+.TH "YOUTUBE\-DL" "1" "" "" ""
+.SH NAME
+.PP
+youtube\-dl \- download videos from youtube.com or other video platforms
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.PP
+\f[B]youtube\-dl\f[] [OPTIONS] URL [URL...]
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.PP
+\f[B]youtube\-dl\f[] is a command\-line program to download videos from
+YouTube.com and a few more sites.
+It requires the Python interpreter, version 2.6, 2.7, or 3.2+, and it is
+not platform specific.
+It should work on your Unix box, on Windows or on Mac OS X.
+It is released to the public domain, which means you can modify it,
+redistribute it or use it however you like.
+.SH OPTIONS
+.TP
+.B \-h, \-\-help
+Print this help text and exit
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-version
+Print program version and exit
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-U, \-\-update
+Update this program to latest version.
+Make sure that you have sufficient permissions (run with sudo if needed)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-i, \-\-ignore\-errors
+Continue on download errors, for example to skip unavailable videos in a
+playlist
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-abort\-on\-error
+Abort downloading of further videos (in the playlist or the command
+line) if an error occurs
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-dump\-user\-agent
+Display the current browser identification
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-list\-extractors
+List all supported extractors
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-extractor\-descriptions
+Output descriptions of all supported extractors
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-force\-generic\-extractor
+Force extraction to use the generic extractor
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-default\-search \f[I]PREFIX\f[]
+Use this prefix for unqualified URLs.
+For example "gvsearch2:" downloads two videos from google videos for
+youtube\-dl "large apple".
+Use the value "auto" to let youtube\-dl guess ("auto_warning" to emit a
+warning when guessing).
+"error" just throws an error.
+The default value "fixup_error" repairs broken URLs, but emits an error
+if this is not possible instead of searching.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-ignore\-config
+Do not read configuration files.
+When given in the global configuration file /etc/youtube\-dl.conf: Do
+not read the user configuration in ~/.config/youtube\- dl/config
+(%APPDATA%/youtube\-dl/config.txt on Windows)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-config\-location \f[I]PATH\f[]
+Location of the configuration file; either the path to the config or its
+containing directory.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-flat\-playlist
+Do not extract the videos of a playlist, only list them.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-mark\-watched
+Mark videos watched (YouTube only)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-mark\-watched
+Do not mark videos watched (YouTube only)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-color
+Do not emit color codes in output
+.RS
+.RE
+.SS Network Options:
+.TP
+.B \-\-proxy \f[I]URL\f[]
+Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS proxy.
+To enable experimental SOCKS proxy, specify a proper scheme.
+For example socks5://127.0.0.1:1080/.
+Pass in an empty string (\-\-proxy "") for direct connection
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-socket\-timeout \f[I]SECONDS\f[]
+Time to wait before giving up, in seconds
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-source\-address \f[I]IP\f[]
+Client\-side IP address to bind to
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-4, \-\-force\-ipv4
+Make all connections via IPv4
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-6, \-\-force\-ipv6
+Make all connections via IPv6
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-geo\-verification\-proxy \f[I]URL\f[]
+Use this proxy to verify the IP address for some geo\-restricted sites.
+The default proxy specified by \-\-proxy (or none, if the options is not
+present) is used for the actual downloading.
+.RS
+.RE
+.SS Video Selection:
+.TP
+.B \-\-playlist\-start \f[I]NUMBER\f[]
+Playlist video to start at (default is 1)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-playlist\-end \f[I]NUMBER\f[]
+Playlist video to end at (default is last)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-playlist\-items \f[I]ITEM_SPEC\f[]
+Playlist video items to download.
+Specify indices of the videos in the playlist separated by commas like:
+"\-\-playlist\-items 1,2,5,8" if you want to download videos indexed 1,
+2, 5, 8 in the playlist.
+You can specify range: "\-\-playlist\-items 1\-3,7,10\-13", it will
+download the videos at index 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 13.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-match\-title \f[I]REGEX\f[]
+Download only matching titles (regex or caseless sub\-string)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-reject\-title \f[I]REGEX\f[]
+Skip download for matching titles (regex or caseless sub\-string)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-max\-downloads \f[I]NUMBER\f[]
+Abort after downloading NUMBER files
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-min\-filesize \f[I]SIZE\f[]
+Do not download any videos smaller than SIZE (e.g.
+50k or 44.6m)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-max\-filesize \f[I]SIZE\f[]
+Do not download any videos larger than SIZE (e.g.
+50k or 44.6m)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-date \f[I]DATE\f[]
+Download only videos uploaded in this date
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-datebefore \f[I]DATE\f[]
+Download only videos uploaded on or before this date (i.e.
+inclusive)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-dateafter \f[I]DATE\f[]
+Download only videos uploaded on or after this date (i.e.
+inclusive)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-min\-views \f[I]COUNT\f[]
+Do not download any videos with less than COUNT views
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-max\-views \f[I]COUNT\f[]
+Do not download any videos with more than COUNT views
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-match\-filter \f[I]FILTER\f[]
+Generic video filter.
+Specify any key (see help for \-o for a list of available keys) to match
+if the key is present, !key to check if the key is not present,key >
+NUMBER (like "comment_count > 12", also works with >=, <, <=, !=, =) to
+compare against a number, and & to require multiple matches.
+Values which are not known are excluded unless you put a question mark
+(?) after the operator.For example, to only match videos that have been
+liked more than 100 times and disliked less than 50 times (or the
+dislike functionality is not available at the given service), but who
+also have a description, use \-\-match\-filter "like_count > 100 &
+dislike_count <?
+50 & description" .
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-playlist
+Download only the video, if the URL refers to a video and a playlist.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-yes\-playlist
+Download the playlist, if the URL refers to a video and a playlist.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-age\-limit \f[I]YEARS\f[]
+Download only videos suitable for the given age
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-download\-archive \f[I]FILE\f[]
+Download only videos not listed in the archive file.
+Record the IDs of all downloaded videos in it.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-include\-ads
+Download advertisements as well (experimental)
+.RS
+.RE
+.SS Download Options:
+.TP
+.B \-r, \-\-limit\-rate \f[I]RATE\f[]
+Maximum download rate in bytes per second (e.g.
+50K or 4.2M)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-R, \-\-retries \f[I]RETRIES\f[]
+Number of retries (default is 10), or "infinite".
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-fragment\-retries \f[I]RETRIES\f[]
+Number of retries for a fragment (default is 10), or "infinite" (DASH
+and hlsnative only)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-skip\-unavailable\-fragments
+Skip unavailable fragments (DASH and hlsnative only)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-abort\-on\-unavailable\-fragment
+Abort downloading when some fragment is not available
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-buffer\-size \f[I]SIZE\f[]
+Size of download buffer (e.g.
+1024 or 16K) (default is 1024)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-resize\-buffer
+Do not automatically adjust the buffer size.
+By default, the buffer size is automatically resized from an initial
+value of SIZE.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-playlist\-reverse
+Download playlist videos in reverse order
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-playlist\-random
+Download playlist videos in random order
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-xattr\-set\-filesize
+Set file xattribute ytdl.filesize with expected file size (experimental)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-hls\-prefer\-native
+Use the native HLS downloader instead of ffmpeg
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-hls\-prefer\-ffmpeg
+Use ffmpeg instead of the native HLS downloader
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-hls\-use\-mpegts
+Use the mpegts container for HLS videos, allowing to play the video
+while downloading (some players may not be able to play it)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-external\-downloader \f[I]COMMAND\f[]
+Use the specified external downloader.
+Currently supports aria2c,avconv,axel,curl,ffmpeg,httpie,wget
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-external\-downloader\-args \f[I]ARGS\f[]
+Give these arguments to the external downloader
+.RS
+.RE
+.SS Filesystem Options:
+.TP
+.B \-a, \-\-batch\-file \f[I]FILE\f[]
+File containing URLs to download (\[aq]\-\[aq] for stdin)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-id
+Use only video ID in file name
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-o, \-\-output \f[I]TEMPLATE\f[]
+Output filename template, see the "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for all the info
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-autonumber\-size \f[I]NUMBER\f[]
+Specify the number of digits in %(autonumber)s when it is present in
+output filename template or \-\-auto\-number option is given (default is
+5)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-autonumber\-start \f[I]NUMBER\f[]
+Specify the start value for %(autonumber)s (default is 1)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-restrict\-filenames
+Restrict filenames to only ASCII characters, and avoid "&" and spaces in
+filenames
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-A, \-\-auto\-number
+[deprecated; use \-o "%(autonumber)s\-%(title)s.%(ext)s" ] Number
+downloaded files starting from 00000
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-t, \-\-title
+[deprecated] Use title in file name (default)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-l, \-\-literal
+[deprecated] Alias of \-\-title
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-w, \-\-no\-overwrites
+Do not overwrite files
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-c, \-\-continue
+Force resume of partially downloaded files.
+By default, youtube\-dl will resume downloads if possible.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-continue
+Do not resume partially downloaded files (restart from beginning)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-part
+Do not use .part files \- write directly into output file
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-mtime
+Do not use the Last\-modified header to set the file modification time
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-write\-description
+Write video description to a .description file
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-write\-info\-json
+Write video metadata to a .info.json file
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-write\-annotations
+Write video annotations to a .annotations.xml file
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-load\-info\-json \f[I]FILE\f[]
+JSON file containing the video information (created with the
+"\-\-write\-info\-json" option)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-cookies \f[I]FILE\f[]
+File to read cookies from and dump cookie jar in
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-cache\-dir \f[I]DIR\f[]
+Location in the filesystem where youtube\-dl can store some downloaded
+information permanently.
+By default $XDG_CACHE_HOME/youtube\-dl or ~/.cache/youtube\-dl .
+At the moment, only YouTube player files (for videos with obfuscated
+signatures) are cached, but that may change.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-cache\-dir
+Disable filesystem caching
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-rm\-cache\-dir
+Delete all filesystem cache files
+.RS
+.RE
+.SS Thumbnail images:
+.TP
+.B \-\-write\-thumbnail
+Write thumbnail image to disk
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-write\-all\-thumbnails
+Write all thumbnail image formats to disk
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-list\-thumbnails
+Simulate and list all available thumbnail formats
+.RS
+.RE
+.SS Verbosity / Simulation Options:
+.TP
+.B \-q, \-\-quiet
+Activate quiet mode
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-warnings
+Ignore warnings
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-s, \-\-simulate
+Do not download the video and do not write anything to disk
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-skip\-download
+Do not download the video
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-g, \-\-get\-url
+Simulate, quiet but print URL
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-e, \-\-get\-title
+Simulate, quiet but print title
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-get\-id
+Simulate, quiet but print id
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-get\-thumbnail
+Simulate, quiet but print thumbnail URL
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-get\-description
+Simulate, quiet but print video description
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-get\-duration
+Simulate, quiet but print video length
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-get\-filename
+Simulate, quiet but print output filename
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-get\-format
+Simulate, quiet but print output format
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-j, \-\-dump\-json
+Simulate, quiet but print JSON information.
