Update the changelog.

[youtubedl] / README.md

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index ac54d7b67b8c36d370495759153678f711ac614e..c6feef1162e1a614e4db4d7afa02a543c15943b8 100644 (file)
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ youtube-dl - download videos from youtube.com or other video platforms
 - [VIDEO SELECTION](#video-selection)
 - [FAQ](#faq)
 - [DEVELOPER INSTRUCTIONS](#developer-instructions)
 - [VIDEO SELECTION](#video-selection)
 - [FAQ](#faq)
 - [DEVELOPER INSTRUCTIONS](#developer-instructions)

+- [EMBEDDING YOUTUBE-DL](#embedding-youtube-dl)

 - [BUGS](#bugs)
 - [COPYRIGHT](#copyright)
 
 - [BUGS](#bugs)
 - [COPYRIGHT](#copyright)
 


@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ youtube-dl - download videos from youtube.com or other video platforms
 
 To install it right away for all UNIX users (Linux, OS X, etc.), type:
 
 
 To install it right away for all UNIX users (Linux, OS X, etc.), type:
 

-    sudo curl https://yt-dl.org/latest/youtube-dl -o /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
+    sudo curl -L https://yt-dl.org/latest/youtube-dl -o /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl

     sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
 
 If you do not have curl, you can alternatively use a recent wget:
     sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
 
 If you do not have curl, you can alternatively use a recent wget:


@@ -24,20 +25,26 @@ If you do not have curl, you can alternatively use a recent wget:
     sudo wget https://yt-dl.org/downloads/latest/youtube-dl -O /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
     sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
 
     sudo wget https://yt-dl.org/downloads/latest/youtube-dl -O /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
     sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
 

-Windows users can [download a .exe file](https://yt-dl.org/latest/youtube-dl.exe) and place it in their home directory or any other location on their [PATH](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_%28variable%29).
+Windows users can [download an .exe file](https://yt-dl.org/latest/youtube-dl.exe) and place it in any location on their [PATH](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_%28variable%29) except for `%SYSTEMROOT%\System32` (e.g. **do not** put in `C:\Windows\System32`).

 
 

-OS X users can install **youtube-dl** with [Homebrew](http://brew.sh/).
+You can also use pip:
+
+    sudo pip install --upgrade youtube-dl
+    
+This command will update youtube-dl if you have already installed it. See the [pypi page](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/youtube_dl) for more information.
+
+OS X users can install youtube-dl with [Homebrew](http://brew.sh/):

 
     brew install youtube-dl
 
 
     brew install youtube-dl
 

-You can also use pip:
+Or with [MacPorts](https://www.macports.org/):

 
 

-    sudo pip install youtube-dl
+    sudo port install youtube-dl

 
 

-Alternatively, refer to the developer instructions below for how to check out and work with the git repository. For further options, including PGP signatures, see https://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html .
+Alternatively, refer to the [developer instructions](#developer-instructions) for how to check out and work with the git repository. For further options, including PGP signatures, see the [youtube-dl Download Page](https://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html).

 
 # DESCRIPTION
 
 # DESCRIPTION

-**youtube-dl** is a small command-line program to download videos from
+**youtube-dl** is a command-line program to download videos from

 YouTube.com and a few more sites. It requires the Python interpreter, version
 2.6, 2.7, or 3.2+, and it is not platform specific. It should work on
 your Unix box, on Windows or on Mac OS X. It is released to the public domain,
 YouTube.com and a few more sites. It requires the Python interpreter, version
 2.6, 2.7, or 3.2+, and it is not platform specific. It should work on
 your Unix box, on Windows or on Mac OS X. It is released to the public domain,


@@ -48,110 +55,233 @@ which means you can modify it, redistribute it or use it however you like.
 # OPTIONS
     -h, --help                       Print this help text and exit
     --version                        Print program version and exit
 # OPTIONS
     -h, --help                       Print this help text and exit
     --version                        Print program version and exit

-    -U, --update                     Update this program to latest version. Make sure that you have sufficient permissions (run with sudo if needed)
-    -i, --ignore-errors              Continue on download errors, for example to skip unavailable videos in a playlist
-    --abort-on-error                 Abort downloading of further videos (in the playlist or the command line) if an error occurs
+    -U, --update                     Update this program to latest version. Make
+                                     sure that you have sufficient permissions
+                                     (run with sudo if needed)
+    -i, --ignore-errors              Continue on download errors, for example to
+                                     skip unavailable videos in a playlist
+    --abort-on-error                 Abort downloading of further videos (in the
+                                     playlist or the command line) if an error
+                                     occurs

     --dump-user-agent                Display the current browser identification
     --list-extractors                List all supported extractors
     --dump-user-agent                Display the current browser identification
     --list-extractors                List all supported extractors

-    --extractor-descriptions         Output descriptions of all supported extractors
-    --force-generic-extractor        Force extraction to use the generic extractor
-    --default-search PREFIX          Use this prefix for unqualified URLs. For example "gvsearch2:" downloads two videos from google videos for youtube-dl "large apple".
-                                     Use the value "auto" to let youtube-dl guess ("auto_warning" to emit a warning when guessing). "error" just throws an error. The
-                                     default value "fixup_error" repairs broken URLs, but emits an error if this is not possible instead of searching.
-    --ignore-config                  Do not read configuration files. When given in the global configuration file /etc/youtube-dl.conf: Do not read the user configuration
-                                     in ~/.config/youtube-dl/config (%APPDATA%/youtube-dl/config.txt on Windows)
-    --flat-playlist                  Do not extract the videos of a playlist, only list them.
+    --extractor-descriptions         Output descriptions of all supported
+                                     extractors
+    --force-generic-extractor        Force extraction to use the generic
+                                     extractor
+    --default-search PREFIX          Use this prefix for unqualified URLs. For
+                                     example "gvsearch2:" downloads two videos
+                                     from google videos for youtube-dl "large
+                                     apple". Use the value "auto" to let
+                                     youtube-dl guess ("auto_warning" to emit a
+                                     warning when guessing). "error" just throws
+                                     an error. The default value "fixup_error"
+                                     repairs broken URLs, but emits an error if
+                                     this is not possible instead of searching.
+    --ignore-config                  Do not read configuration files. When given
+                                     in the global configuration file
+                                     /etc/youtube-dl.conf: Do not read the user
+                                     configuration in ~/.config/youtube-
+                                     dl/config (%APPDATA%/youtube-dl/config.txt
+                                     on Windows)
+    --flat-playlist                  Do not extract the videos of a playlist,
+                                     only list them.
+    --mark-watched                   Mark videos watched (YouTube only)
+    --no-mark-watched                Do not mark videos watched (YouTube only)

     --no-color                       Do not emit color codes in output
 
 ## Network Options:
     --no-color                       Do not emit color codes in output
 
 ## Network Options:

-    --proxy URL                      Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS proxy. Pass in an empty string (--proxy "") for direct connection
+    --proxy URL                      Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS proxy.
+                                     To enable experimental SOCKS proxy, specify
+                                     a proper scheme. For example
+                                     socks5://127.0.0.1:1080/. Pass in an empty
+                                     string (--proxy "") for direct connection

     --socket-timeout SECONDS         Time to wait before giving up, in seconds
     --socket-timeout SECONDS         Time to wait before giving up, in seconds

-    --source-address IP              Client-side IP address to bind to (experimental)
-    -4, --force-ipv4                 Make all connections via IPv4 (experimental)
-    -6, --force-ipv6                 Make all connections via IPv6 (experimental)
-    --cn-verification-proxy URL      Use this proxy to verify the IP address for some Chinese sites. The default proxy specified by --proxy (or none, if the options is
-                                     not present) is used for the actual downloading. (experimental)
+    --source-address IP              Client-side IP address to bind to
+                                     (experimental)
+    -4, --force-ipv4                 Make all connections via IPv4
+                                     (experimental)
+    -6, --force-ipv6                 Make all connections via IPv6
+                                     (experimental)
+    --cn-verification-proxy URL      Use this proxy to verify the IP address for
+                                     some Chinese sites. The default proxy
+                                     specified by --proxy (or none, if the
+                                     options is not present) is used for the
+                                     actual downloading. (experimental)

 
 ## Video Selection:
     --playlist-start NUMBER          Playlist video to start at (default is 1)
     --playlist-end NUMBER            Playlist video to end at (default is last)
 
 ## Video Selection:
     --playlist-start NUMBER          Playlist video to start at (default is 1)
     --playlist-end NUMBER            Playlist video to end at (default is last)

-    --playlist-items ITEM_SPEC       Playlist video items to download. Specify indices of the videos in the playlist separated by commas like: "--playlist-items 1,2,5,8"
-                                     if you want to download videos indexed 1, 2, 5, 8 in the playlist. You can specify range: "--playlist-items 1-3,7,10-13", it will
-                                     download the videos at index 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 13.
-    --match-title REGEX              Download only matching titles (regex or caseless sub-string)
-    --reject-title REGEX             Skip download for matching titles (regex or caseless sub-string)
+    --playlist-items ITEM_SPEC       Playlist video items to download. Specify
+                                     indices of the videos in the playlist
+                                     separated by commas like: "--playlist-items
+                                     1,2,5,8" if you want to download videos
+                                     indexed 1, 2, 5, 8 in the playlist. You can
+                                     specify range: "--playlist-items
+                                     1-3,7,10-13", it will download the videos
+                                     at index 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 13.
+    --match-title REGEX              Download only matching titles (regex or
+                                     caseless sub-string)
+    --reject-title REGEX             Skip download for matching titles (regex or
+                                     caseless sub-string)

     --max-downloads NUMBER           Abort after downloading NUMBER files
     --max-downloads NUMBER           Abort after downloading NUMBER files

-    --min-filesize SIZE              Do not download any videos smaller than SIZE (e.g. 50k or 44.6m)
-    --max-filesize SIZE              Do not download any videos larger than SIZE (e.g. 50k or 44.6m)
+    --min-filesize SIZE              Do not download any videos smaller than
+                                     SIZE (e.g. 50k or 44.6m)
+    --max-filesize SIZE              Do not download any videos larger than SIZE
+                                     (e.g. 50k or 44.6m)

     --date DATE                      Download only videos uploaded in this date
     --date DATE                      Download only videos uploaded in this date

