compat_str,
)
from ..utils import (
+ bool_or_none,
clean_html,
- dict_get,
error_to_compat_str,
+ extract_attributes,
ExtractorError,
float_or_none,
get_element_by_attribute,
orderedSet,
parse_codecs,
parse_duration,
- qualities,
remove_quotes,
remove_start,
smuggle_url,
# If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
_LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
- _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}'
+ _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}'
def _set_language(self):
self._set_cookie(
'f.req': json.dumps(f_req),
'flowName': 'GlifWebSignIn',
'flowEntry': 'ServiceLogin',
+ # TODO: reverse actual botguard identifier generation algo
+ 'bgRequest': '["identifier",""]',
})
return self._download_json(
url, None, note=note, errnote=errnote,
for video_id, video_title in self.extract_videos_from_page(content):
yield self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id, video_title)
- def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
- ids_in_page = []
- titles_in_page = []
- for mobj in re.finditer(self._VIDEO_RE, page):
+ def extract_videos_from_page_impl(self, video_re, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page):
+ for mobj in re.finditer(video_re, page):
# The link with index 0 is not the first video of the playlist (not sure if still actual)
if 'index' in mobj.groupdict() and mobj.group('id') == '0':
continue
video_id = mobj.group('id')
- video_title = unescapeHTML(mobj.group('title'))
+ video_title = unescapeHTML(
+ mobj.group('title')) if 'title' in mobj.groupdict() else None
if video_title:
video_title = video_title.strip()
+ if video_title == '► Play all':
+ video_title = None
try:
idx = ids_in_page.index(video_id)
if video_title and not titles_in_page[idx]:
except ValueError:
ids_in_page.append(video_id)
titles_in_page.append(video_title)
+
+ def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
+ ids_in_page = []
+ titles_in_page = []
+ self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
+ self._VIDEO_RE, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
_VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
(
(?:https?://|//) # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL
- (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/|
+ (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie|kids)?\.com/|
(?:www\.)?deturl\.com/www\.youtube\.com/|
(?:www\.)?pwnyoutube\.com/|
(?:www\.)?hooktube\.com/|
(?:www\.)?yourepeat\.com/|
tube\.majestyc\.net/|
+ # Invidious instances taken from https://github.com/omarroth/invidious/wiki/Invidious-Instances
(?:(?:www|dev)\.)?invidio\.us/|
- (?:www\.)?invidiou\.sh/|
- (?:www\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org/|
+ (?:(?:www|no)\.)?invidiou\.sh/|
+ (?:(?:www|fi|de)\.)?invidious\.snopyta\.org/|
(?:www\.)?invidious\.kabi\.tk/|
+ (?:www\.)?invidious\.13ad\.de/|
+ (?:www\.)?invidious\.mastodon\.host/|
+ (?:www\.)?invidious\.nixnet\.xyz/|
+ (?:www\.)?invidious\.drycat\.fr/|
+ (?:www\.)?tube\.poal\.co/|
(?:www\.)?vid\.wxzm\.sx/|
+ (?:www\.)?yt\.elukerio\.org/|
+ (?:www\.)?yt\.lelux\.fi/|
+ (?:www\.)?kgg2m7yk5aybusll\.onion/|
+ (?:www\.)?qklhadlycap4cnod\.onion/|
+ (?:www\.)?axqzx4s6s54s32yentfqojs3x5i7faxza6xo3ehd4bzzsg2ii4fv2iid\.onion/|
+ (?:www\.)?c7hqkpkpemu6e7emz5b4vyz7idjgdvgaaa3dyimmeojqbgpea3xqjoid\.onion/|
+ (?:www\.)?fz253lmuao3strwbfbmx46yu7acac2jz27iwtorgmbqlkurlclmancad\.onion/|
+ (?:www\.)?invidious\.l4qlywnpwqsluw65ts7md3khrivpirse744un3x7mlskqauz5pyuzgqd\.onion/|
+ (?:www\.)?owxfohz4kjyv25fvlqilyxast7inivgiktls3th44jhk3ej3i7ya\.b32\.i2p/|
youtube\.googleapis\.com/) # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
(?:.*?\#/)? # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
(?: # the various things that can precede the ID:
(?(1).+)? # if we found the ID, everything can follow
$""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
_NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
+ _PLAYER_INFO_RE = (
