`, `rtsp`, `rtmp`, `rtmpe`, `mms`, `f4m`, `ism`, `m3u8`, or `m3u8_native`) + - `protocol`: The protocol that will be used for the actual download, lower-case (`http`, `https`, `rtsp`, `rtmp`, `rtmpe`, `mms`, `f4m`, `ism`, `http_dash_segments`, `m3u8`, or `m3u8_native`) - `format_id`: A short description of the format +Any string comparison may be prefixed with negation `!` in order to produce an opposite comparison, e.g. `!*=` (does not contain). + Note that none of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be present since this solely depends on the metadata obtained by particular extractor, i.e. the metadata offered by the video hoster. Formats for which the value is not known are excluded unless you put a question mark (`?`) after the operator. You can combine format filters, so `-f "[height <=? 720][tbr>500]"` selects up to 720p videos (or videos where the height is not known) with a bitrate of at least 500 KBit/s. @@ -660,19 +688,19 @@ You can merge the video and audio of two formats into a single file using `-f [0-9]+)' _TEST = { - 'url': 'http://yourextractor.com/watch/42', + 'url': 'https://yourextractor.com/watch/42', 'md5': 'TODO: md5 sum of the first 10241 bytes of the video file (use --test)', 'info_dict': { 'id': '42', @@ -997,18 +1029,22 @@ After you have ensured this site is distributing its content legally, you can fo # TODO more properties (see youtube_dl/extractor/common.py) } ``` -5. Add an import in [`youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py`](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py). -6. Run `python test/test_download.py TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`. This *should fail* at first, but you can continually re-run it until you're done. If you decide to add more than one test, then rename ``_TEST`` to ``_TESTS`` and make it into a list of dictionaries. The tests will then be named `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_1`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_2`, etc. -7. Have a look at [`youtube_dl/extractor/common.py`](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py) for possible helper methods and a [detailed description of what your extractor should and may return](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L74-L252). Add tests and code for as many as you want. -8. Make sure your code follows [youtube-dl coding conventions](#youtube-dl-coding-conventions) and check the code with [flake8](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/flake8). Also make sure your code works under all [Python](http://www.python.org/) versions claimed supported by youtube-dl, namely 2.6, 2.7, and 3.2+. -9. When the tests pass, [add](http://git-scm.com/docs/git-add) the new files and [commit](http://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit) them and [push](http://git-scm.com/docs/git-push) the result, like this: +5. Add an import in [`youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py`](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py). +6. Run `python test/test_download.py TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`. This *should fail* at first, but you can continually re-run it until you're done. If you decide to add more than one test, then rename ``_TEST`` to ``_TESTS`` and make it into a list of dictionaries. The tests will then be named `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_1`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_2`, etc. Note that tests with `only_matching` key in test's dict are not counted in. +7. Have a look at [`youtube_dl/extractor/common.py`](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py) for possible helper methods and a [detailed description of what your extractor should and may return](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/7f41a598b3fba1bcab2817de64a08941200aa3c8/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L94-L303). Add tests and code for as many as you want. +8. Make sure your code follows [youtube-dl coding conventions](#youtube-dl-coding-conventions) and check the code with [flake8](https://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/index.html#quickstart): + + $ flake8 youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py + +9. Make sure your code works under all [Python](https://www.python.org/) versions claimed supported by youtube-dl, namely 2.6, 2.7, and 3.2+. +10. When the tests pass, [add](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-add) the new files and [commit](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit) them and [push](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-push) the result, like this: $ git add youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py $ git add youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py $ git commit -m '[yourextractor] Add new extractor' $ git push origin yourextractor -10. Finally, [create a pull request](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-pull-request). We'll then review and merge it. +11. Finally, [create a pull request](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-pull-request). We'll then review and merge it. In any case, thank you very much for your contributions! @@ -1020,7 +1056,7 @@ Extractors are very fragile by nature since they depend on the layout of the sou ### Mandatory and optional metafields -For extraction to work youtube-dl relies on metadata your extractor extracts and provides to youtube-dl expressed by an [information dictionary](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L75-L257) or simply *info dict*. Only the following meta fields in the *info dict* are considered mandatory for a successful extraction process by youtube-dl: +For extraction to work youtube-dl relies on metadata your extractor extracts and provides to youtube-dl expressed by an [information dictionary](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/7f41a598b3fba1bcab2817de64a08941200aa3c8/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L94-L303) or simply *info dict*. Only the following meta fields in the *info dict* are considered mandatory for a successful extraction process by youtube-dl: - `id` (media identifier) - `title` (media title) @@ -1028,7 +1064,7 @@ For extraction to work youtube-dl relies on metadata your extractor extracts and In fact only the last option is technically mandatory (i.e. if you can't figure out the download location