-    --datebefore DATE                Download only videos uploaded on or before this date (i.e. inclusive)
-    --dateafter DATE                 Download only videos uploaded on or after this date (i.e. inclusive)
-    --min-views COUNT                Do not download any videos with less than COUNT views
-    --max-views COUNT                Do not download any videos with more than COUNT views
-    --match-filter FILTER            Generic video filter (experimental). Specify any key (see help for -o for a list of available keys) to match if the key is present,
-                                     !key to check if the key is not present,key > NUMBER (like "comment_count > 12", also works with >=, <, <=, !=, =) to compare against
-                                     a number, and & to require multiple matches. Values which are not known are excluded unless you put a question mark (?) after the
-                                     operator.For example, to only match videos that have been liked more than 100 times and disliked less than 50 times (or the dislike
-                                     functionality is not available at the given service), but who also have a description, use  --match-filter "like_count > 100 &
+    --datebefore DATE                Download only videos uploaded on or before
+                                     this date (i.e. inclusive)
+    --dateafter DATE                 Download only videos uploaded on or after
+                                     this date (i.e. inclusive)
+    --min-views COUNT                Do not download any videos with less than
+                                     COUNT views
+    --max-views COUNT                Do not download any videos with more than
+                                     COUNT views
+    --match-filter FILTER            Generic video filter (experimental).
+                                     Specify any key (see help for -o for a list
+                                     of available keys) to match if the key is
+                                     present, !key to check if the key is not
+                                     present,key > NUMBER (like "comment_count >
+                                     12", also works with >=, <, <=, !=, =) to
+                                     compare against a number, and & to require
+                                     multiple matches. Values which are not
+                                     known are excluded unless you put a
+                                     question mark (?) after the operator.For
+                                     example, to only match videos that have
+                                     been liked more than 100 times and disliked
+                                     less than 50 times (or the dislike
+                                     functionality is not available at the given
+                                     service), but who also have a description,
+                                     use --match-filter "like_count > 100 &

                                      dislike_count <? 50 & description" .
                                      dislike_count <? 50 & description" .

-    --no-playlist                    Download only the video, if the URL refers to a video and a playlist.
-    --yes-playlist                   Download the playlist, if the URL refers to a video and a playlist.
-    --age-limit YEARS                Download only videos suitable for the given age
-    --download-archive FILE          Download only videos not listed in the archive file. Record the IDs of all downloaded videos in it.
-    --include-ads                    Download advertisements as well (experimental)
+    --no-playlist                    Download only the video, if the URL refers
+                                     to a video and a playlist.
+    --yes-playlist                   Download the playlist, if the URL refers to
+                                     a video and a playlist.
+    --age-limit YEARS                Download only videos suitable for the given
+                                     age
+    --download-archive FILE          Download only videos not listed in the
+                                     archive file. Record the IDs of all
+                                     downloaded videos in it.
+    --include-ads                    Download advertisements as well
+                                     (experimental)

 
 ## Download Options:
 
 ## Download Options:

-    -r, --rate-limit LIMIT           Maximum download rate in bytes per second (e.g. 50K or 4.2M)
-    -R, --retries RETRIES            Number of retries (default is 10), or "infinite".
-    --buffer-size SIZE               Size of download buffer (e.g. 1024 or 16K) (default is 1024)
-    --no-resize-buffer               Do not automatically adjust the buffer size. By default, the buffer size is automatically resized from an initial value of SIZE.
+    -r, --limit-rate RATE            Maximum download rate in bytes per second
+                                     (e.g. 50K or 4.2M)
+    -R, --retries RETRIES            Number of retries (default is 10), or
+                                     "infinite".
+    --fragment-retries RETRIES       Number of retries for a fragment (default
+                                     is 10), or "infinite" (DASH only)
+    --buffer-size SIZE               Size of download buffer (e.g. 1024 or 16K)
+                                     (default is 1024)
+    --no-resize-buffer               Do not automatically adjust the buffer
+                                     size. By default, the buffer size is
+                                     automatically resized from an initial value
+                                     of SIZE.

     --playlist-reverse               Download playlist videos in reverse order
     --playlist-reverse               Download playlist videos in reverse order

-    --xattr-set-filesize             Set file xattribute ytdl.filesize with expected filesize (experimental)
-    --hls-prefer-native              Use the native HLS downloader instead of ffmpeg (experimental)
-    --external-downloader COMMAND    Use the specified external downloader. Currently supports aria2c,curl,httpie,wget
-    --external-downloader-args ARGS  Give these arguments to the external downloader
+    --xattr-set-filesize             Set file xattribute ytdl.filesize with
+                                     expected filesize (experimental)
+    --hls-prefer-native              Use the native HLS downloader instead of
+                                     ffmpeg
+    --hls-prefer-ffmpeg              Use ffmpeg instead of the native HLS
+                                     downloader
+    --hls-use-mpegts                 Use the mpegts container for HLS videos,
+                                     allowing to play the video while
+                                     downloading (some players may not be able
+                                     to play it)
+    --external-downloader COMMAND    Use the specified external downloader.
+                                     Currently supports
+                                     aria2c,avconv,axel,curl,ffmpeg,httpie,wget
+    --external-downloader-args ARGS  Give these arguments to the external
+                                     downloader

 
 ## Filesystem Options:
 
 ## Filesystem Options:

-    -a, --batch-file FILE            File containing URLs to download ('-' for stdin)
+    -a, --batch-file FILE            File containing URLs to download ('-' for
+                                     stdin)

     --id                             Use only video ID in file name
     --id                             Use only video ID in file name

-    -o, --output TEMPLATE            Output filename template. Use %(title)s to get the title, %(uploader)s for the uploader name, %(uploader_id)s for the uploader
-                                     nickname if different, %(autonumber)s to get an automatically incremented number, %(ext)s for the filename extension, %(format)s for
-                                     the format description (like "22 - 1280x720" or "HD"), %(format_id)s for the unique id of the format (like YouTube's itags: "137"),
-                                     %(upload_date)s for the upload date (YYYYMMDD), %(extractor)s for the provider (youtube, metacafe, etc), %(id)s for the video id,
-                                     %(playlist_title)s, %(playlist_id)s, or %(playlist)s (=title if present, ID otherwise) for the playlist the video is in,
-                                     %(playlist_index)s for the position in the playlist. %(height)s and %(width)s for the width and height of the video format.
-                                     %(resolution)s for a textual description of the resolution of the video format. %% for a literal percent. Use - to output to stdout.
-                                     Can also be used to download to a different directory, for example with -o '/my/downloads/%(uploader)s/%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s' .
-    --autonumber-size NUMBER         Specify the number of digits in %(autonumber)s when it is present in output filename template or --auto-number option is given
-    --restrict-filenames             Restrict filenames to only ASCII characters, and avoid "&" and spaces in filenames
-    -A, --auto-number                [deprecated; use  -o "%(autonumber)s-%(title)s.%(ext)s" ] Number downloaded files starting from 00000
-    -t, --title                      [deprecated] Use title in file name (default)
+    -o, --output TEMPLATE            Output filename template. Use %(title)s to
+                                     get the title, %(uploader)s for the
+                                     uploader name, %(uploader_id)s for the
+                                     uploader nickname if different,
+                                     %(autonumber)s to get an automatically
+                                     incremented number, %(ext)s for the
+                                     filename extension, %(format)s for the
+                                     format description (like "22 - 1280x720" or
+                                     "HD"), %(format_id)s for the unique id of
+                                     the format (like YouTube's itags: "137"),
+                                     %(upload_date)s for the upload date
+                                     (YYYYMMDD), %(extractor)s for the provider
+                                     (youtube, metacafe, etc), %(id)s for the
+                                     video id, %(playlist_title)s,
+                                     %(playlist_id)s, or %(playlist)s (=title if
+                                     present, ID otherwise) for the playlist the
+                                     video is in, %(playlist_index)s for the
+                                     position in the playlist. %(height)s and
+                                     %(width)s for the width and height of the
+                                     video format. %(resolution)s for a textual
+                                     description of the resolution of the video
+                                     format. %% for a literal percent. Use - to
+                                     output to stdout. Can also be used to
+                                     download to a different directory, for
+                                     example with -o '/my/downloads/%(uploader)s
+                                     /%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s' .
+    --autonumber-size NUMBER         Specify the number of digits in
+                                     %(autonumber)s when it is present in output
+                                     filename template or --auto-number option
+                                     is given
+    --restrict-filenames             Restrict filenames to only ASCII
+                                     characters, and avoid "&" and spaces in
+                                     filenames
+    -A, --auto-number                [deprecated; use -o
+                                     "%(autonumber)s-%(title)s.%(ext)s" ] Number
+                                     downloaded files starting from 00000
+    -t, --title                      [deprecated] Use title in file name
+                                     (default)

     -l, --literal                    [deprecated] Alias of --title
     -w, --no-overwrites              Do not overwrite files
     -l, --literal                    [deprecated] Alias of --title
     -w, --no-overwrites              Do not overwrite files

-    -c, --continue                   Force resume of partially downloaded files. By default, youtube-dl will resume downloads if possible.
-    --no-continue                    Do not resume partially downloaded files (restart from beginning)
-    --no-part                        Do not use .part files - write directly into output file
-    --no-mtime                       Do not use the Last-modified header to set the file modification time
-    --write-description              Write video description to a .description file
+    -c, --continue                   Force resume of partially downloaded files.
+                                     By default, youtube-dl will resume
+                                     downloads if possible.
+    --no-continue                    Do not resume partially downloaded files
+                                     (restart from beginning)
+    --no-part                        Do not use .part files - write directly
+                                     into output file
+    --no-mtime                       Do not use the Last-modified header to set
+                                     the file modification time
+    --write-description              Write video description to a .description
+                                     file

     --write-info-json                Write video metadata to a .info.json file
     --write-info-json                Write video metadata to a .info.json file

-    --write-annotations              Write video annotations to a .annotations.xml file
-    --load-info FILE                 JSON file containing the video information (created with the "--write-info-json" option)
-    --cookies FILE                   File to read cookies from and dump cookie jar in
-    --cache-dir DIR                  Location in the filesystem where youtube-dl can store some downloaded information permanently. By default $XDG_CACHE_HOME/youtube-dl
-                                     or ~/.cache/youtube-dl . At the moment, only YouTube player files (for videos with obfuscated signatures) are cached, but that may
-                                     change.
+    --write-annotations              Write video annotations to a
+                                     .annotations.xml file
+    --load-info-json FILE            JSON file containing the video information
+                                     (created with the "--write-info-json"
+                                     option)
+    --cookies FILE                   File to read cookies from and dump cookie
+                                     jar in
+    --cache-dir DIR                  Location in the filesystem where youtube-dl
+                                     can store some downloaded information
+                                     permanently. By default
+                                     $XDG_CACHE_HOME/youtube-dl or
+                                     ~/.cache/youtube-dl . At the moment, only
+                                     YouTube player files (for videos with
+                                     obfuscated signatures) are cached, but that
+                                     may change.