+See \-\-output for a description of available keys.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-J, \-\-dump\-single\-json
+Simulate, quiet but print JSON information for each command\-line
+argument.
+If the URL refers to a playlist, dump the whole playlist information in
+a single line.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-print\-json
+Be quiet and print the video information as JSON (video is still being
+downloaded).
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-newline
+Output progress bar as new lines
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-progress
+Do not print progress bar
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-console\-title
+Display progress in console titlebar
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-v, \-\-verbose
+Print various debugging information
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-dump\-pages
+Print downloaded pages encoded using base64 to debug problems (very
+verbose)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-write\-pages
+Write downloaded intermediary pages to files in the current directory to
+debug problems
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-print\-traffic
+Display sent and read HTTP traffic
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-C, \-\-call\-home
+Contact the youtube\-dl server for debugging
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-call\-home
+Do NOT contact the youtube\-dl server for debugging
+.RS
+.RE
+.SS Workarounds:
+.TP
+.B \-\-encoding \f[I]ENCODING\f[]
+Force the specified encoding (experimental)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-check\-certificate
+Suppress HTTPS certificate validation
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-prefer\-insecure
+Use an unencrypted connection to retrieve information about the video.
+(Currently supported only for YouTube)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-user\-agent \f[I]UA\f[]
+Specify a custom user agent
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-referer \f[I]URL\f[]
+Specify a custom referer, use if the video access is restricted to one
+domain
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-add\-header \f[I]FIELD:VALUE\f[]
+Specify a custom HTTP header and its value, separated by a colon
+\[aq]:\[aq].
+You can use this option multiple times
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-bidi\-workaround
+Work around terminals that lack bidirectional text support.
+Requires bidiv or fribidi executable in PATH
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-sleep\-interval \f[I]SECONDS\f[]
+Number of seconds to sleep before each download when used alone or a
+lower bound of a range for randomized sleep before each download
+(minimum possible number of seconds to sleep) when used along with
+\-\-max\-sleep\-interval.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-max\-sleep\-interval \f[I]SECONDS\f[]
+Upper bound of a range for randomized sleep before each download
+(maximum possible number of seconds to sleep).
+Must only be used along with \-\-min\-sleep\-interval.
+.RS
+.RE
+.SS Video Format Options:
+.TP
+.B \-f, \-\-format \f[I]FORMAT\f[]
+Video format code, see the "FORMAT SELECTION" for all the info
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-all\-formats
+Download all available video formats
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-prefer\-free\-formats
+Prefer free video formats unless a specific one is requested
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-F, \-\-list\-formats
+List all available formats of requested videos
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-youtube\-skip\-dash\-manifest
+Do not download the DASH manifests and related data on YouTube videos
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-merge\-output\-format \f[I]FORMAT\f[]
+If a merge is required (e.g.
+bestvideo+bestaudio), output to given container format.
+One of mkv, mp4, ogg, webm, flv.
+Ignored if no merge is required
+.RS
+.RE
+.SS Subtitle Options:
+.TP
+.B \-\-write\-sub
+Write subtitle file
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-write\-auto\-sub
+Write automatically generated subtitle file (YouTube only)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-all\-subs
+Download all the available subtitles of the video
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-list\-subs
+List all available subtitles for the video
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-sub\-format \f[I]FORMAT\f[]
+Subtitle format, accepts formats preference, for example: "srt" or
+"ass/srt/best"
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-sub\-lang \f[I]LANGS\f[]
+Languages of the subtitles to download (optional) separated by commas,
+use \-\-list\- subs for available language tags
+.RS
+.RE
+.SS Authentication Options:
+.TP
+.B \-u, \-\-username \f[I]USERNAME\f[]
+Login with this account ID
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-p, \-\-password \f[I]PASSWORD\f[]
+Account password.
+If this option is left out, youtube\-dl will ask interactively.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-2, \-\-twofactor \f[I]TWOFACTOR\f[]
+Two\-factor authentication code
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-n, \-\-netrc
+Use .netrc authentication data
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-video\-password \f[I]PASSWORD\f[]
+Video password (vimeo, smotri, youku)
+.RS
+.RE
+.SS Adobe Pass Options:
+.TP
+.B \-\-ap\-mso \f[I]MSO\f[]
+Adobe Pass multiple\-system operator (TV provider) identifier, use
+\-\-ap\-list\-mso for a list of available MSOs
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-ap\-username \f[I]USERNAME\f[]
+Multiple\-system operator account login
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-ap\-password \f[I]PASSWORD\f[]
+Multiple\-system operator account password.
+If this option is left out, youtube\-dl will ask interactively.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-ap\-list\-mso
+List all supported multiple\-system operators
+.RS
+.RE
+.SS Post\-processing Options:
+.TP
+.B \-x, \-\-extract\-audio
+Convert video files to audio\-only files (requires ffmpeg or avconv and
+ffprobe or avprobe)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-audio\-format \f[I]FORMAT\f[]
+Specify audio format: "best", "aac", "vorbis", "mp3", "m4a", "opus", or
+"wav"; "best" by default; No effect without \-x
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-audio\-quality \f[I]QUALITY\f[]
+Specify ffmpeg/avconv audio quality, insert a value between 0 (better)
+and 9 (worse) for VBR or a specific bitrate like 128K (default 5)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-recode\-video \f[I]FORMAT\f[]
+Encode the video to another format if necessary (currently supported:
+mp4|flv|ogg|webm|mkv|avi)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-postprocessor\-args \f[I]ARGS\f[]
+Give these arguments to the postprocessor
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-k, \-\-keep\-video
+Keep the video file on disk after the post\- processing; the video is
+erased by default
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-post\-overwrites
+Do not overwrite post\-processed files; the post\-processed files are
+overwritten by default
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-embed\-subs
+Embed subtitles in the video (only for mp4, webm and mkv videos)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-embed\-thumbnail
+Embed thumbnail in the audio as cover art
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-add\-metadata
+Write metadata to the video file
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-metadata\-from\-title \f[I]FORMAT\f[]
+Parse additional metadata like song title / artist from the video title.
+The format syntax is the same as \-\-output, the parsed parameters
+replace existing values.
+Additional templates: %(album)s, %(artist)s.
+Example: \-\-metadata\-from\-title "%(artist)s \- %(title)s" matches a
+title like "Coldplay \- Paradise"
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-xattrs
+Write metadata to the video file\[aq]s xattrs (using dublin core and xdg
+standards)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-fixup \f[I]POLICY\f[]
+Automatically correct known faults of the file.
+One of never (do nothing), warn (only emit a warning), detect_or_warn
+(the default; fix file if we can, warn otherwise)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-prefer\-avconv
+Prefer avconv over ffmpeg for running the postprocessors (default)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-prefer\-ffmpeg
+Prefer ffmpeg over avconv for running the postprocessors
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-ffmpeg\-location \f[I]PATH\f[]
+Location of the ffmpeg/avconv binary; either the path to the binary or
+its containing directory.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-exec \f[I]CMD\f[]
+Execute a command on the file after downloading, similar to find\[aq]s
+\-exec syntax.
+Example: \-\-exec \[aq]adb push {} /sdcard/Music/ && rm {}\[aq]
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-convert\-subs \f[I]FORMAT\f[]
+Convert the subtitles to other format (currently supported: srt|ass|vtt)
+.RS
+.RE
+.SH CONFIGURATION
+.PP
+You can configure youtube\-dl by placing any supported command line
+option to a configuration file.
+On Linux and OS X, the system wide configuration file is located at
+\f[C]/etc/youtube\-dl.conf\f[] and the user wide configuration file at
+\f[C]~/.config/youtube\-dl/config\f[].
+On Windows, the user wide configuration file locations are
+\f[C]%APPDATA%\\youtube\-dl\\config.txt\f[] or
+\f[C]C:\\Users\\<user\ name>\\youtube\-dl.conf\f[].
+Note that by default configuration file may not exist so you may need to
+create it yourself.
+.PP
+For example, with the following configuration file youtube\-dl will
+always extract the audio, not copy the mtime, use a proxy and save all
+videos under \f[C]Movies\f[] directory in your home directory:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+#\ Lines\ starting\ with\ #\ are\ comments
+
+#\ Always\ extract\ audio
+\-x
+
+#\ Do\ not\ copy\ the\ mtime
+\-\-no\-mtime
+
+#\ Use\ this\ proxy
+\-\-proxy\ 127.0.0.1:3128
+
+#\ Save\ all\ videos\ under\ Movies\ directory\ in\ your\ home\ directory
+\-o\ ~/Movies/%(title)s.%(ext)s
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Note that options in configuration file are just the same options aka
+switches used in regular command line calls thus there \f[B]must be no
+whitespace\f[] after \f[C]\-\f[] or \f[C]\-\-\f[], e.g.
+\f[C]\-o\f[] or \f[C]\-\-proxy\f[] but not \f[C]\-\ o\f[] or
+\f[C]\-\-\ proxy\f[].
+.PP
+You can use \f[C]\-\-ignore\-config\f[] if you want to disable the
+configuration file for a particular youtube\-dl run.
+.PP
+You can also use \f[C]\-\-config\-location\f[] if you want to use custom
+configuration file for a particular youtube\-dl run.
+.SS Authentication with \f[C]\&.netrc\f[] file
+.PP
+You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for
+extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password
+with \f[C]\-\-username\f[] and \f[C]\-\-password\f[]) in order not to
+pass credentials as command line arguments on every youtube\-dl
+execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command
+history.
+You can achieve this using a \f[C]\&.netrc\f[]
+file (http://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on a per extractor
+basis.
+For that you will need to create a \f[C]\&.netrc\f[] file in your
+\f[C]$HOME\f[] and restrict permissions to read/write by only you:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+touch\ $HOME/.netrc
+chmod\ a\-rwx,u+rw\ $HOME/.netrc
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+After that you can add credentials for an extractor in the following
+format, where \f[I]extractor\f[] is the name of the extractor in
+lowercase:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+machine\ <extractor>\ login\ <login>\ password\ <password>
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+For example:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+machine\ youtube\ login\ myaccount\@gmail.com\ password\ my_youtube_password
+machine\ twitch\ login\ my_twitch_account_name\ password\ my_twitch_password
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+To activate authentication with the \f[C]\&.netrc\f[] file you should
+pass \f[C]\-\-netrc\f[] to youtube\-dl or place it in the configuration
+file (#configuration).