of the media the extraction does not make any sense). But by convention youtube-dl also treats `id` and `title` as mandatory. Thus the aforementioned metafields are the critical data that the extraction does not make any sense without and if any of them fail to be extracted then the extractor is considered completely broken. -[Any field](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L149-L257) apart from the aforementioned ones are considered **optional**. That means that extraction should be **tolerant** to situations when sources for these fields can potentially be unavailable (even if they are always available at the moment) and **future-proof** in order not to break the extraction of general purpose mandatory fields. +[Any field](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/7f41a598b3fba1bcab2817de64a08941200aa3c8/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L188-L303) apart from the aforementioned ones are considered **optional**. That means that extraction should be **tolerant** to situations when sources for these fields can potentially be unavailable (even if they are always available at the moment) and **future-proof** in order not to break the extraction of general purpose mandatory fields. #### Example @@ -1104,11 +1140,33 @@ title = meta.get('title') or self._og_search_title(webpage) This code will try to extract from `meta` first and if it fails it will try extracting `og:title` from a `webpage`. -### Make regular expressions flexible +### Regular expressions + +#### Don't capture groups you don't use + +Capturing group must be an indication that it's used somewhere in the code. Any group that is not used must be non capturing. + +##### Example -When using regular expressions try to write them fuzzy and flexible. +Don't capture id attribute name here since you can't use it for anything anyway. + +Correct: + +```python +r'(?:id|ID)=(?P\d+)' +``` + +Incorrect: +```python +r'(id|ID)=(?P\d+)' +``` + + +#### Make regular expressions relaxed and flexible + +When using regular expressions try to write them fuzzy, relaxed and flexible, skipping insignificant parts that are more likely to change, allowing both single and double quotes for quoted values and so on. -#### Example +##### Example Say you need to extract `title` from the following HTML code: @@ -1141,13 +1199,121 @@ title = self._search_regex( webpage, 'title', group='title') ``` -### Use safe conversion functions +### Long lines policy + +There is a soft limit to keep lines of code under 80 characters long. This means it should be respected if possible and if it does not make readability and code maintenance worse. + +For example, you should **never** split long string literals like URLs or some other often copied entities over multiple lines to fit this limit: + +Correct: + +```python +'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4' +``` + +Incorrect: -Wrap all extracted numeric data into safe functions from `utils`: `int_or_none`, `float_or_none`. Use them for string to number conversions as well. +```python +'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=' +'PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4' +``` + +### Inline values + +Extracting variables is acceptable for reducing code duplication and improving readability of complex expressions. However, you should avoid extracting variables used only once and moving them to opposite parts of the extractor file, which makes reading the linear flow difficult. + +#### Example + +Correct: + +```python +title = self._html_search_regex(r'([^<]+)', webpage, 'title') +``` + +Incorrect: + +```python +TITLE_RE = r'([^<]+)' +# ...some lines of code... +title = self._html_search_regex(TITLE_RE, webpage, 'title') +``` + +### Collapse fallbacks + +Multiple fallback values can quickly become unwieldy. Collapse multiple fallback values into a single expression via a list of patterns. + +#### Example + +Good: + +```python +description = self._html_search_meta( + ['og:description', 'description', 'twitter:description'], + webpage, 'description', default=None) +``` + +Unwieldy: + +```python +description = ( + self._og_search_description(webpage, default=None) + or self._html_search_meta('description', webpage, default=None) + or self._html_search_meta('twitter:description', webpage, default=None)) +``` + +Methods supporting list of patterns are: `_search_regex`, `_html_search_regex`, `_og_search_property`, `_html_search_meta`. + +### Trailing parentheses + +Always move trailing parentheses after the last argument. + +#### Example + +Correct: + +```python + lambda x: x['ResultSet']['Result'][0]['VideoUrlSet']['VideoUrl'], + list) +``` + +Incorrect: + +```python + lambda x: x['ResultSet']['Result'][0]['VideoUrlSet']['VideoUrl'], + list, +) +``` + +### Use convenience conversion and parsing functions + +Wrap all extracted numeric data into safe functions from [`youtube_dl/utils.py`](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/utils.py): `int_or_none`, `float_or_none`. Use them for string to number conversions as well. + +Use `url_or_none` for safe URL processing. + +Use `try_get` for safe metadata extraction from parsed JSON. + +Use `unified_strdate` for uniform `upload_date` or any `YYYYMMDD` meta field extraction, `unified_timestamp` for uniform `timestamp` extraction, `parse_filesize` for `filesize` extraction, `parse_count` for count meta fields extraction, `parse_resolution`, `parse_duration` for `duration` extraction, `parse_age_limit` for `age_limit` extraction. + +Explore [`youtube_dl/utils.py`](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/utils.py) for more useful convenience functions. + +#### More examples + +##### Safely extract optional description from parsed JSON +```python +description = try_get(response, lambda x: x['result']['video'][0]['summary'], compat_str) +``` + +##### Safely extract more optional metadata +```python +video = try_get(response, lambda x: x['result']['video'][0], dict) or {} +description = video.get('summary') +duration = float_or_none(video.get('durationMs'), scale=1000) +view_count = int_or_none(video.get('views')) +``` # EMBEDDING YOUTUBE-DL -youtube-dl makes the best effort to be a good command-line program, and thus should be callable from any programming language. If you encounter any problems parsing its output, feel free to [create a report](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/new). +youtube-dl makes the