     --no-cache-dir                   Disable filesystem caching
     --rm-cache-dir                   Delete all filesystem cache files
 
 ## Thumbnail images:
     --write-thumbnail                Write thumbnail image to disk
     --write-all-thumbnails           Write all thumbnail image formats to disk
     --no-cache-dir                   Disable filesystem caching
     --rm-cache-dir                   Delete all filesystem cache files
 
 ## Thumbnail images:
     --write-thumbnail                Write thumbnail image to disk
     --write-all-thumbnails           Write all thumbnail image formats to disk

-    --list-thumbnails                Simulate and list all available thumbnail formats
+    --list-thumbnails                Simulate and list all available thumbnail
+                                     formats

 
 ## Verbosity / Simulation Options:
     -q, --quiet                      Activate quiet mode
     --no-warnings                    Ignore warnings
 
 ## Verbosity / Simulation Options:
     -q, --quiet                      Activate quiet mode
     --no-warnings                    Ignore warnings

-    -s, --simulate                   Do not download the video and do not write anything to disk
+    -s, --simulate                   Do not download the video and do not write
+                                     anything to disk

     --skip-download                  Do not download the video
     -g, --get-url                    Simulate, quiet but print URL
     -e, --get-title                  Simulate, quiet but print title
     --skip-download                  Do not download the video
     -g, --get-url                    Simulate, quiet but print URL
     -e, --get-title                  Simulate, quiet but print title


@@ -161,86 +291,156 @@ which means you can modify it, redistribute it or use it however you like.
     --get-duration                   Simulate, quiet but print video length
     --get-filename                   Simulate, quiet but print output filename
     --get-format                     Simulate, quiet but print output format
     --get-duration                   Simulate, quiet but print video length
     --get-filename                   Simulate, quiet but print output filename
     --get-format                     Simulate, quiet but print output format

-    -j, --dump-json                  Simulate, quiet but print JSON information. See --output for a description of available keys.
-    -J, --dump-single-json           Simulate, quiet but print JSON information for each command-line argument. If the URL refers to a playlist, dump the whole playlist
-                                     information in a single line.
-    --print-json                     Be quiet and print the video information as JSON (video is still being downloaded).
+    -j, --dump-json                  Simulate, quiet but print JSON information.
+                                     See --output for a description of available
+                                     keys.
+    -J, --dump-single-json           Simulate, quiet but print JSON information
+                                     for each command-line argument. If the URL
+                                     refers to a playlist, dump the whole
+                                     playlist information in a single line.
+    --print-json                     Be quiet and print the video information as
+                                     JSON (video is still being downloaded).

     --newline                        Output progress bar as new lines
     --no-progress                    Do not print progress bar
     --console-title                  Display progress in console titlebar
     -v, --verbose                    Print various debugging information
     --newline                        Output progress bar as new lines
     --no-progress                    Do not print progress bar
     --console-title                  Display progress in console titlebar
     -v, --verbose                    Print various debugging information

-    --dump-pages                     Print downloaded pages encoded using base64 to debug problems (very verbose)
-    --write-pages                    Write downloaded intermediary pages to files in the current directory to debug problems
+    --dump-pages                     Print downloaded pages encoded using base64
+                                     to debug problems (very verbose)
+    --write-pages                    Write downloaded intermediary pages to
+                                     files in the current directory to debug
+                                     problems

     --print-traffic                  Display sent and read HTTP traffic
     -C, --call-home                  Contact the youtube-dl server for debugging
     --print-traffic                  Display sent and read HTTP traffic
     -C, --call-home                  Contact the youtube-dl server for debugging

-    --no-call-home                   Do NOT contact the youtube-dl server for debugging
+    --no-call-home                   Do NOT contact the youtube-dl server for
+                                     debugging

 
 ## Workarounds:
     --encoding ENCODING              Force the specified encoding (experimental)
     --no-check-certificate           Suppress HTTPS certificate validation
 
 ## Workarounds:
     --encoding ENCODING              Force the specified encoding (experimental)
     --no-check-certificate           Suppress HTTPS certificate validation

-    --prefer-insecure                Use an unencrypted connection to retrieve information about the video. (Currently supported only for YouTube)
+    --prefer-insecure                Use an unencrypted connection to retrieve
+                                     information about the video. (Currently
+                                     supported only for YouTube)

     --user-agent UA                  Specify a custom user agent
     --user-agent UA                  Specify a custom user agent

-    --referer URL                    Specify a custom referer, use if the video access is restricted to one domain
-    --add-header FIELD:VALUE         Specify a custom HTTP header and its value, separated by a colon ':'. You can use this option multiple times
-    --bidi-workaround                Work around terminals that lack bidirectional text support. Requires bidiv or fribidi executable in PATH
-    --sleep-interval SECONDS         Number of seconds to sleep before each download.
+    --referer URL                    Specify a custom referer, use if the video
+                                     access is restricted to one domain
+    --add-header FIELD:VALUE         Specify a custom HTTP header and its value,
+                                     separated by a colon ':'. You can use this
+                                     option multiple times
+    --bidi-workaround                Work around terminals that lack
+                                     bidirectional text support. Requires bidiv
+                                     or fribidi executable in PATH
+    --sleep-interval SECONDS         Number of seconds to sleep before each
+                                     download.

 
 ## Video Format Options:
 
 ## Video Format Options:

-    -f, --format FORMAT              Video format code, see the "FORMAT SELECTION" for all the info
+    -f, --format FORMAT              Video format code, see the "FORMAT
+                                     SELECTION" for all the info

     --all-formats                    Download all available video formats
     --all-formats                    Download all available video formats

-    --prefer-free-formats            Prefer free video formats unless a specific one is requested
-    -F, --list-formats               List all available formats
-    --youtube-skip-dash-manifest     Do not download the DASH manifests and related data on YouTube videos
-    --merge-output-format FORMAT     If a merge is required (e.g. bestvideo+bestaudio), output to given container format. One of mkv, mp4, ogg, webm, flv. Ignored if no
-                                     merge is required
+    --prefer-free-formats            Prefer free video formats unless a specific
+                                     one is requested
+    -F, --list-formats               List all available formats of requested
+                                     videos
+    --youtube-skip-dash-manifest     Do not download the DASH manifests and
+                                     related data on YouTube videos
+    --merge-output-format FORMAT     If a merge is required (e.g.
+                                     bestvideo+bestaudio), output to given
+                                     container format. One of mkv, mp4, ogg,
+                                     webm, flv. Ignored if no merge is required

 
 ## Subtitle Options:
     --write-sub                      Write subtitle file
 
 ## Subtitle Options:
     --write-sub                      Write subtitle file

-    --write-auto-sub                 Write automatic subtitle file (YouTube only)
-    --all-subs                       Download all the available subtitles of the video
+    --write-auto-sub                 Write automatically generated subtitle file
+                                     (YouTube only)
+    --all-subs                       Download all the available subtitles of the
+                                     video

     --list-subs                      List all available subtitles for the video
     --list-subs                      List all available subtitles for the video

-    --sub-format FORMAT              Subtitle format, accepts formats preference, for example: "srt" or "ass/srt/best"
-    --sub-lang LANGS                 Languages of the subtitles to download (optional) separated by commas, use IETF language tags like 'en,pt'
+    --sub-format FORMAT              Subtitle format, accepts formats
+                                     preference, for example: "srt" or
+                                     "ass/srt/best"
+    --sub-lang LANGS                 Languages of the subtitles to download
+                                     (optional) separated by commas, use --list-
+                                     subs for available language tags

 
 ## Authentication Options:
     -u, --username USERNAME          Login with this account ID
 
 ## Authentication Options:
     -u, --username USERNAME          Login with this account ID

-    -p, --password PASSWORD          Account password. If this option is left out, youtube-dl will ask interactively.
+    -p, --password PASSWORD          Account password. If this option is left
+                                     out, youtube-dl will ask interactively.

     -2, --twofactor TWOFACTOR        Two-factor auth code
     -n, --netrc                      Use .netrc authentication data
     -2, --twofactor TWOFACTOR        Two-factor auth code
     -n, --netrc                      Use .netrc authentication data

-    --video-password PASSWORD        Video password (vimeo, smotri)
+    --video-password PASSWORD        Video password (vimeo, smotri, youku)

 
 ## Post-processing Options:
 
 ## Post-processing Options:

-    -x, --extract-audio              Convert video files to audio-only files (requires ffmpeg or avconv and ffprobe or avprobe)
-    --audio-format FORMAT            Specify audio format: "best", "aac", "vorbis", "mp3", "m4a", "opus", or "wav"; "best" by default
-    --audio-quality QUALITY          Specify ffmpeg/avconv audio quality, insert a value between 0 (better) and 9 (worse) for VBR or a specific bitrate like 128K (default
-                                     5)
-    --recode-video FORMAT            Encode the video to another format if necessary (currently supported: mp4|flv|ogg|webm|mkv|avi)
+    -x, --extract-audio              Convert video files to audio-only files
+                                     (requires ffmpeg or avconv and ffprobe or
+                                     avprobe)
+    --audio-format FORMAT            Specify audio format: "best", "aac",
+                                     "vorbis", "mp3", "m4a", "opus", or "wav";
+                                     "best" by default
+    --audio-quality QUALITY          Specify ffmpeg/avconv audio quality, insert
+                                     a value between 0 (better) and 9 (worse)
+                                     for VBR or a specific bitrate like 128K
+                                     (default 5)
+    --recode-video FORMAT            Encode the video to another format if
+                                     necessary (currently supported:
+                                     mp4|flv|ogg|webm|mkv|avi)

     --postprocessor-args ARGS        Give these arguments to the postprocessor
     --postprocessor-args ARGS        Give these arguments to the postprocessor

-    -k, --keep-video                 Keep the video file on disk after the post-processing; the video is erased by default
-    --no-post-overwrites             Do not overwrite post-processed files; the post-processed files are overwritten by default
-    --embed-subs                     Embed subtitles in the video (only for mkv and mp4 videos)
+    -k, --keep-video                 Keep the video file on disk after the post-
+                                     processing; the video is erased by default
+    --no-post-overwrites             Do not overwrite post-processed files; the
+                                     post-processed files are overwritten by
+                                     default
+    --embed-subs                     Embed subtitles in the video (only for mp4,
+                                     webm and mkv videos)