+ r'/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{8,})/player_ias\.vflset(?:/[a-zA-Z]{2,3}_[a-zA-Z]{2,3})?/base\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
+ r'\b(?P<id>vfl[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)\b.*?\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
+ )
_formats = {
'5': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 400, 'height': 240, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
'6': {'ext': 'flv', 'width': 450, 'height': 270, 'acodec': 'mp3', 'abr': 64, 'vcodec': 'h263'},
# RTMP (unnamed)
'_rtmp': {'protocol': 'rtmp'},
+
+ # av01 video only formats sometimes served with "unknown" codecs
+ '394': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
+ '395': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
+ '396': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
+ '397': {'acodec': 'none', 'vcodec': 'av01.0.05M.08'},
}
_SUBTITLE_FORMATS = ('srv1', 'srv2', 'srv3', 'ttml', 'vtt')
'upload_date': '20120506',
'title': 'Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]',
'alt_title': 'I Love It (feat. Charli XCX)',
- 'description': 'md5:f3ceb5ef83a08d95b9d146f973157cc8',
+ 'description': 'md5:19a2f98d9032b9311e686ed039564f63',
'tags': ['Icona Pop i love it', 'sweden', 'pop music', 'big beat records', 'big beat', 'charli',
'xcx', 'charli xcx', 'girls', 'hbo', 'i love it', "i don't care", 'icona', 'pop',
'iconic ep', 'iconic', 'love', 'it'],
'id': 'nfWlot6h_JM',
'ext': 'm4a',
'title': 'Taylor Swift - Shake It Off',
- 'description': 'md5:bec2185232c05479482cb5a9b82719bf',
+ 'description': 'md5:307195cd21ff7fa352270fe884570ef0',
'duration': 242,
'uploader': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
'uploader_id': 'TaylorSwiftVEVO',
'upload_date': '20140818',
- 'creator': 'Taylor Swift',
},
'params': {
'youtube_include_dash_manifest': True,
'upload_date': '20100430',
'uploader_id': 'deadmau5',
'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/deadmau5',
- 'creator': 'deadmau5',
+ 'creator': 'Dada Life, deadmau5',
'description': 'md5:12c56784b8032162bb936a5f76d55360',
'uploader': 'deadmau5',
'title': 'Deadmau5 - Some Chords (HD)',
- 'alt_title': 'Some Chords',
+ 'alt_title': 'This Machine Kills Some Chords',
},
'expected_warnings': [
'DASH manifest missing',
'skip_download': True,
'youtube_include_dash_manifest': False,
},
+ 'skip': 'not actual anymore',
},
{
# Youtube Music Auto-generated description
'title': 'Voyeur Girl',
'description': 'md5:7ae382a65843d6df2685993e90a8628f',
'upload_date': '20190312',
- 'uploader': 'Various Artists - Topic',
- 'uploader_id': 'UCVWKBi1ELZn0QX2CBLSkiyw',
+ 'uploader': 'Stephen - Topic',
+ 'uploader_id': 'UC-pWHpBjdGG69N9mM2auIAA',
'artist': 'Stephen',
'track': 'Voyeur Girl',
'album': 'it\'s too much love to know my dear',
'id': '-hcAI0g-f5M',
'ext': 'mp4',
'title': 'Put It On Me',
- 'description': 'md5:93c55acc682ae7b0c668f2e34e1c069e',
+ 'description': 'md5:f6422397c07c4c907c6638e1fee380a5',
'upload_date': '20180426',
'uploader': 'Matt Maeson - Topic',
'uploader_id': 'UCnEkIGqtGcQMLk73Kp-Q5LQ',
'skip_download': True,
},
},
+ {
+ 'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=3b8nCWDgZ6Q',
+ 'only_matching': True,
+ },
+ {
+ # invalid -> valid video id redirection
+ 'url': 'DJztXj2GPfl',
+ 'info_dict': {
+ 'id': 'DJztXj2GPfk',
+ 'ext': 'mp4',
+ 'title': 'Panjabi MC - Mundian To Bach Ke (The Dictator Soundtrack)',
+ 'description': 'md5:bf577a41da97918e94fa9798d9228825',
+ 'upload_date': '20090125',
+ 'uploader': 'Prochorowka',
+ 'uploader_id': 'Prochorowka',
+ 'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/Prochorowka',
+ 'artist': 'Panjabi MC',
+ 'track': 'Beware of the Boys (Mundian to Bach Ke) - Motivo Hi-Lectro Remix',
+ 'album': 'Beware of the Boys (Mundian To Bach Ke)',
+ },
+ 'params': {
+ 'skip_download': True,
+ },
+ }
]
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
""" Return a string representation of a signature """
return '.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in example_sig.split('.'))