+.PP
+On Windows you may also need to setup the \f[C]%HOME%\f[] environment
+variable manually.
+.SH OUTPUT TEMPLATE
+.PP
+The \f[C]\-o\f[] option allows users to indicate a template for the
+output file names.
+.PP
+\f[B]tl;dr:\f[] navigate me to examples (#output-template-examples).
+.PP
+The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a
+single file, like in
+\f[C]youtube\-dl\ \-o\ funny_video.flv\ "http://some/video"\f[].
+However, it may contain special sequences that will be replaced when
+downloading each video.
+The special sequences have the format \f[C]%(NAME)s\f[].
+To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in parentheses,
+followed by a lowercase S.
+Allowed names are:
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]id\f[]: Video identifier
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]title\f[]: Video title
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]url\f[]: Video URL
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]ext\f[]: Video filename extension
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]alt_title\f[]: A secondary title of the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]display_id\f[]: An alternative identifier for the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]uploader\f[]: Full name of the video uploader
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]license\f[]: License name the video is licensed under
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]creator\f[]: The creator of the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]release_date\f[]: The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was released
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]timestamp\f[]: UNIX timestamp of the moment the video became
+available
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]upload_date\f[]: Video upload date (YYYYMMDD)
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]uploader_id\f[]: Nickname or id of the video uploader
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]location\f[]: Physical location where the video was filmed
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]duration\f[]: Length of the video in seconds
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]view_count\f[]: How many users have watched the video on the
+platform
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]like_count\f[]: Number of positive ratings of the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]dislike_count\f[]: Number of negative ratings of the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]repost_count\f[]: Number of reposts of the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]average_rating\f[]: Average rating give by users, the scale used
+depends on the webpage
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]comment_count\f[]: Number of comments on the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]age_limit\f[]: Age restriction for the video (years)
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]format\f[]: A human\-readable description of the format
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]format_id\f[]: Format code specified by \f[C]\-\-format\f[]
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]format_note\f[]: Additional info about the format
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]width\f[]: Width of the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]height\f[]: Height of the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]resolution\f[]: Textual description of width and height
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]tbr\f[]: Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]abr\f[]: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]acodec\f[]: Name of the audio codec in use
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]asr\f[]: Audio sampling rate in Hertz
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]vbr\f[]: Average video bitrate in KBit/s
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]fps\f[]: Frame rate
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]vcodec\f[]: Name of the video codec in use
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]container\f[]: Name of the container format
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]filesize\f[]: The number of bytes, if known in advance
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]filesize_approx\f[]: An estimate for the number of bytes
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]protocol\f[]: The protocol that will be used for the actual
+download
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]extractor\f[]: Name of the extractor
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]extractor_key\f[]: Key name of the extractor
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]epoch\f[]: Unix epoch when creating the file
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]autonumber\f[]: Five\-digit number that will be increased with each
+download, starting at zero
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]playlist\f[]: Name or id of the playlist that contains the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]playlist_index\f[]: Index of the video in the playlist padded with
+leading zeros according to the total length of the playlist
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]playlist_id\f[]: Playlist identifier
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]playlist_title\f[]: Playlist title
+.PP
+Available for the video that belongs to some logical chapter or section:
+\- \f[C]chapter\f[]: Name or title of the chapter the video belongs to
+\- \f[C]chapter_number\f[]: Number of the chapter the video belongs to
+\- \f[C]chapter_id\f[]: Id of the chapter the video belongs to
+.PP
+Available for the video that is an episode of some series or programme:
+\- \f[C]series\f[]: Title of the series or programme the video episode
+belongs to \- \f[C]season\f[]: Title of the season the video episode
+belongs to \- \f[C]season_number\f[]: Number of the season the video
+episode belongs to \- \f[C]season_id\f[]: Id of the season the video
+episode belongs to \- \f[C]episode\f[]: Title of the video episode \-
+\f[C]episode_number\f[]: Number of the video episode within a season \-
+\f[C]episode_id\f[]: Id of the video episode
+.PP
+Available for the media that is a track or a part of a music album: \-
+\f[C]track\f[]: Title of the track \- \f[C]track_number\f[]: Number of
+the track within an album or a disc \- \f[C]track_id\f[]: Id of the
+track \- \f[C]artist\f[]: Artist(s) of the track \- \f[C]genre\f[]:
+Genre(s) of the track \- \f[C]album\f[]: Title of the album the track
+belongs to \- \f[C]album_type\f[]: Type of the album \-
+\f[C]album_artist\f[]: List of all artists appeared on the album \-
+\f[C]disc_number\f[]: Number of the disc or other physical medium the
+track belongs to \- \f[C]release_year\f[]: Year (YYYY) when the album
+was released
+.PP
+Each aforementioned sequence when referenced in an output template will
+be replaced by the actual value corresponding to the sequence name.
+Note that some of the sequences are not guaranteed to be present since
+they depend on the metadata obtained by a particular extractor.
+Such sequences will be replaced with \f[C]NA\f[].
+.PP
+For example for \f[C]\-o\ %(title)s\-%(id)s.%(ext)s\f[] and an mp4 video
+with title \f[C]youtube\-dl\ test\ video\f[] and id
+\f[C]BaW_jenozKcj\f[], this will result in a
+\f[C]youtube\-dl\ test\ video\-BaW_jenozKcj.mp4\f[] file created in the
+current directory.
+.PP
+Output templates can also contain arbitrary hierarchical path, e.g.
+\f[C]\-o\ \[aq]%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s\ \-\ %(title)s.%(ext)s\[aq]\f[]
+which will result in downloading each video in a directory corresponding
+to this path template.
+Any missing directory will be automatically created for you.
+.PP
+To use percent literals in an output template use \f[C]%%\f[].
+To output to stdout use \f[C]\-o\ \-\f[].
+.PP
+The current default template is \f[C]%(title)s\-%(id)s.%(ext)s\f[].
+.PP
+In some cases, you don\[aq]t want special characters such as 中, spaces,
+or &, such as when transferring the downloaded filename to a Windows
+system or the filename through an 8bit\-unsafe channel.
+In these cases, add the \f[C]\-\-restrict\-filenames\f[] flag to get a
+shorter title:
+.SS Output template and Windows batch files
+.PP
+If you are using an output template inside a Windows batch file then you
+must escape plain percent characters (\f[C]%\f[]) by doubling, so that
+\f[C]\-o\ "%(title)s\-%(id)s.%(ext)s"\f[] should become
+\f[C]\-o\ "%%(title)s\-%%(id)s.%%(ext)s"\f[].
+However you should not touch \f[C]%\f[]\[aq]s that are not plain
+characters, e.g.
+environment variables for expansion should stay intact:
+\f[C]\-o\ "C:\\%HOMEPATH%\\Desktop\\%%(title)s.%%(ext)s"\f[].
+.SS Output template examples
+.PP
+Note on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single.
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-\-get\-filename\ \-o\ \[aq]%(title)s.%(ext)s\[aq]\ BaW_jenozKc
+youtube\-dl\ test\ video\ \[aq]\[aq]_ä↭𝕐.mp4\ \ \ \ #\ All\ kinds\ of\ weird\ characters
+
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-\-get\-filename\ \-o\ \[aq]%(title)s.%(ext)s\[aq]\ BaW_jenozKc\ \-\-restrict\-filenames
+youtube\-dl_test_video_.mp4\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ A\ simple\ file\ name
+
+#\ Download\ YouTube\ playlist\ videos\ in\ separate\ directory\ indexed\ by\ video\ order\ in\ a\ playlist
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-o\ \[aq]%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s\ \-\ %(title)s.%(ext)s\[aq]\ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re
+
+#\ Download\ all\ playlists\ of\ YouTube\ channel/user\ keeping\ each\ playlist\ in\ separate\ directory:
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-o\ \[aq]%(uploader)s/%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s\ \-\ %(title)s.%(ext)s\[aq]\ https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation/playlists
+
+#\ Download\ Udemy\ course\ keeping\ each\ chapter\ in\ separate\ directory\ under\ MyVideos\ directory\ in\ your\ home
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-u\ user\ \-p\ password\ \-o\ \[aq]~/MyVideos/%(playlist)s/%(chapter_number)s\ \-\ %(chapter)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s\[aq]\ https://www.udemy.com/java\-tutorial/
+
+#\ Download\ entire\ series\ season\ keeping\ each\ series\ and\ each\ season\ in\ separate\ directory\ under\ C:/MyVideos
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-o\ "C:/MyVideos/%(series)s/%(season_number)s\ \-\ %(season)s/%(episode_number)s\ \-\ %(episode)s.%(ext)s"\ http://videomore.ru/kino_v_detalayah/5_sezon/367617
+
+#\ Stream\ the\ video\ being\ downloaded\ to\ stdout
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-o\ \-\ BaW_jenozKc
+\f[]
+.fi
+.SH FORMAT SELECTION
+.PP
+By default youtube\-dl tries to download the best available quality,
+i.e.
+if you want the best quality you \f[B]don\[aq]t need\f[] to pass any
+special options, youtube\-dl will guess it for you by \f[B]default\f[].
+.PP
+But sometimes you may want to download in a different format, for
+example when you are on a slow or intermittent connection.
+The key mechanism for achieving this is so\-called \f[I]format
+selection\f[] based on which you can explicitly specify desired format,
+select formats based on some criterion or criteria, setup precedence and
+much more.
+.PP
+The general syntax for format selection is \f[C]\-\-format\ FORMAT\f[]
+or shorter \f[C]\-f\ FORMAT\f[] where \f[C]FORMAT\f[] is a \f[I]selector
+expression\f[], i.e.
+an expression that describes format or formats you would like to
+download.
+.PP
+\f[B]tl;dr:\f[] navigate me to examples (#format-selection-examples).
+.PP
+The simplest case is requesting a specific format, for example with
+\f[C]\-f\ 22\f[] you can download the format with format code equal to
+22.
+You can get the list of available format codes for particular video
+using \f[C]\-\-list\-formats\f[] or \f[C]\-F\f[].
+Note that these format codes are extractor specific.