     --embed-thumbnail                Embed thumbnail in the audio as cover art
     --add-metadata                   Write metadata to the video file
     --embed-thumbnail                Embed thumbnail in the audio as cover art
     --add-metadata                   Write metadata to the video file

-    --metadata-from-title FORMAT     Parse additional metadata like song title / artist from the video title. The format syntax is the same as --output, the parsed
-                                     parameters replace existing values. Additional templates: %(album)s, %(artist)s. Example: --metadata-from-title "%(artist)s -
-                                     %(title)s" matches a title like "Coldplay - Paradise"
-    --xattrs                         Write metadata to the video file's xattrs (using dublin core and xdg standards)
-    --fixup POLICY                   Automatically correct known faults of the file. One of never (do nothing), warn (only emit a warning), detect_or_warn (the default;
-                                     fix file if we can, warn otherwise)
-    --prefer-avconv                  Prefer avconv over ffmpeg for running the postprocessors (default)
-    --prefer-ffmpeg                  Prefer ffmpeg over avconv for running the postprocessors
-    --ffmpeg-location PATH           Location of the ffmpeg/avconv binary; either the path to the binary or its containing directory.
-    --exec CMD                       Execute a command on the file after downloading, similar to find's -exec syntax. Example: --exec 'adb push {} /sdcard/Music/ && rm
-                                     {}'
-    --convert-subtitles FORMAT       Convert the subtitles to other format (currently supported: srt|ass|vtt)
+    --metadata-from-title FORMAT     Parse additional metadata like song title /
+                                     artist from the video title. The format
+                                     syntax is the same as --output, the parsed
+                                     parameters replace existing values.
+                                     Additional templates: %(album)s,
+                                     %(artist)s. Example: --metadata-from-title
+                                     "%(artist)s - %(title)s" matches a title
+                                     like "Coldplay - Paradise"
+    --xattrs                         Write metadata to the video file's xattrs
+                                     (using dublin core and xdg standards)
+    --fixup POLICY                   Automatically correct known faults of the
+                                     file. One of never (do nothing), warn (only
+                                     emit a warning), detect_or_warn (the
+                                     default; fix file if we can, warn
+                                     otherwise)
+    --prefer-avconv                  Prefer avconv over ffmpeg for running the
+                                     postprocessors (default)
+    --prefer-ffmpeg                  Prefer ffmpeg over avconv for running the
+                                     postprocessors
+    --ffmpeg-location PATH           Location of the ffmpeg/avconv binary;
+                                     either the path to the binary or its
+                                     containing directory.
+    --exec CMD                       Execute a command on the file after
+                                     downloading, similar to find's -exec
+                                     syntax. Example: --exec 'adb push {}
+                                     /sdcard/Music/ && rm {}'
+    --convert-subs FORMAT            Convert the subtitles to other format
+                                     (currently supported: srt|ass|vtt)

 
 # CONFIGURATION
 
 
 # CONFIGURATION
 

-You can configure youtube-dl by placing default arguments (such as `--extract-audio --no-mtime` to always extract the audio and not copy the mtime) into `/etc/youtube-dl.conf` and/or `~/.config/youtube-dl/config`. On Windows, the configuration file locations are `%APPDATA%\youtube-dl\config.txt` and `C:\Users\<user name>\youtube-dl.conf`.
+You can configure youtube-dl by placing any supported command line option to a configuration file. On Linux and OS X, the system wide configuration file is located at `/etc/youtube-dl.conf` and the user wide configuration file at `~/.config/youtube-dl/config`. On Windows, the user wide configuration file locations are `%APPDATA%\youtube-dl\config.txt` or `C:\Users\<user name>\youtube-dl.conf`.
+
+For example, with the following configuration file youtube-dl will always extract the audio, not copy the mtime, use a proxy and save all videos under `Movies` directory in your home directory:
+```
+-x
+--no-mtime
+--proxy 127.0.0.1:3128
+-o ~/Movies/%(title)s.%(ext)s
+```
+
+Note that options in configuration file are just the same options aka switches used in regular command line calls thus there **must be no whitespace** after `-` or `--`, e.g. `-o` or `--proxy` but not `- o` or `-- proxy`.

 
 

-### Authentication with `.netrc` file ###
+You can use `--ignore-config` if you want to disable the configuration file for a particular youtube-dl run.

 
 

-You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password with `--username` and `--password`) in order not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every youtube-dl execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in shell command history. You can achieve this using [`.netrc` file](http://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on per extractor basis. For that you will need to create `.netrc` file in your `$HOME` and restrict permissions to read/write by you only:
+### Authentication with `.netrc` file
+
+You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password with `--username` and `--password`) in order not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every youtube-dl execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can achieve this using a [`.netrc` file](http://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on per extractor basis. For that you will need to create a `.netrc` file in your `$HOME` and restrict permissions to read/write by you only:

 ```
 touch $HOME/.netrc
 chmod a-rwx,u+rw $HOME/.netrc
 ```
 touch $HOME/.netrc
 chmod a-rwx,u+rw $HOME/.netrc


@@ -254,50 +454,218 @@ For example:
 machine youtube login myaccount@gmail.com password my_youtube_password
 machine twitch login my_twitch_account_name password my_twitch_password
 ```
 machine youtube login myaccount@gmail.com password my_youtube_password
 machine twitch login my_twitch_account_name password my_twitch_password
 ```

-To activate authentication with `.netrc` file you should pass `--netrc` to youtube-dl or to place it in [configuration file](#configuration).
+To activate authentication with the `.netrc` file you should pass `--netrc` to youtube-dl or place it in the [configuration file](#configuration).

 
 

-On Windows you may also need to setup `%HOME%` environment variable manually.
+On Windows you may also need to setup the `%HOME%` environment variable manually.

 
 # OUTPUT TEMPLATE
 
 
 # OUTPUT TEMPLATE
 

-The `-o` option allows users to indicate a template for the output file names. The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single file, like in `youtube-dl -o funny_video.flv "http://some/video"`. However, it may contain special sequences that will be replaced when downloading each video. The special sequences have the format `%(NAME)s`. To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in parenthesis, followed by a lowercase S. Allowed names are:
-
- - `id`: The sequence will be replaced by the video identifier.
- - `url`: The sequence will be replaced by the video URL.
- - `uploader`: The sequence will be replaced by the nickname of the person who uploaded the video.
- - `upload_date`: The sequence will be replaced by the upload date in YYYYMMDD format.
- - `title`: The sequence will be replaced by the video title.
- - `ext`: The sequence will be replaced by the appropriate extension (like flv or mp4).
- - `epoch`: The sequence will be replaced by the Unix epoch when creating the file.
- - `autonumber`: The sequence will be replaced by a five-digit number that will be increased with each download, starting at zero.
- - `playlist`: The name or the id of the playlist that contains the video.
- - `playlist_index`: The index of the video in the playlist, a five-digit number.
+The `-o` option allows users to indicate a template for the output file names.
+
+**tl;dr:** [navigate me to examples](#output-template-examples).
+
+The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single file, like in `youtube-dl -o funny_video.flv "http://some/video"`. However, it may contain special sequences that will be replaced when downloading each video. The special sequences have the format `%(NAME)s`. To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in parentheses, followed by a lowercase S. Allowed names are:
+
+ - `id`: Video identifier
+ - `title`: Video title
+ - `url`: Video URL
+ - `ext`: Video filename extension
+ - `alt_title`: A secondary title of the video
+ - `display_id`: An alternative identifier for the video
+ - `uploader`: Full name of the video uploader
+ - `license`: License name the video is licensed under
+ - `creator`: The creator of the video
+ - `release_date`: The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was released
+ - `timestamp`: UNIX timestamp of the moment the video became available
+ - `upload_date`: Video upload date (YYYYMMDD)
+ - `uploader_id`: Nickname or id of the video uploader
+ - `location`: Physical location where the video was filmed
+ - `duration`: Length of the video in seconds
+ - `view_count`: How many users have watched the video on the platform
+ - `like_count`: Number of positive ratings of the video
+ - `dislike_count`: Number of negative ratings of the video
+ - `repost_count`: Number of reposts of the video
+ - `average_rating`: Average rating give by users, the scale used depends on the webpage
+ - `comment_count`: Number of comments on the video
+ - `age_limit`: Age restriction for the video (years)
+ - `format`: A human-readable description of the format 
+ - `format_id`: Format code specified by `--format`
+ - `format_note`: Additional info about the format
+ - `width`: Width of the video
+ - `height`: Height of the video
+ - `resolution`: Textual description of width and height
+ - `tbr`: Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s
+ - `abr`: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s
+ - `acodec`: Name of the audio codec in use
+ - `asr`: Audio sampling rate in Hertz
+ - `vbr`: Average video bitrate in KBit/s
+ - `fps`: Frame rate
+ - `vcodec`: Name of the video codec in use
+ - `container`: Name of the container format
+ - `filesize`: The number of bytes, if known in advance
+ - `filesize_approx`: An estimate for the number of bytes
+ - `protocol`: The protocol that will be used for the actual download
+ - `extractor`: Name of the extractor
+ - `extractor_key`: Key name of the extractor
+ - `epoch`: Unix epoch when creating the file
+ - `autonumber`: Five-digit number that will be increased with each download, starting at zero
+ - `playlist`: Name or id of the playlist that contains the video
+ - `playlist_index`: Index of the video in the playlist padded with leading zeros according to the total length of the playlist
+ - `playlist_id`: Playlist identifier
+ - `playlist_title`: Playlist title
+
+
+Available for the video that belongs to some logical chapter or section:
+ - `chapter`: Name or title of the chapter the video belongs to
+ - `chapter_number`: Number of the chapter the video belongs to
+ - `chapter_id`: Id of the chapter the video belongs to
+
+Available for the video that is an episode of some series or programme:
+ - `series`: Title of the series or programme the video episode belongs to
+ - `season`: Title of the season the video episode belongs to
+ - `season_number`: Number of the season the video episode belongs to
+ - `season_id`: Id of the season the video episode belongs to
+ - `episode`: Title of the video episode
+ - `episode_number`: Number of the video episode within a season
+ - `episode_id`: Id of the video episode
+
+Available for the media that is a track or a part of a music album:
+ - `track`: Title of the track
+ - `track_number`: Number of the track within an album or a disc
+ - `track_id`: Id of the track
+ - `artist`: Artist(s) of the track
+ - `genre`: Genre(s) of the track
+ - `album`: Title of the album the track belongs to
+ - `album_type`: Type of the album
+ - `album_artist`: List of all artists appeared on the album
+ - `disc_number`: Number of the disc or other physical medium the track belongs to
+ - `release_year`: Year (YYYY) when the album was released
+
+Each aforementioned sequence when referenced in output template will be replaced by the actual value corresponding to the sequence name. Note that some of the sequences are not guaranteed to be present since they depend on the metadata obtained by particular extractor, such sequences will be replaced with `NA`.
+
+For example for `-o %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s` and mp4 video with title `youtube-dl test video` and id `BaW_jenozKcj` this will result in a `youtube-dl test video-BaW_jenozKcj.mp4` file created in the current directory.
+
+Output template can also contain arbitrary hierarchical path, e.g. `-o '%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s'` that will result in downloading each video in a directory corresponding to this path template. Any missing directory will be automatically created for you.
+
+To specify percent literal in output template use `%%`. To output to stdout use `-o -`.