best effort to be a good command-line program, and thus should be callable from any programming language. If you encounter any problems parsing its output, feel free to [create a report](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/new). From a Python program, you can embed youtube-dl in a more powerful fashion, like this: @@ -1157,10 +1323,10 @@ import youtube_dl ydl_opts = {} with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl: - ydl.download(['http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']) + ydl.download(['https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']) ``` -Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of options available, have a look at [`youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py`](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py#L129-L279). For a start, if you want to intercept youtube-dl's output, set a `logger` object. +Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of options available, have a look at [`youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py`](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/3e4cedf9e8cd3157df2457df7274d0c842421945/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py#L137-L312). For a start, if you want to intercept youtube-dl's output, set a `logger` object. Here's a more complete example of a program that outputs only errors (and a short message after the download is finished), and downloads/converts the video to an mp3 file: @@ -1196,19 +1362,19 @@ ydl_opts = { 'progress_hooks': [my_hook], } with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl: - ydl.download(['http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']) + ydl.download(['https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc']) ``` # BUGS -Bugs and suggestions should be reported at: . Unless you were prompted to or there is another pertinent reason (e.g. GitHub fails to accept the bug report), please do not send bug reports via personal email. For discussions, join us in the IRC channel [#youtube-dl](irc://chat.freenode.net/#youtube-dl) on freenode ([webchat](http://webchat.freenode.net/?randomnick=1&channels=youtube-dl)). +Bugs and suggestions should be reported at: . Unless you were prompted to or there is another pertinent reason (e.g. GitHub fails to accept the bug report), please do not send bug reports via personal email. For discussions, join us in the IRC channel [#youtube-dl](irc://chat.freenode.net/#youtube-dl) on freenode ([webchat](https://webchat.freenode.net/?randomnick=1&channels=youtube-dl)). **Please include the full output of youtube-dl when run with `-v`**, i.e. **add** `-v` flag to **your command line**, copy the **whole** output and post it in the issue body wrapped in \`\`\` for better formatting. It should look similar to this: ``` $ youtube-dl -v [debug] System config: [] [debug] User config: [] -[debug] Command-line args: [u'-v', u'http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKcj'] +[debug] Command-line args: [u'-v', u'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKcj'] [debug] Encodings: locale cp1251, fs mbcs, out cp866, pref cp1251 [debug] youtube-dl version 2015.12.06 [debug] Git HEAD: 135392e @@ -1239,7 +1405,7 @@ For bug reports, this means that your report should contain the *complete* outpu If your server has multiple IPs or you suspect censorship, adding `--call-home` may be a good idea to get more diagnostics. If the error is `ERROR: Unable to extract ...` and you cannot reproduce it from multiple countries, add `--dump-pages` (warning: this will yield a rather large output, redirect it to the file `log.txt` by adding `>log.txt 2>&1` to your command-line) or upload the `.dump` files you get when you add `--write-pages` [somewhere](https://gist.github.com/). -**Site support requests must contain an example URL**. An example URL is a URL you might want to download, like `http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc`. There should be an obvious video present. Except under very special circumstances, the main page of a video service (e.g. `http://www.youtube.com/`) is *not* an example URL. +**Site support requests must contain an example URL**. An example URL is a URL you might want to download, like `https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc`. There should be an obvious video present. Except under very special circumstances, the main page of a video service (e.g. `https://www.youtube.com/`) is *not* an example URL. ### Are you using the latest version? @@ -1247,11 +1413,11 @@ Before reporting any issue, type `youtube-dl -U`. This should report that you're ### Is the issue already documented? -Make sure that someone has not already opened the issue you're trying to open. Search at the top of the window or browse the [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/search?type=Issues) of this repository. If there is an issue, feel free to write something along the lines of "This affects me as well, with version 2015.01.01. Here is some more information on the issue: ...". While some issues may be old, a new post into them often spurs rapid activity. +Make sure that someone has not already opened the issue you're trying to open. Search at the top of the window or browse the [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/search?type=Issues) of this repository. If there is an issue, feel free to write something along the lines of "This affects me as well, with version 2015.01.01. Here is some more information on the issue: ...". While some issues may be old, a new post into them often spurs rapid activity. ### Why are existing options not enough? -Before requesting a new feature, please have a quick peek at [the list of supported options](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/README.md#options). Many feature requests are for features that actually exist already! Please, absolutely do show off your work in the issue report and detail how the existing similar options do *not* solve your problem. +Before requesting a new feature, please have a quick peek at [the list of supported options](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/blob/master/README.md#options). Many feature requests are for features that actually exist already! Please, absolutely do show off your work in the issue report and detail how the existing similar options do *not* solve your problem. ### Is there enough context in your bug report?