+.PP
+You can also use a file extension (currently \f[C]3gp\f[], \f[C]aac\f[],
+\f[C]flv\f[], \f[C]m4a\f[], \f[C]mp3\f[], \f[C]mp4\f[], \f[C]ogg\f[],
+\f[C]wav\f[], \f[C]webm\f[] are supported) to download the best quality
+format of a particular file extension served as a single file, e.g.
+\f[C]\-f\ webm\f[] will download the best quality format with the
+\f[C]webm\f[] extension served as a single file.
+.PP
+You can also use special names to select particular edge case formats:
+\- \f[C]best\f[]: Select the best quality format represented by a single
+file with video and audio.
+\- \f[C]worst\f[]: Select the worst quality format represented by a
+single file with video and audio.
+\- \f[C]bestvideo\f[]: Select the best quality video\-only format (e.g.
+DASH video).
+May not be available.
+\- \f[C]worstvideo\f[]: Select the worst quality video\-only format.
+May not be available.
+\- \f[C]bestaudio\f[]: Select the best quality audio only\-format.
+May not be available.
+\- \f[C]worstaudio\f[]: Select the worst quality audio only\-format.
+May not be available.
+.PP
+For example, to download the worst quality video\-only format you can
+use \f[C]\-f\ worstvideo\f[].
+.PP
+If you want to download multiple videos and they don\[aq]t have the same
+formats available, you can specify the order of preference using
+slashes.
+Note that slash is left\-associative, i.e.
+formats on the left hand side are preferred, for example
+\f[C]\-f\ 22/17/18\f[] will download format 22 if it\[aq]s available,
+otherwise it will download format 17 if it\[aq]s available, otherwise it
+will download format 18 if it\[aq]s available, otherwise it will
+complain that no suitable formats are available for download.
+.PP
+If you want to download several formats of the same video use a comma as
+a separator, e.g.
+\f[C]\-f\ 22,17,18\f[] will download all these three formats, of course
+if they are available.
+Or a more sophisticated example combined with the precedence feature:
+\f[C]\-f\ 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio\f[].
+.PP
+You can also filter the video formats by putting a condition in
+brackets, as in \f[C]\-f\ "best[height=720]"\f[] (or
+\f[C]\-f\ "[filesize>10M]"\f[]).
+.PP
+The following numeric meta fields can be used with comparisons
+\f[C]<\f[], \f[C]<=\f[], \f[C]>\f[], \f[C]>=\f[], \f[C]=\f[] (equals),
+\f[C]!=\f[] (not equals): \- \f[C]filesize\f[]: The number of bytes, if
+known in advance \- \f[C]width\f[]: Width of the video, if known \-
+\f[C]height\f[]: Height of the video, if known \- \f[C]tbr\f[]: Average
+bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s \- \f[C]abr\f[]: Average audio
+bitrate in KBit/s \- \f[C]vbr\f[]: Average video bitrate in KBit/s \-
+\f[C]asr\f[]: Audio sampling rate in Hertz \- \f[C]fps\f[]: Frame rate
+.PP
+Also filtering work for comparisons \f[C]=\f[] (equals), \f[C]!=\f[]
+(not equals), \f[C]^=\f[] (begins with), \f[C]$=\f[] (ends with),
+\f[C]*=\f[] (contains) and following string meta fields: \-
+\f[C]ext\f[]: File extension \- \f[C]acodec\f[]: Name of the audio codec
+in use \- \f[C]vcodec\f[]: Name of the video codec in use \-
+\f[C]container\f[]: Name of the container format \- \f[C]protocol\f[]:
+The protocol that will be used for the actual download, lower\-case
+(\f[C]http\f[], \f[C]https\f[], \f[C]rtsp\f[], \f[C]rtmp\f[],
+\f[C]rtmpe\f[], \f[C]mms\f[], \f[C]f4m\f[], \f[C]ism\f[], \f[C]m3u8\f[],
+or \f[C]m3u8_native\f[]) \- \f[C]format_id\f[]: A short description of
+the format
+.PP
+Note that none of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be
+present since this solely depends on the metadata obtained by particular
+extractor, i.e.
+the metadata offered by the video hoster.
+.PP
+Formats for which the value is not known are excluded unless you put a
+question mark (\f[C]?\f[]) after the operator.
+You can combine format filters, so
+\f[C]\-f\ "[height\ <=?\ 720][tbr>500]"\f[] selects up to 720p videos
+(or videos where the height is not known) with a bitrate of at least 500
+KBit/s.
+.PP
+You can merge the video and audio of two formats into a single file
+using \f[C]\-f\ <video\-format>+<audio\-format>\f[] (requires ffmpeg or
+avconv installed), for example \f[C]\-f\ bestvideo+bestaudio\f[] will
+download the best video\-only format, the best audio\-only format and
+mux them together with ffmpeg/avconv.
+.PP
+Format selectors can also be grouped using parentheses, for example if
+you want to download the best mp4 and webm formats with a height lower
+than 480 you can use \f[C]\-f\ \[aq](mp4,webm)[height<480]\[aq]\f[].
+.PP
+Since the end of April 2015 and version 2015.04.26, youtube\-dl uses
+\f[C]\-f\ bestvideo+bestaudio/best\f[] as the default format selection
+(see #5447 (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/5447),
+#5456 (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/5456)).
+If ffmpeg or avconv are installed this results in downloading
+\f[C]bestvideo\f[] and \f[C]bestaudio\f[] separately and muxing them
+together into a single file giving the best overall quality available.
+Otherwise it falls back to \f[C]best\f[] and results in downloading the
+best available quality served as a single file.
+\f[C]best\f[] is also needed for videos that don\[aq]t come from YouTube
+because they don\[aq]t provide the audio and video in two different
+files.
+If you want to only download some DASH formats (for example if you are
+not interested in getting videos with a resolution higher than 1080p),
+you can add \f[C]\-f\ bestvideo[height<=?1080]+bestaudio/best\f[] to
+your configuration file.
+Note that if you use youtube\-dl to stream to \f[C]stdout\f[] (and most
+likely to pipe it to your media player then), i.e.
+you explicitly specify output template as \f[C]\-o\ \-\f[], youtube\-dl
+still uses \f[C]\-f\ best\f[] format selection in order to start content
+delivery immediately to your player and not to wait until
+\f[C]bestvideo\f[] and \f[C]bestaudio\f[] are downloaded and muxed.
+.PP
+If you want to preserve the old format selection behavior (prior to
+youtube\-dl 2015.04.26), i.e.
+you want to download the best available quality media served as a single
+file, you should explicitly specify your choice with \f[C]\-f\ best\f[].
+You may want to add it to the configuration file (#configuration) in
+order not to type it every time you run youtube\-dl.
+.SS Format selection examples
+.PP
+Note on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single.
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+#\ Download\ best\ mp4\ format\ available\ or\ any\ other\ best\ if\ no\ mp4\ available
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-f\ \[aq]bestvideo[ext=mp4]+bestaudio[ext=m4a]/best[ext=mp4]/best\[aq]
+
+#\ Download\ best\ format\ available\ but\ not\ better\ that\ 480p
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-f\ \[aq]bestvideo[height<=480]+bestaudio/best[height<=480]\[aq]
+
+#\ Download\ best\ video\ only\ format\ but\ no\ bigger\ than\ 50\ MB
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-f\ \[aq]best[filesize<50M]\[aq]
+
+#\ Download\ best\ format\ available\ via\ direct\ link\ over\ HTTP/HTTPS\ protocol
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-f\ \[aq](bestvideo+bestaudio/best)[protocol^=http]\[aq]
+
+#\ Download\ the\ best\ video\ format\ and\ the\ best\ audio\ format\ without\ merging\ them
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-f\ \[aq]bestvideo,bestaudio\[aq]\ \-o\ \[aq]%(title)s.f%(format_id)s.%(ext)s\[aq]
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Note that in the last example, an output template is recommended as
+bestvideo and bestaudio may have the same file name.
+.SH VIDEO SELECTION
+.PP
+Videos can be filtered by their upload date using the options
+\f[C]\-\-date\f[], \f[C]\-\-datebefore\f[] or \f[C]\-\-dateafter\f[].
+They accept dates in two formats:
+.IP \[bu] 2
+Absolute dates: Dates in the format \f[C]YYYYMMDD\f[].
+.IP \[bu] 2
+Relative dates: Dates in the format
+\f[C](now|today)[+\-][0\-9](day|week|month|year)(s)?\f[]
+.PP
+Examples:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+#\ Download\ only\ the\ videos\ uploaded\ in\ the\ last\ 6\ months
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-\-dateafter\ now\-6months
+
+#\ Download\ only\ the\ videos\ uploaded\ on\ January\ 1,\ 1970
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-\-date\ 19700101
+
+$\ #\ Download\ only\ the\ videos\ uploaded\ in\ the\ 200x\ decade
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-\-dateafter\ 20000101\ \-\-datebefore\ 20091231
+\f[]
+.fi
+.SH FAQ
+.SS How do I update youtube\-dl?
+.PP
+If you\[aq]ve followed our manual installation
+instructions (http://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html), you can
+simply run \f[C]youtube\-dl\ \-U\f[] (or, on Linux,
+\f[C]sudo\ youtube\-dl\ \-U\f[]).
+.PP
+If you have used pip, a simple
+\f[C]sudo\ pip\ install\ \-U\ youtube\-dl\f[] is sufficient to update.
+.PP
+If you have installed youtube\-dl using a package manager like
+\f[I]apt\-get\f[] or \f[I]yum\f[], use the standard system update
+mechanism to update.
+Note that distribution packages are often outdated.
+As a rule of thumb, youtube\-dl releases at least once a month, and
+often weekly or even daily.
+Simply go to http://yt\-dl.org/ to find out the current version.
+Unfortunately, there is nothing we youtube\-dl developers can do if your
+distribution serves a really outdated version.
+You can (and should) complain to your distribution in their bugtracker
+or support forum.
+.PP
+As a last resort, you can also uninstall the version installed by your
+package manager and follow our manual installation instructions.
+For that, remove the distribution\[aq]s package, with a line like
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+sudo\ apt\-get\ remove\ \-y\ youtube\-dl
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Afterwards, simply follow our manual installation
+instructions (http://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html):
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+sudo\ wget\ https://yt\-dl.org/latest/youtube\-dl\ \-O\ /usr/local/bin/youtube\-dl
+sudo\ chmod\ a+x\ /usr/local/bin/youtube\-dl
+hash\ \-r
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Again, from then on you\[aq]ll be able to update with
+\f[C]sudo\ youtube\-dl\ \-U\f[].
+.SS youtube\-dl is extremely slow to start on Windows
+.PP
+Add a file exclusion for \f[C]youtube\-dl.exe\f[] in Windows Defender
+settings.