 
 The current default template is `%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s`.
 
 In some cases, you don't want special characters such as 中, spaces, or &, such as when transferring the downloaded filename to a Windows system or the filename through an 8bit-unsafe channel. In these cases, add the `--restrict-filenames` flag to get a shorter title:
 
 
 The current default template is `%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s`.
 
 In some cases, you don't want special characters such as 中, spaces, or &, such as when transferring the downloaded filename to a Windows system or the filename through an 8bit-unsafe channel. In these cases, add the `--restrict-filenames` flag to get a shorter title:
 

+#### Output template and Windows batch files
+
+If you are using output template inside a Windows batch file then you must escape plain percent characters (`%`) by doubling, so that `-o "%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s"` should become `-o "%%(title)s-%%(id)s.%%(ext)s"`. However you should not touch `%`'s that are not plain characters, e.g. environment variables for expansion should stay intact: `-o "C:\%HOMEPATH%\Desktop\%%(title)s.%%(ext)s"`.
+
+#### Output template examples
+
+Note on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single.
+

 ```bash
 ```bash

-$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc
+$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o '%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc

 youtube-dl test video ''_ä↭𝕐.mp4    # All kinds of weird characters
 youtube-dl test video ''_ä↭𝕐.mp4    # All kinds of weird characters

-$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc --restrict-filenames
+
+$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o '%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc --restrict-filenames

 youtube-dl_test_video_.mp4          # A simple file name
 youtube-dl_test_video_.mp4          # A simple file name

+
+# Download YouTube playlist videos in separate directory indexed by video order in a playlist
+$ youtube-dl -o '%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re
+
+# Download all playlists of YouTube channel/user keeping each playlist in separate directory:
+$ youtube-dl -o '%(uploader)s/%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation/playlists
+
+# Download Udemy course keeping each chapter in separate directory under MyVideos directory in your home
+$ youtube-dl -u user -p password -o '~/MyVideos/%(playlist)s/%(chapter_number)s - %(chapter)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.udemy.com/java-tutorial/
+
+# Download entire series season keeping each series and each season in separate directory under C:/MyVideos
+$ youtube-dl -o "C:/MyVideos/%(series)s/%(season_number)s - %(season)s/%(episode_number)s - %(episode)s.%(ext)s" http://videomore.ru/kino_v_detalayah/5_sezon/367617
+
+# Stream the video being downloaded to stdout
+$ youtube-dl -o - BaW_jenozKc

 ```
 
 # FORMAT SELECTION
 
 ```
 
 # FORMAT SELECTION
 

-By default youtube-dl tries to download the best quality, but sometimes you may want to download other format.
-The simplest case is requesting a specific format, for example `-f 22`. You can get the list of available formats using `--list-formats`, you can also use a file extension (currently it supports aac, m4a, mp3, mp4, ogg, wav, webm) or the special names `best`, `bestvideo`, `bestaudio` and `worst`.
+By default youtube-dl tries to download the best available quality, i.e. if you want the best quality you **don't need** to pass any special options, youtube-dl will guess it for you by **default**.
+
+But sometimes you may want to download in a different format, for example when you are on a slow or intermittent connection. The key mechanism for achieving this is so called *format selection* based on which you can explicitly specify desired format, select formats based on some criterion or criteria, setup precedence and much more.
+
+The general syntax for format selection is `--format FORMAT` or shorter `-f FORMAT` where `FORMAT` is a *selector expression*, i.e. an expression that describes format or formats you would like to download.
+
+**tl;dr:** [navigate me to examples](#format-selection-examples).
+
+The simplest case is requesting a specific format, for example with `-f 22` you can download the format with format code equal to 22. You can get the list of available format codes for particular video using `--list-formats` or `-F`. Note that these format codes are extractor specific. 
+
+You can also use a file extension (currently `3gp`, `aac`, `flv`, `m4a`, `mp3`, `mp4`, `ogg`, `wav`, `webm` are supported) to download best quality format of particular file extension served as a single file, e.g. `-f webm` will download best quality format with `webm` extension served as a single file.
+
+You can also use special names to select particular edge case format:
+ - `best`: Select best quality format represented by single file with video and audio
+ - `worst`: Select worst quality format represented by single file with video and audio
+ - `bestvideo`: Select best quality video only format (e.g. DASH video), may not be available
+ - `worstvideo`: Select worst quality video only format, may not be available
+ - `bestaudio`: Select best quality audio only format, may not be available
+ - `worstaudio`: Select worst quality audio only format, may not be available
+
+For example, to download worst quality video only format you can use `-f worstvideo`.
+
+If you want to download multiple videos and they don't have the same formats available, you can specify the order of preference using slashes. Note that slash is left-associative, i.e. formats on the left hand side are preferred, for example `-f 22/17/18` will download format 22 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 17 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 18 if it's available, otherwise it will complain that no suitable formats are available for download.
+
+If you want to download several formats of the same video use comma as a separator, e.g. `-f 22,17,18` will download all these three formats, of course if they are available. Or more sophisticated example combined with precedence feature `-f 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio`.
+
+You can also filter the video formats by putting a condition in brackets, as in `-f "best[height=720]"` (or `-f "[filesize>10M]"`).
+
+The following numeric meta fields can be used with comparisons `<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=`, `=` (equals), `!=` (not equals):
+ - `filesize`: The number of bytes, if known in advance
+ - `width`: Width of the video, if known
+ - `height`: Height of the video, if known
+ - `tbr`: Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s
+ - `abr`: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s
+ - `vbr`: Average video bitrate in KBit/s
+ - `asr`: Audio sampling rate in Hertz
+ - `fps`: Frame rate

 
 

-If you want to download multiple videos and they don't have the same formats available, you can specify the order of preference using slashes, as in `-f 22/17/18`. You can also filter the video results by putting a condition in brackets, as in `-f "best[height=720]"` (or `-f "[filesize>10M]"`).  This works for filesize, height, width, tbr, abr, vbr, asr, and fps and the comparisons <, <=, >, >=, =, != and for ext, acodec, vcodec, container, and protocol and the comparisons =, != . Formats for which the value is not known are excluded unless you put a question mark (?) after the operator. You can combine format filters, so  `-f "[height <=? 720][tbr>500]"` selects up to 720p videos (or videos where the height is not known) with a bitrate of at least 500 KBit/s. Use commas to download multiple formats, such as `-f 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio`. You can merge the video and audio of two formats into a single file using `-f <video-format>+<audio-format>` (requires ffmpeg or avconv), for example `-f bestvideo+bestaudio`.
+Also filtering work for comparisons `=` (equals), `!=` (not equals), `^=` (begins with), `$=` (ends with), `*=` (contains) and following string meta fields:
+ - `ext`: File extension
+ - `acodec`: Name of the audio codec in use
+ - `vcodec`: Name of the video codec in use
+ - `container`: Name of the container format
+ - `protocol`: The protocol that will be used for the actual download, lower-case. `http`, `https`, `rtsp`, `rtmp`, `rtmpe`, `m3u8`, or `m3u8_native`
+ - `format_id`: A short description of the format

 
 

-Since the end of April 2015 and version 2015.04.26 youtube-dl uses `-f bestvideo+bestaudio/best` as default format selection (see #5447, #5456). If ffmpeg or avconv are installed this results in downloading `bestvideo` and `bestaudio` separately and muxing them together into a single file giving the best overall quality available. Otherwise it falls back to `best` and results in downloading best available quality served as a single file. `best` is also needed for videos that don't come from YouTube because they don't provide the audio and video in two different files. If you want to only download some dash formats (for example if you are not interested in getting videos with a resolution higher than 1080p), you can add `-f bestvideo[height<=?1080]+bestaudio/best` to your configuration file. Note that if you use youtube-dl to stream to `stdout` (and most likely to pipe it to your media player then), i.e. you explicitly specify output template as `-o -`, youtube-dl still uses `-f best` format selection in order to start content delivery immediately to your player and not to wait until `bestvideo` and `bestaudio` are downloaded and muxed.
+Note that none of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be present since this solely depends on the metadata obtained by particular extractor, i.e. the metadata offered by video hoster.
+
+Formats for which the value is not known are excluded unless you put a question mark (`?`) after the operator. You can combine format filters, so `-f "[height <=? 720][tbr>500]"` selects up to 720p videos (or videos where the height is not known) with a bitrate of at least 500 KBit/s.
+
+You can merge the video and audio of two formats into a single file using `-f <video-format>+<audio-format>` (requires ffmpeg or avconv installed), for example `-f bestvideo+bestaudio` will download best video only format, best audio only format and mux them together with ffmpeg/avconv.
+
+Format selectors can also be grouped using parentheses, for example if you want to download the best mp4 and webm formats with a height lower than 480 you can use `-f '(mp4,webm)[height<480]'`.
+
+Since the end of April 2015 and version 2015.04.26 youtube-dl uses `-f bestvideo+bestaudio/best` as default format selection (see [#5447](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/5447), [#5456](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/5456)). If ffmpeg or avconv are installed this results in downloading `bestvideo` and `bestaudio` separately and muxing them together into a single file giving the best overall quality available. Otherwise it falls back to `best` and results in downloading the best available quality served as a single file. `best` is also needed for videos that don't come from YouTube because they don't provide the audio and video in two different files. If you want to only download some DASH formats (for example if you are not interested in getting videos with a resolution higher than 1080p), you can add `-f bestvideo[height<=?1080]+bestaudio/best` to your configuration file. Note that if you use youtube-dl to stream to `stdout` (and most likely to pipe it to your media player then), i.e. you explicitly specify output template as `-o -`, youtube-dl still uses `-f best` format selection in order to start content delivery immediately to your player and not to wait until `bestvideo` and `bestaudio` are downloaded and muxed.
+
+If you want to preserve the old format selection behavior (prior to youtube-dl 2015.04.26), i.e. you want to download the best available quality media served as a single file, you should explicitly specify your choice with `-f best`. You may want to add it to the [configuration file](#configuration) in order not to type it every time you run youtube-dl.
+
+#### Format selection examples
+
+Note on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single.
+
+```bash
+# Download best mp4 format available or any other best if no mp4 available
+$ youtube-dl -f 'bestvideo[ext=mp4]+bestaudio[ext=m4a]/best[ext=mp4]/best'
+
+# Download best format available but not better that 480p
+$ youtube-dl -f 'bestvideo[height<=480]+bestaudio/best[height<=480]'
+
+# Download best video only format but no bigger that 50 MB
+$ youtube-dl -f 'best[filesize<50M]'
+
+# Download best format available via direct link over HTTP/HTTPS protocol
+$ youtube-dl -f '(bestvideo+bestaudio/best)[protocol^=http]'
+```

 
 

-If you want to preserve the old format selection behavior (prior to youtube-dl 2015.04.26), i.e. you want to download best available quality media served as a single file, you should explicitly specify your choice with `-f best`. You may want to add it to the [configuration file](#configuration) in order not to type it every time you run youtube-dl.

