\f[B]youtube\-dl\f[] [OPTIONS] URL [URL...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.PP
-\f[B]youtube\-dl\f[] is a small command\-line program to download videos
-from YouTube.com and a few more sites.
+\f[B]youtube\-dl\f[] is a command\-line program to download videos from
+YouTube.com and a few more sites.
It requires the Python interpreter, version 2.6, 2.7, or 3.2+, and it is
not platform specific.
It should work on your Unix box, on Windows or on Mac OS X.
.TP
.B \-\-ignore\-config
Do not read configuration files.
-When given in the global configuration file /etc /youtube\-dl.conf: Do
+When given in the global configuration file /etc/youtube\-dl.conf: Do
not read the user configuration in ~/.config/youtube\- dl/config
(%APPDATA%/youtube\-dl/config.txt on Windows)
.RS
.RE
.TP
+.B \-\-config\-location \f[I]PATH\f[]
+Location of the configuration file; either the path to the config or its
+containing directory.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
.B \-\-flat\-playlist
Do not extract the videos of a playlist, only list them.
.RS
.RE
.TP
+.B \-\-mark\-watched
+Mark videos watched (YouTube only)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-mark\-watched
+Do not mark videos watched (YouTube only)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
.B \-\-no\-color
Do not emit color codes in output
.RS
.SS Network Options:
.TP
.B \-\-proxy \f[I]URL\f[]
-Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS proxy.
+Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS proxy.
+To enable experimental SOCKS proxy, specify a proper scheme.
+For example socks5://127.0.0.1:1080/.
Pass in an empty string (\-\-proxy "") for direct connection
.RS
.RE
.RE
.TP
.B \-\-source\-address \f[I]IP\f[]
-Client\-side IP address to bind to (experimental)
+Client\-side IP address to bind to
.RS
.RE
.TP
.B \-4, \-\-force\-ipv4
-Make all connections via IPv4 (experimental)
+Make all connections via IPv4
.RS
.RE
.TP
.B \-6, \-\-force\-ipv6
-Make all connections via IPv6 (experimental)
+Make all connections via IPv6
.RS
.RE
+.SS Geo Restriction:
.TP
-.B \-\-cn\-verification\-proxy \f[I]URL\f[]
-Use this proxy to verify the IP address for some Chinese sites.
+.B \-\-geo\-verification\-proxy \f[I]URL\f[]
+Use this proxy to verify the IP address for some geo\-restricted sites.
The default proxy specified by \-\-proxy (or none, if the options is not
present) is used for the actual downloading.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-geo\-bypass
+Bypass geographic restriction via faking X\-Forwarded\-For HTTP header
(experimental)
.RS
.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-no\-geo\-bypass
+Do not bypass geographic restriction via faking X\-Forwarded\-For HTTP
+header (experimental)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-geo\-bypass\-country \f[I]CODE\f[]
+Force bypass geographic restriction with explicitly provided two\-letter
+ISO 3166\-2 country code (experimental)
+.RS
+.RE
.SS Video Selection:
.TP
.B \-\-playlist\-start \f[I]NUMBER\f[]
.RE
.TP
.B \-\-match\-filter \f[I]FILTER\f[]
-Generic video filter (experimental).
+Generic video filter.
Specify any key (see help for \-o for a list of available keys) to match
-if the key is present, !key to check if the key is not present,key >
+if the key is present, !key to check if the key is not present, key >
NUMBER (like "comment_count > 12", also works with >=, <, <=, !=, =) to
-compare against a number, and & to require multiple matches.
+compare against a number, key = \[aq]LITERAL\[aq] (like "uploader =
+\[aq]Mike Smith\[aq]", also works with !=) to match against a string
+literal and & to require multiple matches.
Values which are not known are excluded unless you put a question mark
-(?) after the operator.For example, to only match videos that have been
-liked more than 100 times and disliked less than 50 times (or the
-dislike functionality is not available at the given service), but who
-also have a description, use \-\-match\-filter "like_count > 100 &
-dislike_count <?
+(?) after the operator.
+For example, to only match videos that have been liked more than 100
+times and disliked less than 50 times (or the dislike functionality is
+not available at the given service), but who also have a description,
+use \-\-match\-filter "like_count > 100 & dislike_count <?
50 & description" .
.RS
.RE
.RE
.SS Download Options:
.TP
-.B \-r, \-\-rate\-limit \f[I]LIMIT\f[]
+.B \-r, \-\-limit\-rate \f[I]RATE\f[]
Maximum download rate in bytes per second (e.g.
50K or 4.2M)
.RS
.RS
.RE
.TP
+.B \-\-fragment\-retries \f[I]RETRIES\f[]
+Number of retries for a fragment (default is 10), or "infinite" (DASH
+and hlsnative only)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-skip\-unavailable\-fragments
+Skip unavailable fragments (DASH and hlsnative only)
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-abort\-on\-unavailable\-fragment
+Abort downloading when some fragment is not available
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
.B \-\-buffer\-size \f[I]SIZE\f[]
Size of download buffer (e.g.
1024 or 16K) (default is 1024)
.RS
.RE
.TP
+.B \-\-playlist\-random
+Download playlist videos in random order
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
.B \-\-xattr\-set\-filesize
-Set file xattribute ytdl.filesize with expected filesize (experimental)
+Set file xattribute ytdl.filesize with expected file size (experimental)
.RS
.RE
.TP
.B \-\-hls\-prefer\-native
-Use the native HLS downloader instead of ffmpeg (experimental)
+Use the native HLS downloader instead of ffmpeg
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-hls\-prefer\-ffmpeg
+Use ffmpeg instead of the native HLS downloader
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-hls\-use\-mpegts
+Use the mpegts container for HLS videos, allowing to play the video
+while downloading (some players may not be able to play it)
.RS
.RE
.TP
.B \-\-external\-downloader \f[I]COMMAND\f[]
Use the specified external downloader.
-Currently supports aria2c,axel,curl,httpie,wget
+Currently supports aria2c,avconv,axel,curl,ffmpeg,httpie,wget
.RS
.RE
.TP
.RE
.TP
.B \-o, \-\-output \f[I]TEMPLATE\f[]
-Output filename template.
-Use %(title)s to get the title, %(uploader)s for the uploader name,
-%(uploader_id)s for the uploader nickname if different, %(autonumber)s
-to get an automatically incremented number, %(ext)s for the filename
-extension, %(format)s for the format description (like "22 \- 1280x720"
-or "HD"), %(format_id)s for the unique id of the format (like
-YouTube\[aq]s itags: "137"), %(upload_date)s for the upload date
-(YYYYMMDD), %(extractor)s for the provider (youtube, metacafe, etc),
-%(id)s for the video id, %(playlist_title)s, %(playlist_id)s, or
-%(playlist)s (=title if present, ID otherwise) for the playlist the
-video is in, %(playlist_index)s for the position in the playlist.
-%(height)s and %(width)s for the width and height of the video format.
-%(resolution)s for a textual description of the resolution of the video
-format.
-%% for a literal percent.
-Use \- to output to stdout.
-Can also be used to download to a different directory, for example with
-\-o \[aq]/my/downloads/%(uploader)s /%(title)s\-%(id)s.%(ext)s\[aq] .
+Output filename template, see the "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for all the info
.RS
.RE
.TP
-.B \-\-autonumber\-size \f[I]NUMBER\f[]
-Specify the number of digits in %(autonumber)s when it is present in
-output filename template or \-\-auto\-number option is given
+.B \-\-autonumber\-start \f[I]NUMBER\f[]
+Specify the start value for %(autonumber)s (default is 1)
.RS
.RE
.TP
.RS
.RE
.TP
-.B \-A, \-\-auto\-number
-[deprecated; use \-o "%(autonumber)s\-%(title)s.%(ext)s" ] Number
-downloaded files starting from 00000
-.RS
-.RE
-.TP
-.B \-t, \-\-title
-[deprecated] Use title in file name (default)
-.RS
-.RE
-.TP
-.B \-l, \-\-literal
-[deprecated] Alias of \-\-title
-.RS
-.RE
-.TP
.B \-w, \-\-no\-overwrites
Do not overwrite files
.RS
.RS
.RE
.TP
-.B \-\-load\-info \f[I]FILE\f[]
+.B \-\-load\-info\-json \f[I]FILE\f[]
JSON file containing the video information (created with the
"\-\-write\-info\-json" option)
.RS
.B \-\-cache\-dir \f[I]DIR\f[]
Location in the filesystem where youtube\-dl can store some downloaded
information permanently.