+.SS I\[aq]m getting an error
+\f[C]Unable\ to\ extract\ OpenGraph\ title\f[] on YouTube playlists
+.PP
+YouTube changed their playlist format in March 2014 and later on, so
+you\[aq]ll need at least youtube\-dl 2014.07.25 to download all YouTube
+videos.
+.PP
+If you have installed youtube\-dl with a package manager, pip, setup.py
+or a tarball, please use that to update.
+Note that Ubuntu packages do not seem to get updated anymore.
+Since we are not affiliated with Ubuntu, there is little we can do.
+Feel free to report
+bugs (https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/youtube-dl/+filebug) to
+the Ubuntu packaging
+people (mailto:ubuntu-motu@lists.ubuntu.com?subject=outdated%20version%20of%20youtube-dl)
+\- all they have to do is update the package to a somewhat recent
+version.
+See above for a way to update.
+.SS I\[aq]m getting an error when trying to use output template:
+\f[C]error:\ using\ output\ template\ conflicts\ with\ using\ title,\ video\ ID\ or\ auto\ number\f[]
+.PP
+Make sure you are not using \f[C]\-o\f[] with any of these options
+\f[C]\-t\f[], \f[C]\-\-title\f[], \f[C]\-\-id\f[], \f[C]\-A\f[] or
+\f[C]\-\-auto\-number\f[] set in command line or in a configuration
+file.
+Remove the latter if any.
+.SS Do I always have to pass \f[C]\-citw\f[]?
+.PP
+By default, youtube\-dl intends to have the best options (incidentally,
+if you have a convincing case that these should be different, please
+file an issue where you explain that (https://yt-dl.org/bug)).
+Therefore, it is unnecessary and sometimes harmful to copy long option
+strings from webpages.
+In particular, the only option out of \f[C]\-citw\f[] that is regularly
+useful is \f[C]\-i\f[].
+.SS Can you please put the \f[C]\-b\f[] option back?
+.PP
+Most people asking this question are not aware that youtube\-dl now
+defaults to downloading the highest available quality as reported by
+YouTube, which will be 1080p or 720p in some cases, so you no longer
+need the \f[C]\-b\f[] option.
+For some specific videos, maybe YouTube does not report them to be
+available in a specific high quality format you\[aq]re interested in.
+In that case, simply request it with the \f[C]\-f\f[] option and
+youtube\-dl will try to download it.
+.SS I get HTTP error 402 when trying to download a video. What\[aq]s
+this?
+.PP
+Apparently YouTube requires you to pass a CAPTCHA test if you download
+too much.
+We\[aq]re considering to provide a way to let you solve the
+CAPTCHA (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/154), but at the
+moment, your best course of action is pointing a web browser to the
+youtube URL, solving the CAPTCHA, and restart youtube\-dl.
+.SS Do I need any other programs?
+.PP
+youtube\-dl works fine on its own on most sites.
+However, if you want to convert video/audio, you\[aq]ll need
+avconv (https://libav.org/) or ffmpeg (https://www.ffmpeg.org/).
+On some sites \- most notably YouTube \- videos can be retrieved in a
+higher quality format without sound.
+youtube\-dl will detect whether avconv/ffmpeg is present and
+automatically pick the best option.
+.PP
+Videos or video formats streamed via RTMP protocol can only be
+downloaded when rtmpdump (https://rtmpdump.mplayerhq.hu/) is installed.
+Downloading MMS and RTSP videos requires either
+mplayer (http://mplayerhq.hu/) or mpv (https://mpv.io/) to be installed.
+.SS I have downloaded a video but how can I play it?
+.PP
+Once the video is fully downloaded, use any video player, such as
+mpv (https://mpv.io/), vlc (http://www.videolan.org/) or
+mplayer (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/).
+.SS I extracted a video URL with \f[C]\-g\f[], but it does not play on
+another machine / in my web browser.
+.PP
+It depends a lot on the service.
+In many cases, requests for the video (to download/play it) must come
+from the same IP address and with the same cookies and/or HTTP headers.
+Use the \f[C]\-\-cookies\f[] option to write the required cookies into a
+file, and advise your downloader to read cookies from that file.
+Some sites also require a common user agent to be used, use
+\f[C]\-\-dump\-user\-agent\f[] to see the one in use by youtube\-dl.
+You can also get necessary cookies and HTTP headers from JSON output
+obtained with \f[C]\-\-dump\-json\f[].
+.PP
+It may be beneficial to use IPv6; in some cases, the restrictions are
+only applied to IPv4.
+Some services (sometimes only for a subset of videos) do not restrict
+the video URL by IP address, cookie, or user\-agent, but these are the
+exception rather than the rule.
+.PP
+Please bear in mind that some URL protocols are \f[B]not\f[] supported
+by browsers out of the box, including RTMP.
+If you are using \f[C]\-g\f[], your own downloader must support these as
+well.
+.PP
+If you want to play the video on a machine that is not running
+youtube\-dl, you can relay the video content from the machine that runs
+youtube\-dl.
+You can use \f[C]\-o\ \-\f[] to let youtube\-dl stream a video to
+stdout, or simply allow the player to download the files written by
+youtube\-dl in turn.
+.SS ERROR: no fmt_url_map or conn information found in video info
+.PP
+YouTube has switched to a new video info format in July 2011 which is
+not supported by old versions of youtube\-dl.
+See above (#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update youtube\-dl.
+.SS ERROR: unable to download video
+.PP
+YouTube requires an additional signature since September 2012 which is
+not supported by old versions of youtube\-dl.
+See above (#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update youtube\-dl.
+.SS Video URL contains an ampersand and I\[aq]m getting some strange
+output \f[C][1]\ 2839\f[] or
+\f[C]\[aq]v\[aq]\ is\ not\ recognized\ as\ an\ internal\ or\ external\ command\f[]
+.PP
+That\[aq]s actually the output from your shell.
+Since ampersand is one of the special shell characters it\[aq]s
+interpreted by the shell preventing you from passing the whole URL to
+youtube\-dl.
+To disable your shell from interpreting the ampersands (or any other
+special characters) you have to either put the whole URL in quotes or
+escape them with a backslash (which approach will work depends on your
+shell).
+.PP
+For example if your URL is
+https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc you should end up with
+following command:
+.PP
+\f[C]youtube\-dl\ \[aq]https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc\[aq]\f[]
+.PP
+or
+.PP
+\f[C]youtube\-dl\ https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4\\&v=BaW_jenozKc\f[]
+.PP
+For Windows you have to use the double quotes:
+.PP
+\f[C]youtube\-dl\ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc"\f[]
+.SS ExtractorError: Could not find JS function u\[aq]OF\[aq]
+.PP
+In February 2015, the new YouTube player contained a character sequence
+in a string that was misinterpreted by old versions of youtube\-dl.
+See above (#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update youtube\-dl.
+.SS HTTP Error 429: Too Many Requests or 402: Payment Required
+.PP
+These two error codes indicate that the service is blocking your IP
+address because of overuse.
+Contact the service and ask them to unblock your IP address, or \- if
+you have acquired a whitelisted IP address already \- use the
+\f[C]\-\-proxy\f[] or \f[C]\-\-source\-address\f[]
+options (#network-options) to select another IP address.
+.SS SyntaxError: Non\-ASCII character
+.PP
+The error
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+File\ "youtube\-dl",\ line\ 2
+SyntaxError:\ Non\-ASCII\ character\ \[aq]\\x93\[aq]\ ...
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+means you\[aq]re using an outdated version of Python.
+Please update to Python 2.6 or 2.7.
+.SS What is this binary file? Where has the code gone?
+.PP
+Since June 2012 (#342 (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/342))
+youtube\-dl is packed as an executable zipfile, simply unzip it (might
+need renaming to \f[C]youtube\-dl.zip\f[] first on some systems) or
+clone the git repository, as laid out above.
+If you modify the code, you can run it by executing the
+\f[C]__main__.py\f[] file.
+To recompile the executable, run \f[C]make\ youtube\-dl\f[].
+.SS The exe throws an error due to missing \f[C]MSVCR100.dll\f[]
+.PP
+To run the exe you need to install first the Microsoft Visual C++ 2010
+Redistributable Package
+(x86) (https://www.microsoft.com/en-US/download/details.aspx?id=5555).
+.SS On Windows, how should I set up ffmpeg and youtube\-dl? Where should
+I put the exe files?
+.PP
+If you put youtube\-dl and ffmpeg in the same directory that you\[aq]re
+running the command from, it will work, but that\[aq]s rather
+cumbersome.
+.PP
+To make a different directory work \- either for ffmpeg, or for
+youtube\-dl, or for both \- simply create the directory (say,
+\f[C]C:\\bin\f[], or \f[C]C:\\Users\\<User\ name>\\bin\f[]), put all the
+executables directly in there, and then set your PATH environment
+variable (https://www.java.com/en/download/help/path.xml) to include
+that directory.
+.PP
+From then on, after restarting your shell, you will be able to access
+both youtube\-dl and ffmpeg (and youtube\-dl will be able to find
+ffmpeg) by simply typing \f[C]youtube\-dl\f[] or \f[C]ffmpeg\f[], no
+matter what directory you\[aq]re in.
+.SS How do I put downloads into a specific folder?
+.PP
+Use the \f[C]\-o\f[] to specify an output template (#output-template),
+for example \f[C]\-o\ "/home/user/videos/%(title)s\-%(id)s.%(ext)s"\f[].
+If you want this for all of your downloads, put the option into your
+configuration file (#configuration).
+.SS How do I download a video starting with a \f[C]\-\f[]?
+.PP
+Either prepend \f[C]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=\f[] or separate the
+ID from the options with \f[C]\-\-\f[]:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+youtube\-dl\ \-\-\ \-wNyEUrxzFU
+youtube\-dl\ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=\-wNyEUrxzFU"
+\f[]
+.fi
+.SS How do I pass cookies to youtube\-dl?
+.PP
+Use the \f[C]\-\-cookies\f[] option, for example
+\f[C]\-\-cookies\ /path/to/cookies/file.txt\f[].
+.PP
+In order to extract cookies from browser use any conforming browser
+extension for exporting cookies.
+For example,
+cookies.txt (https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/cookiestxt/njabckikapfpffapmjgojcnbfjonfjfg)
+(for Chrome) or Export
+Cookies (https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/export-cookies/)
+(for Firefox).
+.PP
+Note that the cookies file must be in Mozilla/Netscape format and the
+first line of the cookies file must be either
+\f[C]#\ HTTP\ Cookie\ File\f[] or
+\f[C]#\ Netscape\ HTTP\ Cookie\ File\f[].