 
 # VIDEO SELECTION
 
 
 # VIDEO SELECTION
 

-Videos can be filtered by their upload date using the options `--date`, `--datebefore` or `--dateafter`, they accept dates in two formats:
+Videos can be filtered by their upload date using the options `--date`, `--datebefore` or `--dateafter`. They accept dates in two formats:

 
  - Absolute dates: Dates in the format `YYYYMMDD`.
  - Relative dates: Dates in the format `(now|today)[+-][0-9](day|week|month|year)(s)?`
 
  - Absolute dates: Dates in the format `YYYYMMDD`.
  - Relative dates: Dates in the format `(now|today)[+-][0-9](day|week|month|year)(s)?`


@@ -311,7 +679,7 @@ $ youtube-dl --dateafter now-6months
 # Download only the videos uploaded on January 1, 1970
 $ youtube-dl --date 19700101
 
 # Download only the videos uploaded on January 1, 1970
 $ youtube-dl --date 19700101
 

-$ # will only download the videos uploaded in the 200x decade
+$ # Download only the videos uploaded in the 200x decade

 $ youtube-dl --dateafter 20000101 --datebefore 20091231
 ```
 
 $ youtube-dl --dateafter 20000101 --datebefore 20091231
 ```
 


@@ -323,7 +691,7 @@ If you've followed [our manual installation instructions](http://rg3.github.io/y
 
 If you have used pip, a simple `sudo pip install -U youtube-dl` is sufficient to update.
 
 
 If you have used pip, a simple `sudo pip install -U youtube-dl` is sufficient to update.
 

-If you have installed youtube-dl using a package manager like *apt-get* or *yum*, use the standard system update mechanism to update. Note that distribution packages are often outdated. As a rule of thumb, youtube-dl releases at least once a month, and often weekly or even daily. Simply go to http://yt-dl.org/ to find out the current version. Unfortunately, there is nothing we youtube-dl developers can do if your distributions serves a really outdated version. You can (and should) complain to your distribution in their bugtracker or support forum.
+If you have installed youtube-dl using a package manager like *apt-get* or *yum*, use the standard system update mechanism to update. Note that distribution packages are often outdated. As a rule of thumb, youtube-dl releases at least once a month, and often weekly or even daily. Simply go to http://yt-dl.org/ to find out the current version. Unfortunately, there is nothing we youtube-dl developers can do if your distribution serves a really outdated version. You can (and should) complain to your distribution in their bugtracker or support forum.

 
 As a last resort, you can also uninstall the version installed by your package manager and follow our manual installation instructions. For that, remove the distribution's package, with a line like
 
 
 As a last resort, you can also uninstall the version installed by your package manager and follow our manual installation instructions. For that, remove the distribution's package, with a line like
 


@@ -339,17 +707,25 @@ hash -r
 
 Again, from then on you'll be able to update with `sudo youtube-dl -U`.
 
 
 Again, from then on you'll be able to update with `sudo youtube-dl -U`.
 

+### youtube-dl is extremely slow to start on Windows
+
+Add a file exclusion for `youtube-dl.exe` in Windows Defender settings.
+

 ### I'm getting an error `Unable to extract OpenGraph title` on YouTube playlists
 
 YouTube changed their playlist format in March 2014 and later on, so you'll need at least youtube-dl 2014.07.25 to download all YouTube videos.
 
 If you have installed youtube-dl with a package manager, pip, setup.py or a tarball, please use that to update. Note that Ubuntu packages do not seem to get updated anymore. Since we are not affiliated with Ubuntu, there is little we can do. Feel free to [report bugs](https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/youtube-dl/+filebug) to the [Ubuntu packaging guys](mailto:ubuntu-motu@lists.ubuntu.com?subject=outdated%20version%20of%20youtube-dl) - all they have to do is update the package to a somewhat recent version. See above for a way to update.
 
 ### I'm getting an error `Unable to extract OpenGraph title` on YouTube playlists
 
 YouTube changed their playlist format in March 2014 and later on, so you'll need at least youtube-dl 2014.07.25 to download all YouTube videos.
 
 If you have installed youtube-dl with a package manager, pip, setup.py or a tarball, please use that to update. Note that Ubuntu packages do not seem to get updated anymore. Since we are not affiliated with Ubuntu, there is little we can do. Feel free to [report bugs](https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/youtube-dl/+filebug) to the [Ubuntu packaging guys](mailto:ubuntu-motu@lists.ubuntu.com?subject=outdated%20version%20of%20youtube-dl) - all they have to do is update the package to a somewhat recent version. See above for a way to update.
 

+### I'm getting an error when trying to use output template: `error: using output template conflicts with using title, video ID or auto number`
+
+Make sure you are not using `-o` with any of these options `-t`, `--title`, `--id`, `-A` or `--auto-number` set in command line or in a configuration file. Remove the latter if any.
+

 ### Do I always have to pass `-citw`?
 
 By default, youtube-dl intends to have the best options (incidentally, if you have a convincing case that these should be different, [please file an issue where you explain that](https://yt-dl.org/bug)). Therefore, it is unnecessary and sometimes harmful to copy long option strings from webpages. In particular, the only option out of `-citw` that is regularly useful is `-i`.
 
 ### Do I always have to pass `-citw`?
 
 By default, youtube-dl intends to have the best options (incidentally, if you have a convincing case that these should be different, [please file an issue where you explain that](https://yt-dl.org/bug)). Therefore, it is unnecessary and sometimes harmful to copy long option strings from webpages. In particular, the only option out of `-citw` that is regularly useful is `-i`.
 

-### Can you please put the -b option back?
+### Can you please put the `-b` option back?

 
 Most people asking this question are not aware that youtube-dl now defaults to downloading the highest available quality as reported by YouTube, which will be 1080p or 720p in some cases, so you no longer need the `-b` option. For some specific videos, maybe YouTube does not report them to be available in a specific high quality format you're interested in. In that case, simply request it with the `-f` option and youtube-dl will try to download it.
 
 
 Most people asking this question are not aware that youtube-dl now defaults to downloading the highest available quality as reported by YouTube, which will be 1080p or 720p in some cases, so you no longer need the `-b` option. For some specific videos, maybe YouTube does not report them to be available in a specific high quality format you're interested in. In that case, simply request it with the `-f` option and youtube-dl will try to download it.
 


@@ -357,17 +733,23 @@ Most people asking this question are not aware that youtube-dl now defaults to d
 
 Apparently YouTube requires you to pass a CAPTCHA test if you download too much. We're [considering to provide a way to let you solve the CAPTCHA](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/154), but at the moment, your best course of action is pointing a webbrowser to the youtube URL, solving the CAPTCHA, and restart youtube-dl.
 
 
 Apparently YouTube requires you to pass a CAPTCHA test if you download too much. We're [considering to provide a way to let you solve the CAPTCHA](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/154), but at the moment, your best course of action is pointing a webbrowser to the youtube URL, solving the CAPTCHA, and restart youtube-dl.
 

+### Do I need any other programs?
+
+youtube-dl works fine on its own on most sites. However, if you want to convert video/audio, you'll need [avconv](https://libav.org/) or [ffmpeg](https://www.ffmpeg.org/). On some sites - most notably YouTube - videos can be retrieved in a higher quality format without sound. youtube-dl will detect whether avconv/ffmpeg is present and automatically pick the best option.
+
+Videos or video formats streamed via RTMP protocol can only be downloaded when [rtmpdump](https://rtmpdump.mplayerhq.hu/) is installed. Downloading MMS and RTSP videos requires either [mplayer](http://mplayerhq.hu/) or [mpv](https://mpv.io/) to be installed.
+

 ### I have downloaded a video but how can I play it?
 
 ### I have downloaded a video but how can I play it?
 

-Once the video is fully downloaded, use any video player, such as [vlc](http://www.videolan.org) or [mplayer](http://www.mplayerhq.hu/).
+Once the video is fully downloaded, use any video player, such as [mpv](https://mpv.io/), [vlc](http://www.videolan.org) or [mplayer](http://www.mplayerhq.hu/).

 
 

-### I extracted a video URL with -g, but it does not play on another machine / in my webbrowser.
+### I extracted a video URL with `-g`, but it does not play on another machine / in my webbrowser.

 
 It depends a lot on the service. In many cases, requests for the video (to download/play it) must come from the same IP address and with the same cookies.  Use the `--cookies` option to write the required cookies into a file, and advise your downloader to read cookies from that file. Some sites also require a common user agent to be used, use `--dump-user-agent` to see the one in use by youtube-dl.
 
 It may be beneficial to use IPv6; in some cases, the restrictions are only applied to IPv4. Some services (sometimes only for a subset of videos) do not restrict the video URL by IP address, cookie, or user-agent, but these are the exception rather than the rule.
 
 
 It depends a lot on the service. In many cases, requests for the video (to download/play it) must come from the same IP address and with the same cookies.  Use the `--cookies` option to write the required cookies into a file, and advise your downloader to read cookies from that file. Some sites also require a common user agent to be used, use `--dump-user-agent` to see the one in use by youtube-dl.
 
 It may be beneficial to use IPv6; in some cases, the restrictions are only applied to IPv4. Some services (sometimes only for a subset of videos) do not restrict the video URL by IP address, cookie, or user-agent, but these are the exception rather than the rule.
 