-By default $XDG_CACHE_HOME /youtube\-dl or ~/.cache/youtube\-dl .
+By default $XDG_CACHE_HOME/youtube\-dl or ~/.cache/youtube\-dl .
At the moment, only YouTube player files (for videos with obfuscated
signatures) are cached, but that may change.
.RS
.RE
.TP
.B \-\-sleep\-interval \f[I]SECONDS\f[]
-Number of seconds to sleep before each download.
+Number of seconds to sleep before each download when used alone or a
+lower bound of a range for randomized sleep before each download
+(minimum possible number of seconds to sleep) when used along with
+\-\-max\-sleep\-interval.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-max\-sleep\-interval \f[I]SECONDS\f[]
+Upper bound of a range for randomized sleep before each download
+(maximum possible number of seconds to sleep).
+Must only be used along with \-\-min\-sleep\-interval.
.RS
.RE
.SS Video Format Options:
.RE
.TP
.B \-F, \-\-list\-formats
-List all available formats
+List all available formats of requested videos
.RS
.RE
.TP
.RE
.TP
.B \-\-write\-auto\-sub
-Write automatic subtitle file (YouTube only)
+Write automatically generated subtitle file (YouTube only)
.RS
.RE
.TP
.TP
.B \-\-sub\-lang \f[I]LANGS\f[]
Languages of the subtitles to download (optional) separated by commas,
-use IETF language tags like \[aq]en,pt\[aq]
+use \-\-list\- subs for available language tags
.RS
.RE
.SS Authentication Options:
.RE
.TP
.B \-2, \-\-twofactor \f[I]TWOFACTOR\f[]
-Two\-factor auth code
+Two\-factor authentication code
.RS
.RE
.TP
Video password (vimeo, smotri, youku)
.RS
.RE
+.SS Adobe Pass Options:
+.TP
+.B \-\-ap\-mso \f[I]MSO\f[]
+Adobe Pass multiple\-system operator (TV provider) identifier, use
+\-\-ap\-list\-mso for a list of available MSOs
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-ap\-username \f[I]USERNAME\f[]
+Multiple\-system operator account login
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-ap\-password \f[I]PASSWORD\f[]
+Multiple\-system operator account password.
+If this option is left out, youtube\-dl will ask interactively.
+.RS
+.RE
+.TP
+.B \-\-ap\-list\-mso
+List all supported multiple\-system operators
+.RS
+.RE
.SS Post\-processing Options:
.TP
.B \-x, \-\-extract\-audio
.TP
.B \-\-audio\-format \f[I]FORMAT\f[]
Specify audio format: "best", "aac", "vorbis", "mp3", "m4a", "opus", or
-"wav"; "best" by default
+"wav"; "best" by default; No effect without \-x
.RS
.RE
.TP
.RE
.TP
.B \-\-embed\-subs
-Embed subtitles in the video (only for mkv and mp4 videos)
+Embed subtitles in the video (only for mp4, webm and mkv videos)
.RS
.RE
.TP
.RS
.RE
.TP
-.B \-\-convert\-subtitles \f[I]FORMAT\f[]
+.B \-\-convert\-subs \f[I]FORMAT\f[]
Convert the subtitles to other format (currently supported: srt|ass|vtt)
.RS
.RE
.PP
You can configure youtube\-dl by placing any supported command line
option to a configuration file.
-On Linux, the system wide configuration file is located at
+On Linux and OS X, the system wide configuration file is located at
\f[C]/etc/youtube\-dl.conf\f[] and the user wide configuration file at
\f[C]~/.config/youtube\-dl/config\f[].
On Windows, the user wide configuration file locations are
\f[C]%APPDATA%\\youtube\-dl\\config.txt\f[] or
\f[C]C:\\Users\\<user\ name>\\youtube\-dl.conf\f[].
+Note that by default configuration file may not exist so you may need to
+create it yourself.
+.PP
For example, with the following configuration file youtube\-dl will
-always extract the audio, not copy the mtime and use a proxy:
+always extract the audio, not copy the mtime, use a proxy and save all
+videos under \f[C]Movies\f[] directory in your home directory:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
-\-\-extract\-audio
+#\ Lines\ starting\ with\ #\ are\ comments
+
+#\ Always\ extract\ audio
+\-x
+
+#\ Do\ not\ copy\ the\ mtime
\-\-no\-mtime
+
+#\ Use\ this\ proxy
\-\-proxy\ 127.0.0.1:3128
+
+#\ Save\ all\ videos\ under\ Movies\ directory\ in\ your\ home\ directory
+\-o\ ~/Movies/%(title)s.%(ext)s
\f[]
.fi
.PP
+Note that options in configuration file are just the same options aka
+switches used in regular command line calls thus there \f[B]must be no
+whitespace\f[] after \f[C]\-\f[] or \f[C]\-\-\f[], e.g.
+\f[C]\-o\f[] or \f[C]\-\-proxy\f[] but not \f[C]\-\ o\f[] or
+\f[C]\-\-\ proxy\f[].
+.PP
You can use \f[C]\-\-ignore\-config\f[] if you want to disable the
configuration file for a particular youtube\-dl run.
+.PP
+You can also use \f[C]\-\-config\-location\f[] if you want to use custom
+configuration file for a particular youtube\-dl run.
.SS Authentication with \f[C]\&.netrc\f[] file
.PP
You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for
execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command
history.
You can achieve this using a \f[C]\&.netrc\f[]
-file (http://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on per extractor basis.
-For that you will need to create a\f[C]\&.netrc\f[] file in your
-\f[C]$HOME\f[] and restrict permissions to read/write by you only:
+file (http://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on a per extractor
+basis.
+For that you will need to create a \f[C]\&.netrc\f[] file in your
+\f[C]$HOME\f[] and restrict permissions to read/write by only you:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
\f[]
.fi
.PP
-After that you can add credentials for extractor in the following
-format, where \f[I]extractor\f[] is the name of extractor in lowercase:
+After that you can add credentials for an extractor in the following
+format, where \f[I]extractor\f[] is the name of the extractor in
+lowercase:
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
.PP
The \f[C]\-o\f[] option allows users to indicate a template for the
output file names.
+.PP
+\f[B]tl;dr:\f[] navigate me to examples (#output-template-examples).
+.PP
The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a
single file, like in
\f[C]youtube\-dl\ \-o\ funny_video.flv\ "http://some/video"\f[].
However, it may contain special sequences that will be replaced when
downloading each video.
-The special sequences have the format \f[C]%(NAME)s\f[].
+The special sequences may be formatted according to python string
+formatting
+operations (https://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#string-formatting).
+For example, \f[C]%(NAME)s\f[] or \f[C]%(NAME)05d\f[].
To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in parentheses,
-followed by a lowercase S.
-Allowed names are:
+followed by a formatting operations.