- def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
- id_m = re.match(
- r'.*?-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player(?:-new)?|(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base)?\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
- player_url)
- if not id_m:
+ @classmethod
+ def _extract_player_info(cls, player_url):
+ for player_re in cls._PLAYER_INFO_RE:
+ id_m = re.search(player_re, player_url)
+ if id_m:
+ break
+ else:
raise ExtractorError('Cannot identify player %r' % player_url)
- player_type = id_m.group('ext')
- player_id = id_m.group('id')
+ return id_m.group('ext'), id_m.group('id')
+
+ def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, example_sig):
+ player_type, player_id = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
# Read from filesystem cache
func_id = '%s_%s_%s' % (
def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
funcname = self._search_regex(
- (r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+ (r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+ r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*encodeURIComponent\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+ r'\b(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]{2})\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
+ r'(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\s*=\s*function\(\s*a\s*\)\s*{\s*a\s*=\s*a\.split\(\s*""\s*\)',
+ # Obsolete patterns
+ r'(["\'])signature\1\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
r'\.sig\|\|(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
- r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*c\s*&&\s*d\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
- r'\bc\s*&&\s*d\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
- r'\bc\s*&&\s*d\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
+ r'yt\.akamaized\.net/\)\s*\|\|\s*.*?\s*[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?:encodeURIComponent\s*\()?\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+ r'\b[cs]\s*&&\s*[adf]\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+ r'\b[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+ r'\bc\s*&&\s*a\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+ r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\(',
+ r'\bc\s*&&\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.set\([^,]+\s*,\s*\([^)]*\)\s*\(\s*(?P<sig>[a-zA-Z0-9$]+)\('),
jscode, 'Initial JS player signature function name', group='sig')
jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
video_id = mobj.group(2)
return video_id
- def _extract_annotations(self, video_id):
- url = 'https://www.youtube.com/annotations_invideo?features=1&legacy=1&video_id=%s' % video_id
- return self._download_webpage(url, video_id, note='Searching for annotations.', errnote='Unable to download video annotations.')
-
@staticmethod
def _extract_chapters(description, duration):
if not description:
# Get video webpage
url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1&bpctr=9999999999' % video_id
- video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+ video_webpage, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(url, video_id)
+
+ qs = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(urlh.geturl()).query)
+ video_id = qs.get('v', [None])[0] or video_id
# Attempt to extract SWF player URL
mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
def extract_view_count(v_info):
return int_or_none(try_get(v_info, lambda x: x['view_count'][0]))
- def extract_token(v_info):
- return dict_get(v_info, ('account_playback_token', 'accountPlaybackToken', 'token'))
+ def extract_player_response(player_response, video_id):
+ pl_response = str_or_none(player_response)
+ if not pl_response:
+ return
+ pl_response = self._parse_json(pl_response, video_id, fatal=False)
+ if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
+ add_dash_mpd_pr(pl_response)
+ return pl_response
player_response = {}
# Get video info
+ video_info = {}
embed_webpage = None
if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
age_gate = True
r'"sts"\s*:\s*(\d+)', embed_webpage, 'sts', default=''),
})
video_info_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
- video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
- video_info_url, video_id,
- note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
- errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
- video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
- add_dash_mpd(video_info)
+ try:
+ video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
+ video_info_url, video_id,
+ note='Refetching age-gated info webpage',
+ errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
+ except ExtractorError:
+ video_info_webpage = None
+ if video_info_webpage:
+ video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
+ pl_response = video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
+ player_response = extract_player_response(pl_response, video_id)
+ add_dash_mpd(video_info)
+ view_count = extract_view_count(video_info)
else:
age_gate = False
- video_info = None
- sts = None
# Try looking directly into the video webpage
ytplayer_config = self._get_ytplayer_config(video_id, video_webpage)
if ytplayer_config:
args['ypc_vid'], YoutubeIE.ie_key(), video_id=args['ypc_vid'])
if args.get('livestream') == '1' or args.get('live_playback') == 1:
is_live = True
- sts = ytplayer_config.get('sts')
if not player_response:
- pl_response = str_or_none(args.get('player_response'))
- if pl_response:
- pl_response = self._parse_json(pl_response, video_id, fatal=False)
- if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
- player_response = pl_response
+ player_response = extract_player_response(args.get('player_response'), video_id)
if not video_info or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
- # We also try looking in get_video_info since it may contain different dashmpd
- # URL that points to a DASH manifest with possibly different itag set (some itags
- # are missing from DASH manifest pointed by webpage's dashmpd, some - from DASH
- # manifest pointed by get_video_info's dashmpd).