+Make sure you have correct newline
+format (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newline) in the cookies file and
+convert newlines if necessary to correspond with your OS, namely
+\f[C]CRLF\f[] (\f[C]\\r\\n\f[]) for Windows and \f[C]LF\f[]
+(\f[C]\\n\f[]) for Unix and Unix\-like systems (Linux, Mac OS, etc.).
+\f[C]HTTP\ Error\ 400:\ Bad\ Request\f[] when using \f[C]\-\-cookies\f[]
+is a good sign of invalid newline format.
+.PP
+Passing cookies to youtube\-dl is a good way to workaround login when a
+particular extractor does not implement it explicitly.
+Another use case is working around
+CAPTCHA (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAPTCHA) some websites require
+you to solve in particular cases in order to get access (e.g.
+YouTube, CloudFlare).
+.SS How do I stream directly to media player?
+.PP
+You will first need to tell youtube\-dl to stream media to stdout with
+\f[C]\-o\ \-\f[], and also tell your media player to read from stdin (it
+must be capable of this for streaming) and then pipe former to latter.
+For example, streaming to vlc (http://www.videolan.org/) can be achieved
+with:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+youtube\-dl\ \-o\ \-\ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKcj"\ |\ vlc\ \-
+\f[]
+.fi
+.SS How do I download only new videos from a playlist?
+.PP
+Use download\-archive feature.
+With this feature you should initially download the complete playlist
+with \f[C]\-\-download\-archive\ /path/to/download/archive/file.txt\f[]
+that will record identifiers of all the videos in a special file.
+Each subsequent run with the same \f[C]\-\-download\-archive\f[] will
+download only new videos and skip all videos that have been downloaded
+before.
+Note that only successful downloads are recorded in the file.
+.PP
+For example, at first,
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+youtube\-dl\ \-\-download\-archive\ archive.txt\ "https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re"
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+will download the complete \f[C]PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re\f[]
+playlist and create a file \f[C]archive.txt\f[].
+Each subsequent run will only download new videos if any:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+youtube\-dl\ \-\-download\-archive\ archive.txt\ "https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re"
+\f[]
+.fi
+.SS Should I add \f[C]\-\-hls\-prefer\-native\f[] into my config?
+.PP
+When youtube\-dl detects an HLS video, it can download it either with
+the built\-in downloader or ffmpeg.
+Since many HLS streams are slightly invalid and ffmpeg/youtube\-dl each
+handle some invalid cases better than the other, there is an option to
+switch the downloader if needed.
+.PP
+When youtube\-dl knows that one particular downloader works better for a
+given website, that downloader will be picked.
+Otherwise, youtube\-dl will pick the best downloader for general
+compatibility, which at the moment happens to be ffmpeg.
+This choice may change in future versions of youtube\-dl, with
+improvements of the built\-in downloader and/or ffmpeg.
+.PP
+In particular, the generic extractor (used when your website is not in
+the list of supported sites by
+youtube\-dl (http://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/supportedsites.html) cannot
+mandate one specific downloader.
+.PP
+If you put either \f[C]\-\-hls\-prefer\-native\f[] or
+\f[C]\-\-hls\-prefer\-ffmpeg\f[] into your configuration, a different
+subset of videos will fail to download correctly.
+Instead, it is much better to file an issue (https://yt-dl.org/bug) or a
+pull request which details why the native or the ffmpeg HLS downloader
+is a better choice for your use case.
+.SS Can you add support for this anime video site, or site which shows
+current movies for free?
+.PP
+As a matter of policy (as well as legality), youtube\-dl does not
+include support for services that specialize in infringing copyright.
+As a rule of thumb, if you cannot easily find a video that the service
+is quite obviously allowed to distribute (i.e.
+that has been uploaded by the creator, the creator\[aq]s distributor, or
+is published under a free license), the service is probably unfit for
+inclusion to youtube\-dl.
+.PP
+A note on the service that they don\[aq]t host the infringing content,
+but just link to those who do, is evidence that the service should
+\f[B]not\f[] be included into youtube\-dl.
+The same goes for any DMCA note when the whole front page of the service
+is filled with videos they are not allowed to distribute.
+A "fair use" note is equally unconvincing if the service shows
+copyright\-protected videos in full without authorization.
+.PP
+Support requests for services that \f[B]do\f[] purchase the rights to
+distribute their content are perfectly fine though.
+If in doubt, you can simply include a source that mentions the
+legitimate purchase of content.
+.SS How can I speed up work on my issue?
+.PP
+(Also known as: Help, my important issue not being solved!) The
+youtube\-dl core developer team is quite small.
+While we do our best to solve as many issues as possible, sometimes that
+can take quite a while.
+To speed up your issue, here\[aq]s what you can do:
+.PP
+First of all, please do report the issue at our issue
+tracker (https://yt-dl.org/bugs).
+That allows us to coordinate all efforts by users and developers, and
+serves as a unified point.
+Unfortunately, the youtube\-dl project has grown too large to use
+personal email as an effective communication channel.
+.PP
+Please read the bug reporting instructions (#bugs) below.
+A lot of bugs lack all the necessary information.
+If you can, offer proxy, VPN, or shell access to the youtube\-dl
+developers.
+If you are able to, test the issue from multiple computers in multiple
+countries to exclude local censorship or misconfiguration issues.
+.PP
+If nobody is interested in solving your issue, you are welcome to take
+matters into your own hands and submit a pull request (or coerce/pay
+somebody else to do so).
+.PP
+Feel free to bump the issue from time to time by writing a small comment
+("Issue is still present in youtube\-dl version ...from France, but
+fixed from Belgium"), but please not more than once a month.
+Please do not declare your issue as \f[C]important\f[] or
+\f[C]urgent\f[].
+.SS How can I detect whether a given URL is supported by youtube\-dl?
+.PP
+For one, have a look at the list of supported
+sites (docs/supportedsites.md).
+Note that it can sometimes happen that the site changes its URL scheme
+(say, from http://example.com/video/1234567 to
+http://example.com/v/1234567 ) and youtube\-dl reports an URL of a
+service in that list as unsupported.
+In that case, simply report a bug.
+.PP
+It is \f[I]not\f[] possible to detect whether a URL is supported or not.
+That\[aq]s because youtube\-dl contains a generic extractor which
+matches \f[B]all\f[] URLs.
+You may be tempted to disable, exclude, or remove the generic extractor,
+but the generic extractor not only allows users to extract videos from
+lots of websites that embed a video from another service, but may also
+be used to extract video from a service that it\[aq]s hosting itself.
+Therefore, we neither recommend nor support disabling, excluding, or
+removing the generic extractor.
+.PP
+If you want to find out whether a given URL is supported, simply call
+youtube\-dl with it.
+If you get no videos back, chances are the URL is either not referring
+to a video or unsupported.
+You can find out which by examining the output (if you run youtube\-dl
+on the console) or catching an \f[C]UnsupportedError\f[] exception if
+you run it from a Python program.
+.SH Why do I need to go through that much red tape when filing bugs?
+.PP
+Before we had the issue template, despite our extensive bug reporting
+instructions (#bugs), about 80% of the issue reports we got were
+useless, for instance because people used ancient versions hundreds of
+releases old, because of simple syntactic errors (not in youtube\-dl but
+in general shell usage), because the problem was already reported
+multiple times before, because people did not actually read an error
+message, even if it said "please install ffmpeg", because people did not
+mention the URL they were trying to download and many more simple,
+easy\-to\-avoid problems, many of whom were totally unrelated to
+youtube\-dl.
+.PP
+youtube\-dl is an open\-source project manned by too few volunteers, so
+we\[aq]d rather spend time fixing bugs where we are certain none of
+those simple problems apply, and where we can be reasonably confident to
+be able to reproduce the issue without asking the reporter repeatedly.
+As such, the output of \f[C]youtube\-dl\ \-v\ YOUR_URL_HERE\f[] is
+really all that\[aq]s required to file an issue.
+The issue template also guides you through some basic steps you can do,
+such as checking that your version of youtube\-dl is current.
+.SH DEVELOPER INSTRUCTIONS
+.PP
+Most users do not need to build youtube\-dl and can download the
+builds (http://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html) or get them from
+their distribution.
+.PP
+To run youtube\-dl as a developer, you don\[aq]t need to build anything
+either.
+Simply execute
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+python\ \-m\ youtube_dl
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+To run the test, simply invoke your favorite test runner, or execute a
+test file directly; any of the following work:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+python\ \-m\ unittest\ discover
+python\ test/test_download.py
+nosetests
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+If you want to create a build of youtube\-dl yourself, you\[aq]ll need
+.IP \[bu] 2
+python
+.IP \[bu] 2
+make (only GNU make is supported)
+.IP \[bu] 2
+pandoc
+.IP \[bu] 2
+zip
+.IP \[bu] 2
+nosetests
+.SS Adding support for a new site
+.PP
+If you want to add support for a new site, first of all \f[B]make
+sure\f[] this site is \f[B]not dedicated to copyright
+infringement (README.md#can-you-add-support-for-this-anime-video-site-or-site-which-shows-current-movies-for-free)\f[].
+youtube\-dl does \f[B]not support\f[] such sites thus pull requests
+adding support for them \f[B]will be rejected\f[].
+.PP
+After you have ensured this site is distributing its content legally,
+you can follow this quick list (assuming your service is called
+\f[C]yourextractor\f[]):
+.IP " 1." 4
+Fork this repository (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/fork)
+.IP " 2." 4
+Check out the source code with:
+.RS 4
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+git\ clone\ git\@github.com:YOUR_GITHUB_USERNAME/youtube\-dl.git
+\f[]
+.fi
+.RE
+.IP " 3." 4
+Start a new git branch with
+.RS 4
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+cd\ youtube\-dl
+git\ checkout\ \-b\ yourextractor
+\f[]
+.fi
+.RE
+.IP " 4." 4
+Start with this simple template and save it to
+\f[C]youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py\f[]:
+.RS 4
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+#\ coding:\ utf\-8
+from\ __future__\ import\ unicode_literals
+
+from\ .common\ import\ InfoExtractor
+
+
+class\ YourExtractorIE(InfoExtractor):
+\ \ \ \ _VALID_URL\ =\ r\[aq]https?://(?:www\\.)?yourextractor\\.com/watch/(?P<id>[0\-9]+)\[aq]
+\ \ \ \ _TEST\ =\ {
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]url\[aq]:\ \[aq]http://yourextractor.com/watch/42\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]md5\[aq]:\ \[aq]TODO:\ md5\ sum\ of\ the\ first\ 10241\ bytes\ of\ the\ video\ file\ (use\ \-\-test)\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]info_dict\[aq]:\ {
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]id\[aq]:\ \[aq]42\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]ext\[aq]:\ \[aq]mp4\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]title\[aq]:\ \[aq]Video\ title\ goes\ here\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]thumbnail\[aq]:\ r\[aq]re:^https?://.*\\.jpg$\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ TODO\ more\ properties,\ either\ as:
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ *\ A\ value
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ *\ MD5\ checksum;\ start\ the\ string\ with\ md5:
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ *\ A\ regular\ expression;\ start\ the\ string\ with\ re:
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ *\ Any\ Python\ type\ (for\ example\ int\ or\ float)
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }
+\ \ \ \ }
+
+\ \ \ \ def\ _real_extract(self,\ url):
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ video_id\ =\ self._match_id(url)
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ webpage\ =\ self._download_webpage(url,\ video_id)
+
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ TODO\ more\ code\ goes\ here,\ for\ example\ ...