+Allowed names along with sequence type are:
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]id\f[] (string): Video identifier
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]title\f[] (string): Video title
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]url\f[] (string): Video URL
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]ext\f[] (string): Video filename extension
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]alt_title\f[] (string): A secondary title of the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]display_id\f[] (string): An alternative identifier for the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]uploader\f[] (string): Full name of the video uploader
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]license\f[] (string): License name the video is licensed under
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]creator\f[] (string): The creator of the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]release_date\f[] (string): The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was
+released
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]timestamp\f[] (numeric): UNIX timestamp of the moment the video
+became available
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]upload_date\f[] (string): Video upload date (YYYYMMDD)
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]uploader_id\f[] (string): Nickname or id of the video uploader
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]location\f[] (string): Physical location where the video was filmed
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]duration\f[] (numeric): Length of the video in seconds
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]view_count\f[] (numeric): How many users have watched the video on
+the platform
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]like_count\f[] (numeric): Number of positive ratings of the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]dislike_count\f[] (numeric): Number of negative ratings of the
+video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]repost_count\f[] (numeric): Number of reposts of the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]average_rating\f[] (numeric): Average rating give by users, the
+scale used depends on the webpage
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]comment_count\f[] (numeric): Number of comments on the video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]age_limit\f[] (numeric): Age restriction for the video (years)
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]format\f[] (string): A human\-readable description of the format
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]format_id\f[] (string): Format code specified by
+\f[C]\-\-format\f[]
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]format_note\f[] (string): Additional info about the format
.IP \[bu] 2
-\f[C]id\f[]: The sequence will be replaced by the video identifier.
+\f[C]width\f[] (numeric): Width of the video
.IP \[bu] 2
-\f[C]url\f[]: The sequence will be replaced by the video URL.
+\f[C]height\f[] (numeric): Height of the video
.IP \[bu] 2
-\f[C]uploader\f[]: The sequence will be replaced by the nickname of the
-person who uploaded the video.
+\f[C]resolution\f[] (string): Textual description of width and height
.IP \[bu] 2
-\f[C]upload_date\f[]: The sequence will be replaced by the upload date
-in YYYYMMDD format.
+\f[C]tbr\f[] (numeric): Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s
.IP \[bu] 2
-\f[C]title\f[]: The sequence will be replaced by the video title.
+\f[C]abr\f[] (numeric): Average audio bitrate in KBit/s
.IP \[bu] 2
-\f[C]ext\f[]: The sequence will be replaced by the appropriate extension
-(like flv or mp4).
+\f[C]acodec\f[] (string): Name of the audio codec in use
.IP \[bu] 2
-\f[C]epoch\f[]: The sequence will be replaced by the Unix epoch when
-creating the file.
+\f[C]asr\f[] (numeric): Audio sampling rate in Hertz
.IP \[bu] 2
-\f[C]autonumber\f[]: The sequence will be replaced by a five\-digit
-number that will be increased with each download, starting at zero.
+\f[C]vbr\f[] (numeric): Average video bitrate in KBit/s
.IP \[bu] 2
-\f[C]playlist\f[]: The sequence will be replaced by the name or the id
-of the playlist that contains the video.
+\f[C]fps\f[] (numeric): Frame rate
.IP \[bu] 2
-\f[C]playlist_index\f[]: The sequence will be replaced by the index of
-the video in the playlist padded with leading zeros according to the
-total length of the playlist.
+\f[C]vcodec\f[] (string): Name of the video codec in use
.IP \[bu] 2
-\f[C]format_id\f[]: The sequence will be replaced by the format code
-specified by \f[C]\-\-format\f[].
+\f[C]container\f[] (string): Name of the container format
.IP \[bu] 2
-\f[C]duration\f[]: The sequence will be replaced by the length of the
-video in seconds.
+\f[C]filesize\f[] (numeric): The number of bytes, if known in advance
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]filesize_approx\f[] (numeric): An estimate for the number of bytes
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]protocol\f[] (string): The protocol that will be used for the
+actual download
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]extractor\f[] (string): Name of the extractor
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]extractor_key\f[] (string): Key name of the extractor
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]epoch\f[] (numeric): Unix epoch when creating the file
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]autonumber\f[] (numeric): Five\-digit number that will be increased
+with each download, starting at zero
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]playlist\f[] (string): Name or id of the playlist that contains the
+video
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]playlist_index\f[] (numeric): Index of the video in the playlist
+padded with leading zeros according to the total length of the playlist
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]playlist_id\f[] (string): Playlist identifier
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]playlist_title\f[] (string): Playlist title
+.PP
+Available for the video that belongs to some logical chapter or section:
+\- \f[C]chapter\f[] (string): Name or title of the chapter the video
+belongs to \- \f[C]chapter_number\f[] (numeric): Number of the chapter
+the video belongs to \- \f[C]chapter_id\f[] (string): Id of the chapter
+the video belongs to
+.PP
+Available for the video that is an episode of some series or programme:
+\- \f[C]series\f[] (string): Title of the series or programme the video
+episode belongs to \- \f[C]season\f[] (string): Title of the season the
+video episode belongs to \- \f[C]season_number\f[] (numeric): Number of
+the season the video episode belongs to \- \f[C]season_id\f[] (string):
+Id of the season the video episode belongs to \- \f[C]episode\f[]
+(string): Title of the video episode \- \f[C]episode_number\f[]
+(numeric): Number of the video episode within a season \-
+\f[C]episode_id\f[] (string): Id of the video episode
+.PP
+Available for the media that is a track or a part of a music album: \-
+\f[C]track\f[] (string): Title of the track \- \f[C]track_number\f[]
+(numeric): Number of the track within an album or a disc \-
+\f[C]track_id\f[] (string): Id of the track \- \f[C]artist\f[] (string):
+Artist(s) of the track \- \f[C]genre\f[] (string): Genre(s) of the track
+\- \f[C]album\f[] (string): Title of the album the track belongs to \-
+\f[C]album_type\f[] (string): Type of the album \- \f[C]album_artist\f[]
+(string): List of all artists appeared on the album \-
+\f[C]disc_number\f[] (numeric): Number of the disc or other physical
+medium the track belongs to \- \f[C]release_year\f[] (numeric): Year
+(YYYY) when the album was released
+.PP
+Each aforementioned sequence when referenced in an output template will
+be replaced by the actual value corresponding to the sequence name.
+Note that some of the sequences are not guaranteed to be present since
+they depend on the metadata obtained by a particular extractor.
+Such sequences will be replaced with \f[C]NA\f[].
+.PP
+For example for \f[C]\-o\ %(title)s\-%(id)s.%(ext)s\f[] and an mp4 video
+with title \f[C]youtube\-dl\ test\ video\f[] and id
+\f[C]BaW_jenozKcj\f[], this will result in a
+\f[C]youtube\-dl\ test\ video\-BaW_jenozKcj.mp4\f[] file created in the
+current directory.
+.PP
+For numeric sequences you can use numeric related formatting, for
+example, \f[C]%(view_count)05d\f[] will result in a string with view
+count padded with zeros up to 5 characters, like in \f[C]00042\f[].
+.PP
+Output templates can also contain arbitrary hierarchical path, e.g.
+\f[C]\-o\ \[aq]%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s\ \-\ %(title)s.%(ext)s\[aq]\f[]
+which will result in downloading each video in a directory corresponding
+to this path template.
+Any missing directory will be automatically created for you.
+.PP
+To use percent literals in an output template use \f[C]%%\f[].
+To output to stdout use \f[C]\-o\ \-\f[].
.PP
The current default template is \f[C]%(title)s\-%(id)s.%(ext)s\f[].
.PP
system or the filename through an 8bit\-unsafe channel.
In these cases, add the \f[C]\-\-restrict\-filenames\f[] flag to get a
shorter title:
+.SS Output template and Windows batch files
+.PP
+If you are using an output template inside a Windows batch file then you
+must escape plain percent characters (\f[C]%\f[]) by doubling, so that
+\f[C]\-o\ "%(title)s\-%(id)s.%(ext)s"\f[] should become
+\f[C]\-o\ "%%(title)s\-%%(id)s.%%(ext)s"\f[].
+However you should not touch \f[C]%\f[]\[aq]s that are not plain
+characters, e.g.
+environment variables for expansion should stay intact:
+\f[C]\-o\ "C:\\%HOMEPATH%\\Desktop\\%%(title)s.%%(ext)s"\f[].