- # The general idea is to take a union of itags of both DASH manifests (for example
- # video with such 'manifest behavior' see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/6093)
- self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
- for el in ('embedded', 'detailpage', 'vevo', ''):
- query = {
- 'video_id': video_id,
- 'ps': 'default',
- 'eurl': '',
- 'gl': 'US',
- 'hl': 'en',
- }
- if el:
- query['el'] = el
- if sts:
- query['sts'] = sts
- video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(
- '%s://www.youtube.com/get_video_info' % proto,
- video_id, note=False,
- errnote='unable to download video info webpage',
- fatal=False, query=query)
- if not video_info_webpage:
- continue
- get_video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
- if not player_response:
- pl_response = get_video_info.get('player_response', [None])[0]
- if isinstance(pl_response, dict):
- player_response = pl_response
- add_dash_mpd_pr(player_response)
- add_dash_mpd(get_video_info)
- if view_count is None:
- view_count = extract_view_count(get_video_info)
- if not video_info:
- video_info = get_video_info
- get_token = extract_token(get_video_info)
- if get_token:
- # Different get_video_info requests may report different results, e.g.
- # some may report video unavailability, but some may serve it without
- # any complaint (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/7362,
- # the original webpage as well as el=info and el=embedded get_video_info
- # requests report video unavailability due to geo restriction while
- # el=detailpage succeeds and returns valid data). This is probably
- # due to YouTube measures against IP ranges of hosting providers.
- # Working around by preferring the first succeeded video_info containing
- # the token if no such video_info yet was found.
- token = extract_token(video_info)
- if not token:
- video_info = get_video_info
- break
def extract_unavailable_message():
- return self._html_search_regex(
- r'(?s)<h1[^>]+id="unavailable-message"[^>]*>(.+?)</h1>',
- video_webpage, 'unavailable message', default=None)
-
- if not video_info:
+ messages = []
+ for tag, kind in (('h1', 'message'), ('div', 'submessage')):
+ msg = self._html_search_regex(
+ r'(?s)<{tag}[^>]+id=["\']unavailable-{kind}["\'][^>]*>(.+?)</{tag}>'.format(tag=tag, kind=kind),
+ video_webpage, 'unavailable %s' % kind, default=None)
+ if msg:
+ messages.append(msg)
+ if messages:
+ return '\n'.join(messages)
+
+ if not video_info and not player_response:
unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
if not unavailable_message:
unavailable_message = 'Unable to extract video data'
raise ExtractorError(
'YouTube said: %s' % unavailable_message, expected=True, video_id=video_id)
+ if not isinstance(video_info, dict):
+ video_info = {}
+
video_details = try_get(
player_response, lambda x: x['videoDetails'], dict) or {}
- # title
- if 'title' in video_info:
- video_title = video_info['title'][0]
- elif 'title' in player_response:
- video_title = video_details['title']
- else:
+ video_title = video_info.get('title', [None])[0] or video_details.get('title')
+ if not video_title:
self._downloader.report_warning('Unable to extract video title')
video_title = '_'
- # description
description_original = video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
if video_description:
''', replace_url, video_description)
video_description = clean_html(video_description)
else:
- fd_mobj = re.search(r'<meta name="description" content="([^"]+)"', video_webpage)
- if fd_mobj:
- video_description = unescapeHTML(fd_mobj.group(1))
- else:
- video_description = ''
+ video_description = self._html_search_meta('description', video_webpage) or video_details.get('shortDescription')
if not smuggled_data.get('force_singlefeed', False):
if not self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
# fields may contain comma as well (see
# https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8536)
feed_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_unquote_plus(feed))
+
+ def feed_entry(name):
+ return try_get(feed_data, lambda x: x[name][0], compat_str)
+
+ feed_id = feed_entry('id')
+ if not feed_id:
+ continue
+ feed_title = feed_entry('title')
+ title = video_title
+ if feed_title:
+ title += ' (%s)' % feed_title
entries.append({
'_type': 'url_transparent',
'ie_key': 'Youtube',
'url': smuggle_url(