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ title\ =\ self._html_search_regex(r\[aq]<h1>(.+?)</h1>\[aq],\ webpage,\ \[aq]title\[aq])
+
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ return\ {
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]id\[aq]:\ video_id,
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]title\[aq]:\ title,
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]description\[aq]:\ self._og_search_description(webpage),
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]uploader\[aq]:\ self._search_regex(r\[aq]<div[^>]+id="uploader"[^>]*>([^<]+)<\[aq],\ webpage,\ \[aq]uploader\[aq],\ fatal=False),
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ TODO\ more\ properties\ (see\ youtube_dl/extractor/common.py)
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }
+\f[]
+.fi
+.RE
+.IP " 5." 4
+Add an import in
+\f[C]youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py\f[] (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py).
+.IP " 6." 4
+Run
+\f[C]python\ test/test_download.py\ TestDownload.test_YourExtractor\f[].
+This \f[I]should fail\f[] at first, but you can continually re\-run it
+until you\[aq]re done.
+If you decide to add more than one test, then rename \f[C]_TEST\f[] to
+\f[C]_TESTS\f[] and make it into a list of dictionaries.
+The tests will then be named \f[C]TestDownload.test_YourExtractor\f[],
+\f[C]TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_1\f[],
+\f[C]TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_2\f[], etc.
+.IP " 7." 4
+Have a look at
+\f[C]youtube_dl/extractor/common.py\f[] (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py)
+for possible helper methods and a detailed description of what your
+extractor should and may
+return (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L74-L252).
+Add tests and code for as many as you want.
+.IP " 8." 4
+Make sure your code follows youtube\-dl coding
+conventions (#youtube-dl-coding-conventions) and check the code with
+flake8 (https://pypi.python.org/pypi/flake8).
+Also make sure your code works under all Python (http://www.python.org/)
+versions claimed supported by youtube\-dl, namely 2.6, 2.7, and 3.2+.
+.IP " 9." 4
+When the tests pass, add (http://git-scm.com/docs/git-add) the new files
+and commit (http://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit) them and
+push (http://git-scm.com/docs/git-push) the result, like this:
+.RS 4
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+$\ git\ add\ youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py
+$\ git\ add\ youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py
+$\ git\ commit\ \-m\ \[aq][yourextractor]\ Add\ new\ extractor\[aq]
+$\ git\ push\ origin\ yourextractor
+\f[]
+.fi
+.RE
+.IP "10." 4
+Finally, create a pull
+request (https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-pull-request).
+We\[aq]ll then review and merge it.
+.PP
+In any case, thank you very much for your contributions!
+.SS youtube\-dl coding conventions
+.PP
+This section introduces a guide lines for writing idiomatic, robust and
+future\-proof extractor code.
+.PP
+Extractors are very fragile by nature since they depend on the layout of
+the source data provided by 3rd party media hosters out of your control
+and this layout tends to change.
+As an extractor implementer your task is not only to write code that
+will extract media links and metadata correctly but also to minimize
+dependency on the source\[aq]s layout and even to make the code foresee
+potential future changes and be ready for that.
+This is important because it will allow the extractor not to break on
+minor layout changes thus keeping old youtube\-dl versions working.
+Even though this breakage issue is easily fixed by emitting a new
+version of youtube\-dl with a fix incorporated, all the previous
+versions become broken in all repositories and distros\[aq] packages
+that may not be so prompt in fetching the update from us.
+Needless to say, some non rolling release distros may never receive an
+update at all.
+.SS Mandatory and optional metafields
+.PP
+For extraction to work youtube\-dl relies on metadata your extractor
+extracts and provides to youtube\-dl expressed by an information
+dictionary (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L75-L257)
+or simply \f[I]info dict\f[].
+Only the following meta fields in the \f[I]info dict\f[] are considered
+mandatory for a successful extraction process by youtube\-dl:
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]id\f[] (media identifier)
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]title\f[] (media title)
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]url\f[] (media download URL) or \f[C]formats\f[]
+.PP
+In fact only the last option is technically mandatory (i.e.
+if you can\[aq]t figure out the download location of the media the
+extraction does not make any sense).
+But by convention youtube\-dl also treats \f[C]id\f[] and \f[C]title\f[]
+as mandatory.
+Thus the aforementioned metafields are the critical data that the
+extraction does not make any sense without and if any of them fail to be
+extracted then the extractor is considered completely broken.
+.PP
+Any
+field (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L149-L257)
+apart from the aforementioned ones are considered \f[B]optional\f[].
+That means that extraction should be \f[B]tolerant\f[] to situations
+when sources for these fields can potentially be unavailable (even if
+they are always available at the moment) and \f[B]future\-proof\f[] in
+order not to break the extraction of general purpose mandatory fields.
+.SS Example
+.PP
+Say you have some source dictionary \f[C]meta\f[] that you\[aq]ve
+fetched as JSON with HTTP request and it has a key \f[C]summary\f[]:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+meta\ =\ self._download_json(url,\ video_id)
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Assume at this point \f[C]meta\f[]\[aq]s layout is:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+{
+\ \ \ \ ...
+\ \ \ \ "summary":\ "some\ fancy\ summary\ text",
+\ \ \ \ ...
+}
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Assume you want to extract \f[C]summary\f[] and put it into the
+resulting info dict as \f[C]description\f[].
+Since \f[C]description\f[] is an optional meta field you should be ready
+that this key may be missing from the \f[C]meta\f[] dict, so that you
+should extract it like:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+description\ =\ meta.get(\[aq]summary\[aq])\ \ #\ correct
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+and not like:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+description\ =\ meta[\[aq]summary\[aq]]\ \ #\ incorrect
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+The latter will break extraction process with \f[C]KeyError\f[] if
+\f[C]summary\f[] disappears from \f[C]meta\f[] at some later time but
+with the former approach extraction will just go ahead with
+\f[C]description\f[] set to \f[C]None\f[] which is perfectly fine
+(remember \f[C]None\f[] is equivalent to the absence of data).
+.PP
+Similarly, you should pass \f[C]fatal=False\f[] when extracting optional
+data from a webpage with \f[C]_search_regex\f[],
+\f[C]_html_search_regex\f[] or similar methods, for instance:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+description\ =\ self._search_regex(
+\ \ \ \ r\[aq]<span[^>]+id="title"[^>]*>([^<]+)<\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ webpage,\ \[aq]description\[aq],\ fatal=False)
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+With \f[C]fatal\f[] set to \f[C]False\f[] if \f[C]_search_regex\f[]
+fails to extract \f[C]description\f[] it will emit a warning and
+continue extraction.
+.PP
+You can also pass \f[C]default=<some\ fallback\ value>\f[], for example:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+description\ =\ self._search_regex(
+\ \ \ \ r\[aq]<span[^>]+id="title"[^>]*>([^<]+)<\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ webpage,\ \[aq]description\[aq],\ default=None)
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+On failure this code will silently continue the extraction with
+\f[C]description\f[] set to \f[C]None\f[].
+That is useful for metafields that may or may not be present.
+.SS Provide fallbacks
+.PP
+When extracting metadata try to do so from multiple sources.
+For example if \f[C]title\f[] is present in several places, try
+extracting from at least some of them.
+This makes it more future\-proof in case some of the sources become
+unavailable.
+.SS Example
+.PP
+Say \f[C]meta\f[] from the previous example has a \f[C]title\f[] and you
+are about to extract it.
+Since \f[C]title\f[] is a mandatory meta field you should end up with
+something like:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+title\ =\ meta[\[aq]title\[aq]]
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+If \f[C]title\f[] disappears from \f[C]meta\f[] in future due to some
+changes on the hoster\[aq]s side the extraction would fail since
+\f[C]title\f[] is mandatory.
+That\[aq]s expected.
+.PP
+Assume that you have some another source you can extract \f[C]title\f[]
+from, for example \f[C]og:title\f[] HTML meta of a \f[C]webpage\f[].
+In this case you can provide a fallback scenario:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+title\ =\ meta.get(\[aq]title\[aq])\ or\ self._og_search_title(webpage)
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+This code will try to extract from \f[C]meta\f[] first and if it fails
+it will try extracting \f[C]og:title\f[] from a \f[C]webpage\f[].
+.SS Make regular expressions flexible
+.PP
+When using regular expressions try to write them fuzzy and flexible.
+.SS Example
+.PP
+Say you need to extract \f[C]title\f[] from the following HTML code:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+<span\ style="position:\ absolute;\ left:\ 910px;\ width:\ 90px;\ float:\ right;\ z\-index:\ 9999;"\ class="title">some\ fancy\ title</span>
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+The code for that task should look similar to:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+title\ =\ self._search_regex(
+\ \ \ \ r\[aq]<span[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>([^<]+)\[aq],\ webpage,\ \[aq]title\[aq])
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Or even better:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+title\ =\ self._search_regex(
+\ \ \ \ r\[aq]<span[^>]+class=(["\\\[aq]])title\\1[^>]*>(?P<title>[^<]+)\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ webpage,\ \[aq]title\[aq],\ group=\[aq]title\[aq])
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Note how you tolerate potential changes in the \f[C]style\f[]
+attribute\[aq]s value or switch from using double quotes to single for
+\f[C]class\f[] attribute:
+.PP
+The code definitely should not look like:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+title\ =\ self._search_regex(
+\ \ \ \ r\[aq]<span\ style="position:\ absolute;\ left:\ 910px;\ width:\ 90px;\ float:\ right;\ z\-index:\ 9999;"\ class="title">(.*?)</span>\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ webpage,\ \[aq]title\[aq],\ group=\[aq]title\[aq])
+\f[]
+.fi
+.SS Use safe conversion functions
+.PP
+Wrap all extracted numeric data into safe functions from \f[C]utils\f[]:
+\f[C]int_or_none\f[], \f[C]float_or_none\f[].