+.SS Output template examples
+.PP
+Note on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single.
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
-$\ youtube\-dl\ \-\-get\-filename\ \-o\ "%(title)s.%(ext)s"\ BaW_jenozKc
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-\-get\-filename\ \-o\ \[aq]%(title)s.%(ext)s\[aq]\ BaW_jenozKc
youtube\-dl\ test\ video\ \[aq]\[aq]_Ƥāš.mp4\ \ \ \ #\ All\ kinds\ of\ weird\ characters
-$\ youtube\-dl\ \-\-get\-filename\ \-o\ "%(title)s.%(ext)s"\ BaW_jenozKc\ \-\-restrict\-filenames
+
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-\-get\-filename\ \-o\ \[aq]%(title)s.%(ext)s\[aq]\ BaW_jenozKc\ \-\-restrict\-filenames
youtube\-dl_test_video_.mp4\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ A\ simple\ file\ name
+
+#\ Download\ YouTube\ playlist\ videos\ in\ separate\ directory\ indexed\ by\ video\ order\ in\ a\ playlist
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-o\ \[aq]%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s\ \-\ %(title)s.%(ext)s\[aq]\ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re
+
+#\ Download\ all\ playlists\ of\ YouTube\ channel/user\ keeping\ each\ playlist\ in\ separate\ directory:
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-o\ \[aq]%(uploader)s/%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s\ \-\ %(title)s.%(ext)s\[aq]\ https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation/playlists
+
+#\ Download\ Udemy\ course\ keeping\ each\ chapter\ in\ separate\ directory\ under\ MyVideos\ directory\ in\ your\ home
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-u\ user\ \-p\ password\ \-o\ \[aq]~/MyVideos/%(playlist)s/%(chapter_number)s\ \-\ %(chapter)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s\[aq]\ https://www.udemy.com/java\-tutorial/
+
+#\ Download\ entire\ series\ season\ keeping\ each\ series\ and\ each\ season\ in\ separate\ directory\ under\ C:/MyVideos
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-o\ "C:/MyVideos/%(series)s/%(season_number)s\ \-\ %(season)s/%(episode_number)s\ \-\ %(episode)s.%(ext)s"\ http://videomore.ru/kino_v_detalayah/5_sezon/367617
+
+#\ Stream\ the\ video\ being\ downloaded\ to\ stdout
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-o\ \-\ BaW_jenozKc
\f[]
.fi
.SH FORMAT SELECTION
.PP
-By default youtube\-dl tries to download the best quality, but sometimes
-you may want to download in a different format.
-The simplest case is requesting a specific format, for example
-\f[C]\-f\ 22\f[].
-You can get the list of available formats using
-\f[C]\-\-list\-formats\f[], you can also use a file extension (currently
-it supports aac, m4a, mp3, mp4, ogg, wav, webm) or the special names
-\f[C]best\f[], \f[C]bestvideo\f[], \f[C]bestaudio\f[] and
-\f[C]worst\f[].
+By default youtube\-dl tries to download the best available quality,
+i.e.
+if you want the best quality you \f[B]don\[aq]t need\f[] to pass any
+special options, youtube\-dl will guess it for you by \f[B]default\f[].
+.PP
+But sometimes you may want to download in a different format, for
+example when you are on a slow or intermittent connection.
+The key mechanism for achieving this is so\-called \f[I]format
+selection\f[] based on which you can explicitly specify desired format,
+select formats based on some criterion or criteria, setup precedence and
+much more.
+.PP
+The general syntax for format selection is \f[C]\-\-format\ FORMAT\f[]
+or shorter \f[C]\-f\ FORMAT\f[] where \f[C]FORMAT\f[] is a \f[I]selector
+expression\f[], i.e.
+an expression that describes format or formats you would like to
+download.
+.PP
+\f[B]tl;dr:\f[] navigate me to examples (#format-selection-examples).
+.PP
+The simplest case is requesting a specific format, for example with
+\f[C]\-f\ 22\f[] you can download the format with format code equal to
+22.
+You can get the list of available format codes for particular video
+using \f[C]\-\-list\-formats\f[] or \f[C]\-F\f[].
+Note that these format codes are extractor specific.
+.PP
+You can also use a file extension (currently \f[C]3gp\f[], \f[C]aac\f[],
+\f[C]flv\f[], \f[C]m4a\f[], \f[C]mp3\f[], \f[C]mp4\f[], \f[C]ogg\f[],
+\f[C]wav\f[], \f[C]webm\f[] are supported) to download the best quality
+format of a particular file extension served as a single file, e.g.
+\f[C]\-f\ webm\f[] will download the best quality format with the
+\f[C]webm\f[] extension served as a single file.
+.PP
+You can also use special names to select particular edge case formats:
+\- \f[C]best\f[]: Select the best quality format represented by a single
+file with video and audio.
+\- \f[C]worst\f[]: Select the worst quality format represented by a
+single file with video and audio.
+\- \f[C]bestvideo\f[]: Select the best quality video\-only format (e.g.
+DASH video).
+May not be available.
+\- \f[C]worstvideo\f[]: Select the worst quality video\-only format.
+May not be available.
+\- \f[C]bestaudio\f[]: Select the best quality audio only\-format.
+May not be available.
+\- \f[C]worstaudio\f[]: Select the worst quality audio only\-format.
+May not be available.
+.PP
+For example, to download the worst quality video\-only format you can
+use \f[C]\-f\ worstvideo\f[].
.PP
If you want to download multiple videos and they don\[aq]t have the same
formats available, you can specify the order of preference using
-slashes, as in \f[C]\-f\ 22/17/18\f[].
-You can also filter the video results by putting a condition in
+slashes.
+Note that slash is left\-associative, i.e.
+formats on the left hand side are preferred, for example
+\f[C]\-f\ 22/17/18\f[] will download format 22 if it\[aq]s available,
+otherwise it will download format 17 if it\[aq]s available, otherwise it
+will download format 18 if it\[aq]s available, otherwise it will
+complain that no suitable formats are available for download.
+.PP
+If you want to download several formats of the same video use a comma as
+a separator, e.g.
+\f[C]\-f\ 22,17,18\f[] will download all these three formats, of course
+if they are available.
+Or a more sophisticated example combined with the precedence feature:
+\f[C]\-f\ 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio\f[].
+.PP
+You can also filter the video formats by putting a condition in
brackets, as in \f[C]\-f\ "best[height=720]"\f[] (or
\f[C]\-f\ "[filesize>10M]"\f[]).
-This works for filesize, height, width, tbr, abr, vbr, asr, and fps and
-the comparisons <, <=, >, >=, =, != and for ext, acodec, vcodec,
-container, and protocol and the comparisons =, != .
+.PP
+The following numeric meta fields can be used with comparisons
+\f[C]<\f[], \f[C]<=\f[], \f[C]>\f[], \f[C]>=\f[], \f[C]=\f[] (equals),
+\f[C]!=\f[] (not equals): \- \f[C]filesize\f[]: The number of bytes, if
+known in advance \- \f[C]width\f[]: Width of the video, if known \-
+\f[C]height\f[]: Height of the video, if known \- \f[C]tbr\f[]: Average
+bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s \- \f[C]abr\f[]: Average audio
+bitrate in KBit/s \- \f[C]vbr\f[]: Average video bitrate in KBit/s \-
+\f[C]asr\f[]: Audio sampling rate in Hertz \- \f[C]fps\f[]: Frame rate
+.PP
+Also filtering work for comparisons \f[C]=\f[] (equals), \f[C]!=\f[]
+(not equals), \f[C]^=\f[] (begins with), \f[C]$=\f[] (ends with),
+\f[C]*=\f[] (contains) and following string meta fields: \-
+\f[C]ext\f[]: File extension \- \f[C]acodec\f[]: Name of the audio codec
+in use \- \f[C]vcodec\f[]: Name of the video codec in use \-
+\f[C]container\f[]: Name of the container format \- \f[C]protocol\f[]:
+The protocol that will be used for the actual download, lower\-case
+(\f[C]http\f[], \f[C]https\f[], \f[C]rtsp\f[], \f[C]rtmp\f[],
+\f[C]rtmpe\f[], \f[C]mms\f[], \f[C]f4m\f[], \f[C]ism\f[], \f[C]m3u8\f[],
+or \f[C]m3u8_native\f[]) \- \f[C]format_id\f[]: A short description of
+the format
+.PP
+Note that none of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be
+present since this solely depends on the metadata obtained by particular
+extractor, i.e.