'%s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % (proto, feed_data['id'][0]),
{'force_singlefeed': True}),
- 'title': '%s (%s)' % (video_title, feed_data['title'][0]),
+ 'title': title,
})
- feed_ids.append(feed_data['id'][0])
+ feed_ids.append(feed_id)
self.to_screen(
'Downloading multifeed video (%s) - add --no-playlist to just download video %s'
% (', '.join(feed_ids), video_id))
if view_count is None and video_details:
view_count = int_or_none(video_details.get('viewCount'))
+ if is_live is None:
+ is_live = bool_or_none(video_details.get('isLive'))
+
# Check for "rental" videos
if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
raise ExtractorError('"rental" videos not supported. See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/359 for more information.', expected=True)
return int_or_none(self._search_regex(
r'\bclen[=/](\d+)', media_url, 'filesize', default=None))
+ streaming_formats = try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['formats'], list) or []
+ streaming_formats.extend(try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['adaptiveFormats'], list) or [])
+
if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
self.report_rtmp_download()
formats = [{
'url': video_info['conn'][0],
'player_url': player_url,
}]
- elif not is_live and (len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0]) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]) >= 1):
+ elif not is_live and (streaming_formats or len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0]) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]) >= 1):
encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [''])[0]
if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
+ formats = []
formats_spec = {}
fmt_list = video_info.get('fmt_list', [''])[0]
if fmt_list:
'width': int_or_none(width_height[0]),
'height': int_or_none(width_height[1]),
}
- q = qualities(['small', 'medium', 'hd720'])
- streaming_formats = try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['formats'], list)
- if streaming_formats:
- for fmt in streaming_formats:
- itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
- if not itag:
- continue
- quality = fmt.get('quality')
- quality_label = fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality
- formats_spec[itag] = {
- 'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
- 'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
- 'format_note': quality_label,
- 'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
- 'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
- 'quality': q(quality),
- # bitrate for itag 43 is always 2147483647
- 'tbr': float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000) if itag != '43' else None,
- 'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
- }
- formats = []
- for url_data_str in encoded_url_map.split(','):
- url_data = compat_parse_qs(url_data_str)
- if 'itag' not in url_data or 'url' not in url_data or url_data.get('drm_families'):
+ for fmt in streaming_formats:
+ itag = str_or_none(fmt.get('itag'))
+ if not itag:
+ continue
+ quality = fmt.get('quality')
+ quality_label = fmt.get('qualityLabel') or quality
+ formats_spec[itag] = {
+ 'asr': int_or_none(fmt.get('audioSampleRate')),
+ 'filesize': int_or_none(fmt.get('contentLength')),
+ 'format_note': quality_label,
+ 'fps': int_or_none(fmt.get('fps')),
+ 'height': int_or_none(fmt.get('height')),
+ # bitrate for itag 43 is always 2147483647
+ 'tbr': float_or_none(fmt.get('averageBitrate') or fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000) if itag != '43' else None,
+ 'width': int_or_none(fmt.get('width')),
+ }
+
+ for fmt in streaming_formats:
+ if fmt.get('drmFamilies') or fmt.get('drm_families'):
continue
+ url = url_or_none(fmt.get('url'))
+
+ if not url:
+ cipher = fmt.get('cipher') or fmt.get('signatureCipher')
+ if not cipher:
+ continue
+ url_data = compat_parse_qs(cipher)
+ url = url_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['url'][0], compat_str))
+ if not url:
+ continue
+ else:
+ cipher = None
+ url_data = compat_parse_qs(compat_urllib_parse_urlparse(url).query)
+
stream_type = int_or_none(try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['stream_type'][0]))
# Unsupported FORMAT_STREAM_TYPE_OTF
if stream_type == 3:
continue
- format_id = url_data['itag'][0]
- url = url_data['url'][0]
-