+Use them for string to number conversions as well.
+.SH EMBEDDING YOUTUBE\-DL
+.PP
+youtube\-dl makes the best effort to be a good command\-line program,
+and thus should be callable from any programming language.
+If you encounter any problems parsing its output, feel free to create a
+report (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/new).
+.PP
+From a Python program, you can embed youtube\-dl in a more powerful
+fashion, like this:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+from\ __future__\ import\ unicode_literals
+import\ youtube_dl
+
+ydl_opts\ =\ {}
+with\ youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts)\ as\ ydl:
+\ \ \ \ ydl.download([\[aq]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc\[aq]])
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Most likely, you\[aq]ll want to use various options.
+For a list of options available, have a look at
+\f[C]youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py\f[] (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py#L129-L279).
+For a start, if you want to intercept youtube\-dl\[aq]s output, set a
+\f[C]logger\f[] object.
+.PP
+Here\[aq]s a more complete example of a program that outputs only errors
+(and a short message after the download is finished), and
+downloads/converts the video to an mp3 file:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+from\ __future__\ import\ unicode_literals
+import\ youtube_dl
+
+
+class\ MyLogger(object):
+\ \ \ \ def\ debug(self,\ msg):
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ pass
+
+\ \ \ \ def\ warning(self,\ msg):
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ pass
+
+\ \ \ \ def\ error(self,\ msg):
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ print(msg)
+
+
+def\ my_hook(d):
+\ \ \ \ if\ d[\[aq]status\[aq]]\ ==\ \[aq]finished\[aq]:
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ print(\[aq]Done\ downloading,\ now\ converting\ ...\[aq])
+
+
+ydl_opts\ =\ {
+\ \ \ \ \[aq]format\[aq]:\ \[aq]bestaudio/best\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ \[aq]postprocessors\[aq]:\ [{
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]key\[aq]:\ \[aq]FFmpegExtractAudio\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]preferredcodec\[aq]:\ \[aq]mp3\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]preferredquality\[aq]:\ \[aq]192\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ }],
+\ \ \ \ \[aq]logger\[aq]:\ MyLogger(),
+\ \ \ \ \[aq]progress_hooks\[aq]:\ [my_hook],
+}
+with\ youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts)\ as\ ydl:
+\ \ \ \ ydl.download([\[aq]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc\[aq]])
+\f[]
+.fi
+.SH BUGS
+.PP
+Bugs and suggestions should be reported at:
+<https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues>.
+Unless you were prompted to or there is another pertinent reason (e.g.
+GitHub fails to accept the bug report), please do not send bug reports
+via personal email.
+For discussions, join us in the IRC channel
+#youtube\-dl (irc://chat.freenode.net/#youtube-dl) on freenode
+(webchat (http://webchat.freenode.net/?randomnick=1&channels=youtube-dl)).
+.PP
+\f[B]Please include the full output of youtube\-dl when run with
+\f[C]\-v\f[]\f[], i.e.
+\f[B]add\f[] \f[C]\-v\f[] flag to \f[B]your command line\f[], copy the
+\f[B]whole\f[] output and post it in the issue body wrapped in ``` for
+better formatting.
+It should look similar to this:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-v\ <your\ command\ line>
+[debug]\ System\ config:\ []
+[debug]\ User\ config:\ []
+[debug]\ Command\-line\ args:\ [u\[aq]\-v\[aq],\ u\[aq]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKcj\[aq]]
+[debug]\ Encodings:\ locale\ cp1251,\ fs\ mbcs,\ out\ cp866,\ pref\ cp1251
+[debug]\ youtube\-dl\ version\ 2015.12.06
+[debug]\ Git\ HEAD:\ 135392e
+[debug]\ Python\ version\ 2.6.6\ \-\ Windows\-2003Server\-5.2.3790\-SP2
+[debug]\ exe\ versions:\ ffmpeg\ N\-75573\-g1d0487f,\ ffprobe\ N\-75573\-g1d0487f,\ rtmpdump\ 2.4
+[debug]\ Proxy\ map:\ {}
+\&...
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+\f[B]Do not post screenshots of verbose logs; only plain text is
+acceptable.\f[]
+.PP
+The output (including the first lines) contains important debugging
+information.
+Issues without the full output are often not reproducible and therefore
+do not get solved in short order, if ever.
+.PP
+Please re\-read your issue once again to avoid a couple of common
+mistakes (you can and should use this as a checklist):
+.SS Is the description of the issue itself sufficient?
+.PP
+We often get issue reports that we cannot really decipher.
+While in most cases we eventually get the required information after
+asking back multiple times, this poses an unnecessary drain on our
+resources.
+Many contributors, including myself, are also not native speakers, so we
+may misread some parts.
+.PP
+So please elaborate on what feature you are requesting, or what bug you
+want to be fixed.
+Make sure that it\[aq]s obvious
+.IP \[bu] 2
+What the problem is
+.IP \[bu] 2
+How it could be fixed
+.IP \[bu] 2
+How your proposed solution would look like
+.PP
+If your report is shorter than two lines, it is almost certainly missing
+some of these, which makes it hard for us to respond to it.
+We\[aq]re often too polite to close the issue outright, but the missing
+info makes misinterpretation likely.
+As a committer myself, I often get frustrated by these issues, since the
+only possible way for me to move forward on them is to ask for
+clarification over and over.
+.PP
+For bug reports, this means that your report should contain the
+\f[I]complete\f[] output of youtube\-dl when called with the
+\f[C]\-v\f[] flag.
+The error message you get for (most) bugs even says so, but you would
+not believe how many of our bug reports do not contain this information.
+.PP
+If your server has multiple IPs or you suspect censorship, adding
+\f[C]\-\-call\-home\f[] may be a good idea to get more diagnostics.
+If the error is \f[C]ERROR:\ Unable\ to\ extract\ ...\f[] and you cannot
+reproduce it from multiple countries, add \f[C]\-\-dump\-pages\f[]
+(warning: this will yield a rather large output, redirect it to the file
+\f[C]log.txt\f[] by adding \f[C]>log.txt\ 2>&1\f[] to your
+command\-line) or upload the \f[C]\&.dump\f[] files you get when you add
+\f[C]\-\-write\-pages\f[] somewhere (https://gist.github.com/).
+.PP
+\f[B]Site support requests must contain an example URL\f[].
+An example URL is a URL you might want to download, like
+\f[C]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc\f[].
+There should be an obvious video present.
+Except under very special circumstances, the main page of a video
+service (e.g.
+\f[C]http://www.youtube.com/\f[]) is \f[I]not\f[] an example URL.
+.SS Are you using the latest version?
+.PP
+Before reporting any issue, type \f[C]youtube\-dl\ \-U\f[].
+This should report that you\[aq]re up\-to\-date.
+About 20% of the reports we receive are already fixed, but people are
+using outdated versions.
+This goes for feature requests as well.
+.SS Is the issue already documented?
+.PP
+Make sure that someone has not already opened the issue you\[aq]re
+trying to open.
+Search at the top of the window or browse the GitHub
+Issues (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/search?type=Issues) of this
+repository.
+If there is an issue, feel free to write something along the lines of
+"This affects me as well, with version 2015.01.01.
+Here is some more information on the issue: ...".
+While some issues may be old, a new post into them often spurs rapid
+activity.
+.SS Why are existing options not enough?
+.PP
+Before requesting a new feature, please have a quick peek at the list of
+supported
+options (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/README.md#options).
+Many feature requests are for features that actually exist already!
+Please, absolutely do show off your work in the issue report and detail
+how the existing similar options do \f[I]not\f[] solve your problem.
+.SS Is there enough context in your bug report?
+.PP
+People want to solve problems, and often think they do us a favor by
+breaking down their larger problems (e.g.
+wanting to skip already downloaded files) to a specific request (e.g.
+requesting us to look whether the file exists before downloading the
+info page).
+However, what often happens is that they break down the problem into two
+steps: One simple, and one impossible (or extremely complicated one).
+.PP
+We are then presented with a very complicated request when the original
+problem could be solved far easier, e.g.
+by recording the downloaded video IDs in a separate file.
+To avoid this, you must include the greater context where it is
+non\-obvious.
+In particular, every feature request that does not consist of adding
+support for a new site should contain a use case scenario that explains
+in what situation the missing feature would be useful.
+.SS Does the issue involve one problem, and one problem only?
+.PP
+Some of our users seem to think there is a limit of issues they can or
+should open.
+There is no limit of issues they can or should open.
+While it may seem appealing to be able to dump all your issues into one
+ticket, that means that someone who solves one of your issues cannot
+mark the issue as closed.
+Typically, reporting a bunch of issues leads to the ticket lingering
+since nobody wants to attack that behemoth, until someone mercifully
+splits the issue into multiple ones.
+.PP
+In particular, every site support request issue should only pertain to
+services at one site (generally under a common domain, but always using
+the same backend technology).
+Do not request support for vimeo user videos, White house podcasts, and
+Google Plus pages in the same issue.
+Also, make sure that you don\[aq]t post bug reports alongside feature
+requests.
+As a rule of thumb, a feature request does not include outputs of
+youtube\-dl that are not immediately related to the feature at hand.
+Do not post reports of a network error alongside the request for a new
+video service.
+.SS Is anyone going to need the feature?
+.PP
+Only post features that you (or an incapacitated friend you can
+personally talk to) require.
+Do not post features because they seem like a good idea.
+If they are really useful, they will be requested by someone who
+requires them.
+.SS Is your question about youtube\-dl?
+.PP
+It may sound strange, but some bug reports we receive are completely
+unrelated to youtube\-dl and relate to a different, or even the
+reporter\[aq]s own, application.
+Please make sure that you are actually using youtube\-dl.
+If you are using a UI for youtube\-dl, report the bug to the maintainer
+of the actual application providing the UI.
+On the other hand, if your UI for youtube\-dl fails in some way you
+believe is related to youtube\-dl, by all means, go ahead and report the
+bug.
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+.PP
+youtube\-dl is released into the public domain by the copyright holders.
+.PP
+This README file was originally written by Daniel
+Bolton (https://github.com/dbbolton) and is likewise released into the
+public domain.
Rapsys Git / youtubedl / commitdiff