+the metadata offered by the video hoster.
+.PP
Formats for which the value is not known are excluded unless you put a
-question mark (?) after the operator.
+question mark (\f[C]?\f[]) after the operator.
You can combine format filters, so
\f[C]\-f\ "[height\ <=?\ 720][tbr>500]"\f[] selects up to 720p videos
(or videos where the height is not known) with a bitrate of at least 500
KBit/s.
-Use commas to download multiple formats, such as
-\f[C]\-f\ 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio\f[].
+.PP
You can merge the video and audio of two formats into a single file
using \f[C]\-f\ <video\-format>+<audio\-format>\f[] (requires ffmpeg or
-avconv), for example \f[C]\-f\ bestvideo+bestaudio\f[].
+avconv installed), for example \f[C]\-f\ bestvideo+bestaudio\f[] will
+download the best video\-only format, the best audio\-only format and
+mux them together with ffmpeg/avconv.
+.PP
Format selectors can also be grouped using parentheses, for example if
you want to download the best mp4 and webm formats with a height lower
than 480 you can use \f[C]\-f\ \[aq](mp4,webm)[height<480]\[aq]\f[].
.PP
-Since the end of April 2015 and version 2015.04.26 youtube\-dl uses
-\f[C]\-f\ bestvideo+bestaudio/best\f[] as default format selection (see
-#5447, #5456).
+Since the end of April 2015 and version 2015.04.26, youtube\-dl uses
+\f[C]\-f\ bestvideo+bestaudio/best\f[] as the default format selection
+(see #5447 (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/5447),
+#5456 (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/5456)).
If ffmpeg or avconv are installed this results in downloading
\f[C]bestvideo\f[] and \f[C]bestaudio\f[] separately and muxing them
together into a single file giving the best overall quality available.
\f[C]best\f[] is also needed for videos that don\[aq]t come from YouTube
because they don\[aq]t provide the audio and video in two different
files.
-If you want to only download some dash formats (for example if you are
+If you want to only download some DASH formats (for example if you are
not interested in getting videos with a resolution higher than 1080p),
you can add \f[C]\-f\ bestvideo[height<=?1080]+bestaudio/best\f[] to
your configuration file.
file, you should explicitly specify your choice with \f[C]\-f\ best\f[].
You may want to add it to the configuration file (#configuration) in
order not to type it every time you run youtube\-dl.
+.SS Format selection examples
+.PP
+Note on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single.
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+#\ Download\ best\ mp4\ format\ available\ or\ any\ other\ best\ if\ no\ mp4\ available
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-f\ \[aq]bestvideo[ext=mp4]+bestaudio[ext=m4a]/best[ext=mp4]/best\[aq]
+
+#\ Download\ best\ format\ available\ but\ not\ better\ that\ 480p
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-f\ \[aq]bestvideo[height<=480]+bestaudio/best[height<=480]\[aq]
+
+#\ Download\ best\ video\ only\ format\ but\ no\ bigger\ than\ 50\ MB
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-f\ \[aq]best[filesize<50M]\[aq]
+
+#\ Download\ best\ format\ available\ via\ direct\ link\ over\ HTTP/HTTPS\ protocol
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-f\ \[aq](bestvideo+bestaudio/best)[protocol^=http]\[aq]
+
+#\ Download\ the\ best\ video\ format\ and\ the\ best\ audio\ format\ without\ merging\ them
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-f\ \[aq]bestvideo,bestaudio\[aq]\ \-o\ \[aq]%(title)s.f%(format_id)s.%(ext)s\[aq]
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Note that in the last example, an output template is recommended as
+bestvideo and bestaudio may have the same file name.
.SH VIDEO SELECTION
.PP
Videos can be filtered by their upload date using the options
.PP
Again, from then on you\[aq]ll be able to update with
\f[C]sudo\ youtube\-dl\ \-U\f[].
+.SS youtube\-dl is extremely slow to start on Windows
+.PP
+Add a file exclusion for \f[C]youtube\-dl.exe\f[] in Windows Defender
+settings.
.SS I\[aq]m getting an error
\f[C]Unable\ to\ extract\ OpenGraph\ title\f[] on YouTube playlists
.PP
Feel free to report
bugs (https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/youtube-dl/+filebug) to
the Ubuntu packaging
-guys (mailto:ubuntu-motu@lists.ubuntu.com?subject=outdated%20version%20of%20youtube-dl)
+people (mailto:ubuntu-motu@lists.ubuntu.com?subject=outdated%20version%20of%20youtube-dl)
\- all they have to do is update the package to a somewhat recent
version.
See above for a way to update.
+.SS I\[aq]m getting an error when trying to use output template:
+\f[C]error:\ using\ output\ template\ conflicts\ with\ using\ title,\ video\ ID\ or\ auto\ number\f[]
+.PP
+Make sure you are not using \f[C]\-o\f[] with any of these options
+\f[C]\-t\f[], \f[C]\-\-title\f[], \f[C]\-\-id\f[], \f[C]\-A\f[] or
+\f[C]\-\-auto\-number\f[] set in command line or in a configuration
+file.
+Remove the latter if any.
.SS Do I always have to pass \f[C]\-citw\f[]?
.PP
By default, youtube\-dl intends to have the best options (incidentally,
too much.
We\[aq]re considering to provide a way to let you solve the
CAPTCHA (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/154), but at the
-moment, your best course of action is pointing a webbrowser to the
+moment, your best course of action is pointing a web browser to the
youtube URL, solving the CAPTCHA, and restart youtube\-dl.
+.SS Do I need any other programs?
+.PP
+youtube\-dl works fine on its own on most sites.
+However, if you want to convert video/audio, you\[aq]ll need
+avconv (https://libav.org/) or ffmpeg (https://www.ffmpeg.org/).
+On some sites \- most notably YouTube \- videos can be retrieved in a
+higher quality format without sound.
+youtube\-dl will detect whether avconv/ffmpeg is present and
+automatically pick the best option.
+.PP
+Videos or video formats streamed via RTMP protocol can only be
+downloaded when rtmpdump (https://rtmpdump.mplayerhq.hu/) is installed.
+Downloading MMS and RTSP videos requires either
+mplayer (http://mplayerhq.hu/) or mpv (https://mpv.io/) to be installed.
.SS I have downloaded a video but how can I play it?
.PP
Once the video is fully downloaded, use any video player, such as
-vlc (http://www.videolan.org) or mplayer (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/).
+mpv (https://mpv.io/), vlc (http://www.videolan.org/) or
+mplayer (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/).
.SS I extracted a video URL with \f[C]\-g\f[], but it does not play on
-another machine / in my webbrowser.
+another machine / in my web browser.
.PP
It depends a lot on the service.
In many cases, requests for the video (to download/play it) must come
-from the same IP address and with the same cookies.
+from the same IP address and with the same cookies and/or HTTP headers.
Use the \f[C]\-\-cookies\f[] option to write the required cookies into a
file, and advise your downloader to read cookies from that file.
Some sites also require a common user agent to be used, use
\f[C]\-\-dump\-user\-agent\f[] to see the one in use by youtube\-dl.
+You can also get necessary cookies and HTTP headers from JSON output
+obtained with \f[C]\-\-dump\-json\f[].
.PP
It may be beneficial to use IPv6; in some cases, the restrictions are
only applied to IPv4.