-Please bear in mind that some URL protocols are **not** supported by browsers out of the box, including RTMP. If you are using -g, your own downloader must support these as well.
+Please bear in mind that some URL protocols are **not** supported by browsers out of the box, including RTMP. If you are using `-g`, your own downloader must support these as well.

 
 If you want to play the video on a machine that is not running youtube-dl, you can relay the video content from the machine that runs youtube-dl. You can use `-o -` to let youtube-dl stream a video to stdout, or simply allow the player to download the files written by youtube-dl in turn.
 
 
 If you want to play the video on a machine that is not running youtube-dl, you can relay the video content from the machine that runs youtube-dl. You can use `-o -` to let youtube-dl stream a video to stdout, or simply allow the player to download the files written by youtube-dl in turn.
 


@@ -375,13 +757,13 @@ If you want to play the video on a machine that is not running youtube-dl, you c
 
 YouTube has switched to a new video info format in July 2011 which is not supported by old versions of youtube-dl. See [above](#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update youtube-dl.
 
 
 YouTube has switched to a new video info format in July 2011 which is not supported by old versions of youtube-dl. See [above](#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update youtube-dl.
 

-### ERROR: unable to download video ###
+### ERROR: unable to download video

 
 YouTube requires an additional signature since September 2012 which is not supported by old versions of youtube-dl. See [above](#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update youtube-dl.
 
 
 YouTube requires an additional signature since September 2012 which is not supported by old versions of youtube-dl. See [above](#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update youtube-dl.
 

-### Video URL contains an ampersand and I'm getting some strange output `[1] 2839` or `'v' is not recognized as an internal or external command` ###
+### Video URL contains an ampersand and I'm getting some strange output `[1] 2839` or `'v' is not recognized as an internal or external command`

 
 

-That's actually the output from your shell. Since ampersand is one of the special shell characters it's interpreted by shell preventing you from passing the whole URL to youtube-dl. To disable your shell from interpreting the ampersands (or any other special characters) you have to either put the whole URL in quotes or escape them with a backslash (which approach will work depends on your shell).
+That's actually the output from your shell. Since ampersand is one of the special shell characters it's interpreted by the shell preventing you from passing the whole URL to youtube-dl. To disable your shell from interpreting the ampersands (or any other special characters) you have to either put the whole URL in quotes or escape them with a backslash (which approach will work depends on your shell).

 
 For example if your URL is https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc you should end up with following command:
 
 
 For example if your URL is https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc you should end up with following command:
 


@@ -403,7 +785,7 @@ In February 2015, the new YouTube player contained a character sequence in a str
 
 These two error codes indicate that the service is blocking your IP address because of overuse. Contact the service and ask them to unblock your IP address, or - if you have acquired a whitelisted IP address already - use the [`--proxy` or `--source-address` options](#network-options) to select another IP address.
 
 
 These two error codes indicate that the service is blocking your IP address because of overuse. Contact the service and ask them to unblock your IP address, or - if you have acquired a whitelisted IP address already - use the [`--proxy` or `--source-address` options](#network-options) to select another IP address.
 

-### SyntaxError: Non-ASCII character ###
+### SyntaxError: Non-ASCII character

 
 The error
 
 
 The error
 


@@ -414,11 +796,11 @@ means you're using an outdated version of Python. Please update to Python 2.6 or
 
 ### What is this binary file? Where has the code gone?
 
 
 ### What is this binary file? Where has the code gone?
 

-Since June 2012 (#342) youtube-dl is packed as an executable zipfile, simply unzip it (might need renaming to `youtube-dl.zip` first on some systems) or clone the git repository, as laid out above. If you modify the code, you can run it by executing the `__main__.py` file. To recompile the executable, run `make youtube-dl`.
+Since June 2012 ([#342](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/342)) youtube-dl is packed as an executable zipfile, simply unzip it (might need renaming to `youtube-dl.zip` first on some systems) or clone the git repository, as laid out above. If you modify the code, you can run it by executing the `__main__.py` file. To recompile the executable, run `make youtube-dl`.

 
 

-### The exe throws a *Runtime error from Visual C++*
+### The exe throws an error due to missing `MSVCR100.dll`

 
 

-To run the exe you need to install first the [Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable Package](http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=29).
+To run the exe you need to install first the [Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Redistributable Package (x86)](https://www.microsoft.com/en-US/download/details.aspx?id=5555).

 
 ### On Windows, how should I set up ffmpeg and youtube-dl? Where should I put the exe files?
 
 
 ### On Windows, how should I set up ffmpeg and youtube-dl? Where should I put the exe files?
 


@@ -432,13 +814,19 @@ From then on, after restarting your shell, you will be able to access both youtu
 
 Use the `-o` to specify an [output template](#output-template), for example `-o "/home/user/videos/%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s"`. If you want this for all of your downloads, put the option into your [configuration file](#configuration).
 
 
 Use the `-o` to specify an [output template](#output-template), for example `-o "/home/user/videos/%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s"`. If you want this for all of your downloads, put the option into your [configuration file](#configuration).
 

-### How do I download a video starting with a `-` ?
+### How do I download a video starting with a `-`?

 
 Either prepend `http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=` or separate the ID from the options with `--`:
 
     youtube-dl -- -wNyEUrxzFU
     youtube-dl "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wNyEUrxzFU"
 
 
 Either prepend `http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=` or separate the ID from the options with `--`:
 
     youtube-dl -- -wNyEUrxzFU
     youtube-dl "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wNyEUrxzFU"
 

+### How do I pass cookies to youtube-dl?
+
+Use the `--cookies` option, for example `--cookies /path/to/cookies/file.txt`. Note that the cookies file must be in Mozilla/Netscape format and the first line of the cookies file must be either `# HTTP Cookie File` or `# Netscape HTTP Cookie File`. Make sure you have correct [newline format](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newline) in the cookies file and convert newlines if necessary to correspond with your OS, namely `CRLF` (`\r\n`) for Windows, `LF` (`\n`) for Linux and `CR` (`\r`) for Mac OS. `HTTP Error 400: Bad Request` when using `--cookies` is a good sign of invalid newline format.
+
+Passing cookies to youtube-dl is a good way to workaround login when a particular extractor does not implement it explicitly. Another use case is working around [CAPTCHA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAPTCHA) some websites require you to solve in particular cases in order to get access (e.g. YouTube, CloudFlare).
+

 ### Can you add support for this anime video site, or site which shows current movies for free?
 
 As a matter of policy (as well as legality), youtube-dl does not include support for services that specialize in infringing copyright. As a rule of thumb, if you cannot easily find a video that the service is quite obviously allowed to distribute (i.e. that has been uploaded by the creator, the creator's distributor, or is published under a free license), the service is probably unfit for inclusion to youtube-dl.
 ### Can you add support for this anime video site, or site which shows current movies for free?
 
 As a matter of policy (as well as legality), youtube-dl does not include support for services that specialize in infringing copyright. As a rule of thumb, if you cannot easily find a video that the service is quite obviously allowed to distribute (i.e. that has been uploaded by the creator, the creator's distributor, or is published under a free license), the service is probably unfit for inclusion to youtube-dl.


@@ -467,6 +855,12 @@ It is *not* possible to detect whether a URL is supported or not. That's because
 
 If you want to find out whether a given URL is supported, simply call youtube-dl with it. If you get no videos back, chances are the URL is either not referring to a video or unsupported. You can find out which by examining the output (if you run youtube-dl on the console) or catching an `UnsupportedError` exception if you run it from a Python program.
 
 
 If you want to find out whether a given URL is supported, simply call youtube-dl with it. If you get no videos back, chances are the URL is either not referring to a video or unsupported. You can find out which by examining the output (if you run youtube-dl on the console) or catching an `UnsupportedError` exception if you run it from a Python program.
 

+# Why do I need to go through that much red tape when filing bugs?
+
+Before we had the issue template, despite our extensive [bug reporting instructions](#bugs), about 80% of the issue reports we got were useless, for instance because people used ancient versions hundreds of releases old, because of simple syntactic errors (not in youtube-dl but in general shell usage), because the problem was alrady reported multiple times before, because people did not actually read an error message, even if it said "please install ffmpeg", because people did not mention the URL they were trying to download and many more simple, easy-to-avoid problems, many of whom were totally unrelated to youtube-dl.
+
+youtube-dl is an open-source project manned by too few volunteers, so we'd rather spend time fixing bugs where we are certain none of those simple problems apply, and where we can be reasonably confident to be able to reproduce the issue without asking the reporter repeatedly. As such, the output of `youtube-dl -v YOUR_URL_HERE` is really all that's required to file an issue. The issue template also guides you through some basic steps you can do, such as checking that your version of youtube-dl is current.
+

 # DEVELOPER INSTRUCTIONS
 
 Most users do not need to build youtube-dl and can [download the builds](http://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html) or get them from their distribution.
 # DEVELOPER INSTRUCTIONS
 
 Most users do not need to build youtube-dl and can [download the builds](http://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html) or get them from their distribution.


@@ -484,14 +878,16 @@ To run the test, simply invoke your favorite test runner, or execute a test file
 If you want to create a build of youtube-dl yourself, you'll need
 
 * python
 If you want to create a build of youtube-dl yourself, you'll need
 
 * python

-* make
+* make (both GNU make and BSD make are supported)

 * pandoc
 * zip
 * nosetests
 
 ### Adding support for a new site
 
 * pandoc
 * zip
 * nosetests
 
 ### Adding support for a new site
 

-If you want to add support for a new site, you can follow this quick list (assuming your service is called `yourextractor`):
+If you want to add support for a new site, first of all **make sure** this site is **not dedicated to [copyright infringement](#can-you-add-support-for-this-anime-video-site-or-site-which-shows-current-movies-for-free)**. youtube-dl does **not support** such sites thus pull requests adding support for them **will be rejected**.
+
+After you have ensured this site is distributing it's content legally, you can follow this quick list (assuming your service is called `yourextractor`):

 
 1. [Fork this repository](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/fork)
 2. Check out the source code with `git clone git@github.com:YOUR_GITHUB_USERNAME/youtube-dl.git`
 
 1. [Fork this repository](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/fork)
 2. Check out the source code with `git clone git@github.com:YOUR_GITHUB_USERNAME/youtube-dl.git`


@@ -527,27 +923,29 @@ If you want to add support for a new site, you can follow this quick list (assum
             webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
             # TODO more code goes here, for example ...
             webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
 