Please update to Python 2.6 or 2.7.
.SS What is this binary file? Where has the code gone?
.PP
-Since June 2012 (#342) youtube\-dl is packed as an executable zipfile,
-simply unzip it (might need renaming to \f[C]youtube\-dl.zip\f[] first
-on some systems) or clone the git repository, as laid out above.
+Since June 2012 (#342 (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/342))
+youtube\-dl is packed as an executable zipfile, simply unzip it (might
+need renaming to \f[C]youtube\-dl.zip\f[] first on some systems) or
+clone the git repository, as laid out above.
If you modify the code, you can run it by executing the
\f[C]__main__.py\f[] file.
To recompile the executable, run \f[C]make\ youtube\-dl\f[].
-.SS The exe throws a \f[I]Runtime error from Visual C++\f[]
+.SS The exe throws an error due to missing \f[C]MSVCR100.dll\f[]
.PP
-To run the exe you need to install first the Microsoft Visual C++ 2008
-Redistributable
-Package (http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=29).
+To run the exe you need to install first the Microsoft Visual C++ 2010
+Redistributable Package
+(x86) (https://www.microsoft.com/en-US/download/details.aspx?id=5555).
.SS On Windows, how should I set up ffmpeg and youtube\-dl? Where should
I put the exe files?
.PP
for example \f[C]\-o\ "/home/user/videos/%(title)s\-%(id)s.%(ext)s"\f[].
If you want this for all of your downloads, put the option into your
configuration file (#configuration).
-.SS How do I download a video starting with a \f[C]\-\f[] ?
+.SS How do I download a video starting with a \f[C]\-\f[]?
.PP
Either prepend \f[C]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=\f[] or separate the
ID from the options with \f[C]\-\-\f[]:
.PP
Use the \f[C]\-\-cookies\f[] option, for example
\f[C]\-\-cookies\ /path/to/cookies/file.txt\f[].
+.PP
+In order to extract cookies from browser use any conforming browser
+extension for exporting cookies.
+For example,
+cookies.txt (https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/cookiestxt/njabckikapfpffapmjgojcnbfjonfjfg)
+(for Chrome) or Export
+Cookies (https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/export-cookies/)
+(for Firefox).
+.PP
Note that the cookies file must be in Mozilla/Netscape format and the
first line of the cookies file must be either
\f[C]#\ HTTP\ Cookie\ File\f[] or
Make sure you have correct newline
format (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newline) in the cookies file and
convert newlines if necessary to correspond with your OS, namely
-\f[C]CRLF\f[] (\f[C]\\r\\n\f[]) for Windows, \f[C]LF\f[] (\f[C]\\n\f[])
-for Linux and \f[C]CR\f[] (\f[C]\\r\f[]) for Mac OS.
+\f[C]CRLF\f[] (\f[C]\\r\\n\f[]) for Windows and \f[C]LF\f[]
+(\f[C]\\n\f[]) for Unix and Unix\-like systems (Linux, Mac OS, etc.).
\f[C]HTTP\ Error\ 400:\ Bad\ Request\f[] when using \f[C]\-\-cookies\f[]
is a good sign of invalid newline format.
.PP
Passing cookies to youtube\-dl is a good way to workaround login when a
particular extractor does not implement it explicitly.
+Another use case is working around
+CAPTCHA (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAPTCHA) some websites require
+you to solve in particular cases in order to get access (e.g.
+YouTube, CloudFlare).
+.SS How do I stream directly to media player?
+.PP
+You will first need to tell youtube\-dl to stream media to stdout with
+\f[C]\-o\ \-\f[], and also tell your media player to read from stdin (it
+must be capable of this for streaming) and then pipe former to latter.
+For example, streaming to vlc (http://www.videolan.org/) can be achieved
+with:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+youtube\-dl\ \-o\ \-\ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKcj"\ |\ vlc\ \-
+\f[]
+.fi
+.SS How do I download only new videos from a playlist?
+.PP
+Use download\-archive feature.
+With this feature you should initially download the complete playlist
+with \f[C]\-\-download\-archive\ /path/to/download/archive/file.txt\f[]
+that will record identifiers of all the videos in a special file.
+Each subsequent run with the same \f[C]\-\-download\-archive\f[] will
+download only new videos and skip all videos that have been downloaded
+before.
+Note that only successful downloads are recorded in the file.
+.PP
+For example, at first,
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+youtube\-dl\ \-\-download\-archive\ archive.txt\ "https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re"
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+will download the complete \f[C]PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re\f[]
+playlist and create a file \f[C]archive.txt\f[].
+Each subsequent run will only download new videos if any:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+youtube\-dl\ \-\-download\-archive\ archive.txt\ "https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re"
+\f[]
+.fi
+.SS Should I add \f[C]\-\-hls\-prefer\-native\f[] into my config?
+.PP
+When youtube\-dl detects an HLS video, it can download it either with
+the built\-in downloader or ffmpeg.
+Since many HLS streams are slightly invalid and ffmpeg/youtube\-dl each
+handle some invalid cases better than the other, there is an option to
+switch the downloader if needed.
+.PP
+When youtube\-dl knows that one particular downloader works better for a
+given website, that downloader will be picked.
+Otherwise, youtube\-dl will pick the best downloader for general
+compatibility, which at the moment happens to be ffmpeg.
+This choice may change in future versions of youtube\-dl, with
+improvements of the built\-in downloader and/or ffmpeg.
+.PP
+In particular, the generic extractor (used when your website is not in
+the list of supported sites by
+youtube\-dl (http://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/supportedsites.html) cannot
+mandate one specific downloader.
+.PP
+If you put either \f[C]\-\-hls\-prefer\-native\f[] or
+\f[C]\-\-hls\-prefer\-ffmpeg\f[] into your configuration, a different
+subset of videos will fail to download correctly.
+Instead, it is much better to file an issue (https://yt-dl.org/bug) or a
+pull request which details why the native or the ffmpeg HLS downloader
+is a better choice for your use case.
.SS Can you add support for this anime video site, or site which shows
current movies for free?
.PP
You can find out which by examining the output (if you run youtube\-dl
on the console) or catching an \f[C]UnsupportedError\f[] exception if
you run it from a Python program.
+.SH Why do I need to go through that much red tape when filing bugs?
+.PP
+Before we had the issue template, despite our extensive bug reporting
+instructions (#bugs), about 80% of the issue reports we got were
+useless, for instance because people used ancient versions hundreds of
+releases old, because of simple syntactic errors (not in youtube\-dl but
+in general shell usage), because the problem was already reported
+multiple times before, because people did not actually read an error
+message, even if it said "please install ffmpeg", because people did not
+mention the URL they were trying to download and many more simple,
+easy\-to\-avoid problems, many of whom were totally unrelated to
+youtube\-dl.
+.PP
+youtube\-dl is an open\-source project manned by too few volunteers, so
+we\[aq]d rather spend time fixing bugs where we are certain none of
+those simple problems apply, and where we can be reasonably confident to
+be able to reproduce the issue without asking the reporter repeatedly.
+As such, the output of \f[C]youtube\-dl\ \-v\ YOUR_URL_HERE\f[] is
+really all that\[aq]s required to file an issue.
+The issue template also guides you through some basic steps you can do,
+such as checking that your version of youtube\-dl is current.
.SH DEVELOPER INSTRUCTIONS
.PP
Most users do not need to build youtube\-dl and can download the
.IP \[bu] 2
python
.IP \[bu] 2
-make
+make (only GNU make is supported)
.IP \[bu] 2
pandoc
.IP \[bu] 2
nosetests
.SS Adding support for a new site
.PP
-If you want to add support for a new site, you can follow this quick
-list (assuming your service is called \f[C]yourextractor\f[]):
+If you want to add support for a new site, first of all \f[B]make
+sure\f[] this site is \f[B]not dedicated to copyright
+infringement (README.md#can-you-add-support-for-this-anime-video-site-or-site-which-shows-current-movies-for-free)\f[].
+youtube\-dl does \f[B]not support\f[] such sites thus pull requests
+adding support for them \f[B]will be rejected\f[].
+.PP
+After you have ensured this site is distributing its content legally,
+you can follow this quick list (assuming your service is called
+\f[C]yourextractor\f[]):
.IP " 1." 4
Fork this repository (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/fork)
.IP " 2." 4
-Check out the source code with
-\f[C]git\ clone\ git\@github.com:YOUR_GITHUB_USERNAME/youtube\-dl.git\f[]
+Check out the source code with:
+.RS 4
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+git\ clone\ git\@github.com:YOUR_GITHUB_USERNAME/youtube\-dl.git
+\f[]
+.fi
+.RE
.IP " 3." 4
Start a new git branch with
-\f[C]cd\ youtube\-dl;\ git\ checkout\ \-b\ yourextractor\f[]
+.RS 4
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+cd\ youtube\-dl
+git\ checkout\ \-b\ yourextractor
+\f[]
+.fi
+.RE
.IP " 4." 4
Start with this simple template and save it to
\f[C]youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py\f[]:
\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]id\[aq]:\ \[aq]42\[aq],
\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]ext\[aq]:\ \[aq]mp4\[aq],
\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]title\[aq]:\ \[aq]Video\ title\ goes\ here\[aq],
-\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]thumbnail\[aq]:\ \[aq]re:^https?://.*\\.jpg$\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \[aq]thumbnail\[aq]:\ r\[aq]re:^https?://.*\\.jpg$\[aq],
\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ TODO\ more\ properties,\ either\ as:
\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ *\ A\ value
\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ #\ *\ MD5\ checksum;\ start\ the\ string\ with\ md5:
.RE
.IP " 5." 4
Add an import in
-\f[C]youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py\f[] (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py).
+\f[C]youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py\f[] (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py).
.IP " 6." 4
Run
\f[C]python\ test/test_download.py\ TestDownload.test_YourExtractor\f[].
\f[C]youtube_dl/extractor/common.py\f[] (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py)
for possible helper methods and a detailed description of what your
extractor should and may
-return (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L62-L200).
+return (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L74-L252).
Add tests and code for as many as you want.
.IP " 8." 4
-If you can, check the code with
+Make sure your code follows youtube\-dl coding
+conventions (#youtube-dl-coding-conventions) and check the code with
flake8 (https://pypi.python.org/pypi/flake8).
+Also make sure your code works under all Python (http://www.python.org/)
+versions claimed supported by youtube\-dl, namely 2.6, 2.7, and 3.2+.
.IP " 9." 4
When the tests pass, add (http://git-scm.com/docs/git-add) the new files
and commit (http://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit) them and
.IP
.nf
\f[C]
-$\ git\ add\ youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py
+$\ git\ add\ youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py
$\ git\ add\ youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py
$\ git\ commit\ \-m\ \[aq][yourextractor]\ Add\ new\ extractor\[aq]
$\ git\ push\ origin\ yourextractor
We\[aq]ll then review and merge it.
.PP
In any case, thank you very much for your contributions!
+.SS youtube\-dl coding conventions
+.PP
+This section introduces a guide lines for writing idiomatic, robust and
+future\-proof extractor code.
+.PP
+Extractors are very fragile by nature since they depend on the layout of
+the source data provided by 3rd party media hosters out of your control
+and this layout tends to change.
+As an extractor implementer your task is not only to write code that
+will extract media links and metadata correctly but also to minimize
+dependency on the source\[aq]s layout and even to make the code foresee
+potential future changes and be ready for that.
+This is important because it will allow the extractor not to break on
+minor layout changes thus keeping old youtube\-dl versions working.
+Even though this breakage issue is easily fixed by emitting a new
+version of youtube\-dl with a fix incorporated, all the previous
+versions become broken in all repositories and distros\[aq] packages
+that may not be so prompt in fetching the update from us.
+Needless to say, some non rolling release distros may never receive an
+update at all.
+.SS Mandatory and optional metafields
+.PP
+For extraction to work youtube\-dl relies on metadata your extractor
+extracts and provides to youtube\-dl expressed by an information
+dictionary (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L75-L257)
+or simply \f[I]info dict\f[].
+Only the following meta fields in the \f[I]info dict\f[] are considered
+mandatory for a successful extraction process by youtube\-dl:
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]id\f[] (media identifier)
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]title\f[] (media title)
+.IP \[bu] 2
+\f[C]url\f[] (media download URL) or \f[C]formats\f[]
+.PP
+In fact only the last option is technically mandatory (i.e.
+if you can\[aq]t figure out the download location of the media the
+extraction does not make any sense).
+But by convention youtube\-dl also treats \f[C]id\f[] and \f[C]title\f[]
+as mandatory.
+Thus the aforementioned metafields are the critical data that the
+extraction does not make any sense without and if any of them fail to be
+extracted then the extractor is considered completely broken.
+.PP
+Any
+field (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L149-L257)
+apart from the aforementioned ones are considered \f[B]optional\f[].
+That means that extraction should be \f[B]tolerant\f[] to situations
+when sources for these fields can potentially be unavailable (even if
+they are always available at the moment) and \f[B]future\-proof\f[] in
+order not to break the extraction of general purpose mandatory fields.
+.SS Example
+.PP
+Say you have some source dictionary \f[C]meta\f[] that you\[aq]ve
+fetched as JSON with HTTP request and it has a key \f[C]summary\f[]:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+meta\ =\ self._download_json(url,\ video_id)
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Assume at this point \f[C]meta\f[]\[aq]s layout is:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+{
+\ \ \ \ ...
+\ \ \ \ "summary":\ "some\ fancy\ summary\ text",
+\ \ \ \ ...
+}
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Assume you want to extract \f[C]summary\f[] and put it into the
+resulting info dict as \f[C]description\f[].
+Since \f[C]description\f[] is an optional meta field you should be ready
+that this key may be missing from the \f[C]meta\f[] dict, so that you
+should extract it like:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+description\ =\ meta.get(\[aq]summary\[aq])\ \ #\ correct
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+and not like:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+description\ =\ meta[\[aq]summary\[aq]]\ \ #\ incorrect
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+The latter will break extraction process with \f[C]KeyError\f[] if
+\f[C]summary\f[] disappears from \f[C]meta\f[] at some later time but
+with the former approach extraction will just go ahead with
+\f[C]description\f[] set to \f[C]None\f[] which is perfectly fine
+(remember \f[C]None\f[] is equivalent to the absence of data).
+.PP
+Similarly, you should pass \f[C]fatal=False\f[] when extracting optional
+data from a webpage with \f[C]_search_regex\f[],
+\f[C]_html_search_regex\f[] or similar methods, for instance:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+description\ =\ self._search_regex(
+\ \ \ \ r\[aq]<span[^>]+id="title"[^>]*>([^<]+)<\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ webpage,\ \[aq]description\[aq],\ fatal=False)
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+With \f[C]fatal\f[] set to \f[C]False\f[] if \f[C]_search_regex\f[]
+fails to extract \f[C]description\f[] it will emit a warning and
+continue extraction.
+.PP
+You can also pass \f[C]default=<some\ fallback\ value>\f[], for example:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+description\ =\ self._search_regex(
+\ \ \ \ r\[aq]<span[^>]+id="title"[^>]*>([^<]+)<\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ webpage,\ \[aq]description\[aq],\ default=None)
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+On failure this code will silently continue the extraction with
+\f[C]description\f[] set to \f[C]None\f[].
+That is useful for metafields that may or may not be present.
+.SS Provide fallbacks
+.PP
+When extracting metadata try to do so from multiple sources.
+For example if \f[C]title\f[] is present in several places, try
+extracting from at least some of them.
+This makes it more future\-proof in case some of the sources become
+unavailable.
+.SS Example
+.PP
+Say \f[C]meta\f[] from the previous example has a \f[C]title\f[] and you
+are about to extract it.