             # TODO more code goes here, for example ...

-            title = self._html_search_regex(r'<h1>(.*?)</h1>', webpage, 'title')
+            title = self._html_search_regex(r'<h1>(.+?)</h1>', webpage, 'title')

 
             return {
                 'id': video_id,
                 'title': title,
                 'description': self._og_search_description(webpage),
 
             return {
                 'id': video_id,
                 'title': title,
                 'description': self._og_search_description(webpage),

+                'uploader': self._search_regex(r'<div[^>]+id="uploader"[^>]*>([^<]+)<', webpage, 'uploader', fatal=False),

                 # TODO more properties (see youtube_dl/extractor/common.py)
             }
     ```
                 # TODO more properties (see youtube_dl/extractor/common.py)
             }
     ```

-5. Add an import in [`youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py`](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py).
-6. Run `python test/test_download.py TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`. This *should fail* at first, but you can continually re-run it until you're done. If you decide to add more than one test, then rename ``_TEST`` to ``_TESTS`` and make it into a list of dictionaries. The tests will be then be named `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_1`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_2`, etc.
-7. Have a look at [`youtube_dl/common/extractor/common.py`](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py) for possible helper methods and a [detailed description of what your extractor should return](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L38). Add tests and code for as many as you want.
-8. If you can, check the code with [flake8](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/flake8).
-9. When the tests pass, [add](http://git-scm.com/docs/git-add) the new files and [commit](http://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit) them and [push](http://git-scm.com/docs/git-push) the result, like this:
-
-        $ git add youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py
+5. Add an import in [`youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py`](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py).
+6. Run `python test/test_download.py TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`. This *should fail* at first, but you can continually re-run it until you're done. If you decide to add more than one test, then rename ``_TEST`` to ``_TESTS`` and make it into a list of dictionaries. The tests will then be named `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_1`, `TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_2`, etc.
+7. Have a look at [`youtube_dl/extractor/common.py`](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py) for possible helper methods and a [detailed description of what your extractor should and may return](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L74-L252). Add tests and code for as many as you want.
+8. Keep in mind that the only mandatory fields in info dict for successful extraction process are `id`, `title` and either `url` or `formats`, i.e. these are the critical data the extraction does not make any sense without. This means that [any field](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L148-L252) apart from aforementioned mandatory ones should be treated **as optional** and extraction should be **tolerate** to situations when sources for these fields can potentially be unavailable (even if they always available at the moment) and **future-proof** in order not to break the extraction of general purpose mandatory fields. For example, if you have some intermediate dict `meta` that is a source of metadata and it has a key `summary` that you want to extract and put into resulting info dict as `description`, you should be ready that this key may be missing from the `meta` dict, i.e. you should extract it as `meta.get('summary')` and not `meta['summary']`. Similarly, you should pass `fatal=False` when extracting data from a webpage with `_search_regex/_html_search_regex`.
+9. Check the code with [flake8](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/flake8). Also make sure your code works under all [Python](http://www.python.org/) versions claimed supported by youtube-dl, namely 2.6, 2.7, and 3.2+.
+10. When the tests pass, [add](http://git-scm.com/docs/git-add) the new files and [commit](http://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit) them and [push](http://git-scm.com/docs/git-push) the result, like this:
+
+        $ git add youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py

         $ git add youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py
         $ git commit -m '[yourextractor] Add new extractor'
         $ git push origin yourextractor
 
         $ git add youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py
         $ git commit -m '[yourextractor] Add new extractor'
         $ git push origin yourextractor
 

-10. Finally, [create a pull request](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-pull-request). We'll then review and merge it.
+11. Finally, [create a pull request](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-pull-request). We'll then review and merge it.

 
 In any case, thank you very much for your contributions!
 
 
 In any case, thank you very much for your contributions!
 


@@ -566,7 +964,7 @@ with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
     ydl.download(['http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'])
 ```
 
     ydl.download(['http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'])
 ```
 

-Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of what can be done, have a look at [youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py#L69). For a start, if you want to intercept youtube-dl's output, set a `logger` object.
+Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of options available, have a look at [`youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py`](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py#L128-L278). For a start, if you want to intercept youtube-dl's output, set a `logger` object.

 
 Here's a more complete example of a program that outputs only errors (and a short message after the download is finished), and downloads/converts the video to an mp3 file:
 
 
 Here's a more complete example of a program that outputs only errors (and a short message after the download is finished), and downloads/converts the video to an mp3 file:
 


@@ -607,11 +1005,25 @@ with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
 
 # BUGS
 
 
 # BUGS
 

-Bugs and suggestions should be reported at: <https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues> . Unless you were prompted so or there is another pertinent reason (e.g. GitHub fails to accept the bug report), please do not send bug reports via personal email. For discussions, join us in the irc channel #youtube-dl on freenode.
+Bugs and suggestions should be reported at: <https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues>. Unless you were prompted so or there is another pertinent reason (e.g. GitHub fails to accept the bug report), please do not send bug reports via personal email. For discussions, join us in the IRC channel [#youtube-dl](irc://chat.freenode.net/#youtube-dl) on freenode ([webchat](http://webchat.freenode.net/?randomnick=1&channels=youtube-dl)).

 
 

-**Please include the full output of youtube-dl when run with `-v`**.
+**Please include the full output of youtube-dl when run with `-v`**, i.e. **add** `-v` flag to **your command line**, copy the **whole** output and post it in the issue body wrapped in \`\`\` for better formatting. It should look similar to this:
+```
+$ youtube-dl -v <your command line>
+[debug] System config: []
+[debug] User config: []
+[debug] Command-line args: [u'-v', u'http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKcj']
+[debug] Encodings: locale cp1251, fs mbcs, out cp866, pref cp1251
+[debug] youtube-dl version 2015.12.06
+[debug] Git HEAD: 135392e
+[debug] Python version 2.6.6 - Windows-2003Server-5.2.3790-SP2
+[debug] exe versions: ffmpeg N-75573-g1d0487f, ffprobe N-75573-g1d0487f, rtmpdump 2.4
+[debug] Proxy map: {}
+...
+```
+**Do not post screenshots of verbose log only plain text is acceptable.**

 
 

-The output (including the first lines) contain important debugging information. Issues without the full output are often not reproducible and therefore do not get solved in short order, if ever.
+The output (including the first lines) contains important debugging information. Issues without the full output are often not reproducible and therefore do not get solved in short order, if ever.

 
 Please re-read your issue once again to avoid a couple of common mistakes (you can and should use this as a checklist):
 
 
 Please re-read your issue once again to avoid a couple of common mistakes (you can and should use this as a checklist):
 


@@ -625,21 +1037,21 @@ So please elaborate on what feature you are requesting, or what bug you want to
 - How it could be fixed
 - How your proposed solution would look like
 
 - How it could be fixed
 - How your proposed solution would look like
 

-If your report is shorter than two lines, it is almost certainly missing some of these, which makes it hard for us to respond to it. We're often too polite to close the issue outright, but the missing info makes misinterpretation likely. As a commiter myself, I often get frustrated by these issues, since the only possible way for me to move forward on them is to ask for clarification over and over.
+If your report is shorter than two lines, it is almost certainly missing some of these, which makes it hard for us to respond to it. We're often too polite to close the issue outright, but the missing info makes misinterpretation likely. As a committer myself, I often get frustrated by these issues, since the only possible way for me to move forward on them is to ask for clarification over and over.

 
 

-For bug reports, this means that your report should contain the *complete* output of youtube-dl when called with the -v flag. The error message you get for (most) bugs even says so, but you would not believe how many of our bug reports do not contain this information.
+For bug reports, this means that your report should contain the *complete* output of youtube-dl when called with the `-v` flag. The error message you get for (most) bugs even says so, but you would not believe how many of our bug reports do not contain this information.

 
 

-If your server has multiple IPs or you suspect censorship, adding --call-home may be a good idea to get more diagnostics. If the error is `ERROR: Unable to extract ...` and you cannot reproduce it from multiple countries, add `--dump-pages` (warning: this will yield a rather large output, redirect it to the file `log.txt` by adding `>log.txt 2>&1` to your command-line) or upload the `.dump` files you get when you add `--write-pages` [somewhere](https://gist.github.com/).
+If your server has multiple IPs or you suspect censorship, adding `--call-home` may be a good idea to get more diagnostics. If the error is `ERROR: Unable to extract ...` and you cannot reproduce it from multiple countries, add `--dump-pages` (warning: this will yield a rather large output, redirect it to the file `log.txt` by adding `>log.txt 2>&1` to your command-line) or upload the `.dump` files you get when you add `--write-pages` [somewhere](https://gist.github.com/).

 
 

-**Site support requests must contain an example URL**. An example URL is a URL you might want to download, like http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc . There should be an obvious video present. Except under very special circumstances, the main page of a video service (e.g. http://www.youtube.com/ ) is *not* an example URL.
+**Site support requests must contain an example URL**. An example URL is a URL you might want to download, like `http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc`. There should be an obvious video present. Except under very special circumstances, the main page of a video service (e.g. `http://www.youtube.com/`) is *not* an example URL.

 
 ###  Are you using the latest version?
 
 
 ###  Are you using the latest version?
 

-Before reporting any issue, type youtube-dl -U. This should report that you're up-to-date. About 20% of the reports we receive are already fixed, but people are using outdated versions. This goes for feature requests as well.
+Before reporting any issue, type `youtube-dl -U`. This should report that you're up-to-date. About 20% of the reports we receive are already fixed, but people are using outdated versions. This goes for feature requests as well.

 
 ###  Is the issue already documented?
 
 
 ###  Is the issue already documented?
 

-Make sure that someone has not already opened the issue you're trying to open. Search at the top of the window or at https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/search?type=Issues . If there is an issue, feel free to write something along the lines of "This affects me as well, with version 2015.01.01. Here is some more information on the issue: ...". While some issues may be old, a new post into them often spurs rapid activity.
+Make sure that someone has not already opened the issue you're trying to open. Search at the top of the window or browse the [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/search?type=Issues) of this repository. If there is an issue, feel free to write something along the lines of "This affects me as well, with version 2015.01.01. Here is some more information on the issue: ...". While some issues may be old, a new post into them often spurs rapid activity.

 
 ###  Why are existing options not enough?
 
 
 ###  Why are existing options not enough?
 


@@ -669,4 +1081,4 @@ It may sound strange, but some bug reports we receive are completely unrelated t
 
 youtube-dl is released into the public domain by the copyright holders.
 
 
 youtube-dl is released into the public domain by the copyright holders.
 

-This README file was originally written by Daniel Bolton (<https://github.com/dbbolton>) and is likewise released into the public domain.
+This README file was originally written by [Daniel Bolton](https://github.com/dbbolton) and is likewise released into the public domain.