+Since \f[C]title\f[] is a mandatory meta field you should end up with
+something like:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+title\ =\ meta[\[aq]title\[aq]]
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+If \f[C]title\f[] disappears from \f[C]meta\f[] in future due to some
+changes on the hoster\[aq]s side the extraction would fail since
+\f[C]title\f[] is mandatory.
+That\[aq]s expected.
+.PP
+Assume that you have some another source you can extract \f[C]title\f[]
+from, for example \f[C]og:title\f[] HTML meta of a \f[C]webpage\f[].
+In this case you can provide a fallback scenario:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+title\ =\ meta.get(\[aq]title\[aq])\ or\ self._og_search_title(webpage)
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+This code will try to extract from \f[C]meta\f[] first and if it fails
+it will try extracting \f[C]og:title\f[] from a \f[C]webpage\f[].
+.SS Make regular expressions flexible
+.PP
+When using regular expressions try to write them fuzzy and flexible.
+.SS Example
+.PP
+Say you need to extract \f[C]title\f[] from the following HTML code:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+<span\ style="position:\ absolute;\ left:\ 910px;\ width:\ 90px;\ float:\ right;\ z\-index:\ 9999;"\ class="title">some\ fancy\ title</span>
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+The code for that task should look similar to:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+title\ =\ self._search_regex(
+\ \ \ \ r\[aq]<span[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>([^<]+)\[aq],\ webpage,\ \[aq]title\[aq])
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Or even better:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+title\ =\ self._search_regex(
+\ \ \ \ r\[aq]<span[^>]+class=(["\\\[aq]])title\\1[^>]*>(?P<title>[^<]+)\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ webpage,\ \[aq]title\[aq],\ group=\[aq]title\[aq])
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+Note how you tolerate potential changes in the \f[C]style\f[]
+attribute\[aq]s value or switch from using double quotes to single for
+\f[C]class\f[] attribute:
+.PP
+The code definitely should not look like:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+title\ =\ self._search_regex(
+\ \ \ \ r\[aq]<span\ style="position:\ absolute;\ left:\ 910px;\ width:\ 90px;\ float:\ right;\ z\-index:\ 9999;"\ class="title">(.*?)</span>\[aq],
+\ \ \ \ webpage,\ \[aq]title\[aq],\ group=\[aq]title\[aq])
+\f[]
+.fi
+.SS Use safe conversion functions
+.PP
+Wrap all extracted numeric data into safe functions from \f[C]utils\f[]:
+\f[C]int_or_none\f[], \f[C]float_or_none\f[].
+Use them for string to number conversions as well.
.SH EMBEDDING YOUTUBE\-DL
.PP
youtube\-dl makes the best effort to be a good command\-line program,
.fi
.PP
Most likely, you\[aq]ll want to use various options.
-For a list of what can be done, have a look at
-youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py#L117-L265).
+For a list of options available, have a look at
+\f[C]youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py\f[] (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py#L129-L279).
For a start, if you want to intercept youtube\-dl\[aq]s output, set a
\f[C]logger\f[] object.
.PP
.SH BUGS
.PP
Bugs and suggestions should be reported at:
-<https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues> .
-Unless you were prompted so or there is another pertinent reason (e.g.
+<https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues>.
+Unless you were prompted to or there is another pertinent reason (e.g.
GitHub fails to accept the bug report), please do not send bug reports
via personal email.
-For discussions, join us in the irc channel #youtube\-dl on freenode.
+For discussions, join us in the IRC channel
+#youtube\-dl (irc://chat.freenode.net/#youtube-dl) on freenode
+(webchat (http://webchat.freenode.net/?randomnick=1&channels=youtube-dl)).
.PP
\f[B]Please include the full output of youtube\-dl when run with
-\f[C]\-v\f[]\f[].
+\f[C]\-v\f[]\f[], i.e.
+\f[B]add\f[] \f[C]\-v\f[] flag to \f[B]your command line\f[], copy the
+\f[B]whole\f[] output and post it in the issue body wrapped in ``` for
+better formatting.
+It should look similar to this:
+.IP
+.nf
+\f[C]
+$\ youtube\-dl\ \-v\ <your\ command\ line>
+[debug]\ System\ config:\ []
+[debug]\ User\ config:\ []
+[debug]\ Command\-line\ args:\ [u\[aq]\-v\[aq],\ u\[aq]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKcj\[aq]]
+[debug]\ Encodings:\ locale\ cp1251,\ fs\ mbcs,\ out\ cp866,\ pref\ cp1251
+[debug]\ youtube\-dl\ version\ 2015.12.06
+[debug]\ Git\ HEAD:\ 135392e
+[debug]\ Python\ version\ 2.6.6\ \-\ Windows\-2003Server\-5.2.3790\-SP2
+[debug]\ exe\ versions:\ ffmpeg\ N\-75573\-g1d0487f,\ ffprobe\ N\-75573\-g1d0487f,\ rtmpdump\ 2.4
+[debug]\ Proxy\ map:\ {}
+\&...
+\f[]
+.fi
+.PP
+\f[B]Do not post screenshots of verbose logs; only plain text is
+acceptable.\f[]
.PP
The output (including the first lines) contains important debugging
information.
some of these, which makes it hard for us to respond to it.
We\[aq]re often too polite to close the issue outright, but the missing
info makes misinterpretation likely.
-As a commiter myself, I often get frustrated by these issues, since the
+As a committer myself, I often get frustrated by these issues, since the
only possible way for me to move forward on them is to ask for
clarification over and over.
.PP
.PP
\f[B]Site support requests must contain an example URL\f[].
An example URL is a URL you might want to download, like
-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc .
+\f[C]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc\f[].
There should be an obvious video present.
Except under very special circumstances, the main page of a video
service (e.g.
-http://www.youtube.com/ ) is \f[I]not\f[] an example URL.
+\f[C]http://www.youtube.com/\f[]) is \f[I]not\f[] an example URL.
.SS Are you using the latest version?
.PP
Before reporting any issue, type \f[C]youtube\-dl\ \-U\f[].
.PP
Make sure that someone has not already opened the issue you\[aq]re
trying to open.
-Search at the top of the window or at
-https://github.com/rg3/youtube\-dl/search?type=Issues .
+Search at the top of the window or browse the GitHub
+Issues (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/search?type=Issues) of this
+repository.
If there is an issue, feel free to write something along the lines of
"This affects me as well, with version 2015.01.01.
Here is some more information on the issue: ...".
.PP
Before requesting a new feature, please have a quick peek at the list of
supported
-options (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/README.md#synopsis).
+options (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/README.md#options).
Many feature requests are for features that actually exist already!
Please, absolutely do show off your work in the issue report and detail
how the existing similar options do \f[I]not\f[] solve your problem.
In particular, every site support request issue should only pertain to
services at one site (generally under a common domain, but always using
the same backend technology).
-Do not request support for vimeo user videos, Whitehouse podcasts, and
+Do not request support for vimeo user videos, White house podcasts, and
Google Plus pages in the same issue.
Also, make sure that you don\[aq]t post bug reports alongside feature
requests.
.SS Is your question about youtube\-dl?
.PP
It may sound strange, but some bug reports we receive are completely
-unrelated to youtube\-dl and relate to a different or even the
-reporter\[aq]s own application.
+unrelated to youtube\-dl and relate to a different, or even the
+reporter\[aq]s own, application.
Please make sure that you are actually using youtube\-dl.
If you are using a UI for youtube\-dl, report the bug to the maintainer
of the actual application providing the UI.
.PP
youtube\-dl is released into the public domain by the copyright holders.
.PP
-This README file was originally written by Daniel Bolton
-(<https://github.com/dbbolton>) and is likewise released into the public
-domain.
+This README file was originally written by Daniel
+Bolton (https://github.com/dbbolton) and is likewise released into the
+public domain.
Rapsys Git / youtubedl / blobdiff