- if 's' in url_data or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
- ASSETS_RE = r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")'
- jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
- ASSETS_RE,
- embed_webpage if age_gate else video_webpage,
- 'JS player URL (1)', default=None)
- if not jsplayer_url_json and not age_gate:
- # We need the embed website after all
- if embed_webpage is None:
- embed_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
- embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(
- embed_url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
- jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
- ASSETS_RE, embed_webpage, 'JS player URL')
-
- player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
- if player_url is None:
- player_url_json = self._search_regex(
- r'ytplayer\.config.*?"url"\s*:\s*("[^"]+")',
- video_webpage, 'age gate player URL')
- player_url = json.loads(player_url_json)
- if 'sig' in url_data:
- url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
- elif 's' in url_data:
- encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
+ format_id = fmt.get('itag') or url_data['itag'][0]
+ if not format_id:
+ continue
+ format_id = compat_str(format_id)
- if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
+ if cipher:
+ if 's' in url_data or self._downloader.params.get('youtube_include_dash_manifest', True):
+ ASSETS_RE = r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")'
+ jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
+ ASSETS_RE,
+ embed_webpage if age_gate else video_webpage,
+ 'JS player URL (1)', default=None)
+ if not jsplayer_url_json and not age_gate:
+ # We need the embed website after all
+ if embed_webpage is None:
+ embed_url = proto + '://www.youtube.com/embed/%s' % video_id
+ embed_webpage = self._download_webpage(
+ embed_url, video_id, 'Downloading embed webpage')
+ jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
+ ASSETS_RE, embed_webpage, 'JS player URL')
+
+ player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
if player_url is None:
- player_version = 'unknown'
- player_desc = 'unknown'
- else:
- if player_url.endswith('swf'):
- player_version = self._search_regex(
- r'-(.+?)(?:/watch_as3)?\.swf$', player_url,
- 'flash player', fatal=False)
- player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
+ player_url_json = self._search_regex(
+ r'ytplayer\.config.*?"url"\s*:\s*("[^"]+")',
+ video_webpage, 'age gate player URL')
+ player_url = json.loads(player_url_json)
+
+ if 'sig' in url_data:
+ url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
+ elif 's' in url_data:
+ encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
+
+ if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
+ if player_url is None:
+ player_desc = 'unknown'
else:
- player_version = self._search_regex(
- [r'html5player-([^/]+?)(?:/html5player(?:-new)?)?\.js',
- r'(?:www|player(?:_ias)?)-([^/]+)(?:/[a-z]{2,3}_[A-Z]{2})?/base\.js'],
- player_url,
- 'html5 player', fatal=False)
- player_desc = 'html5 player %s' % player_version
-
- parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
- self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
- (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
-
- signature = self._decrypt_signature(
- encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
- sp = try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['sp'][0], compat_str) or 'signature'
- url += '&%s=%s' % (sp, signature)
+ player_type, player_version = self._extract_player_info(player_url)
+ player_desc = '%s player %s' % ('flash' if player_type == 'swf' else 'html5', player_version)
+ parts_sizes = self._signature_cache_id(encrypted_sig)
+ self.to_screen('{%s} signature length %s, %s' %
+ (format_id, parts_sizes, player_desc))
+
+ signature = self._decrypt_signature(
+ encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
+ sp = try_get(url_data, lambda x: x['sp'][0], compat_str) or 'signature'
+ url += '&%s=%s' % (sp, signature)
if 'ratebypass' not in url:
url += '&ratebypass=yes'
mobj = re.search(r'^(?P<width>\d+)[xX](?P<height>\d+)$', url_data.get('size', [''])[0])
width, height = (int(mobj.group('width')), int(mobj.group('height'))) if mobj else (None, None)
+ if width is None:
+ width = int_or_none(fmt.get('width'))
+ if height is None:
+ height = int_or_none(fmt.get('height'))
+
filesize = int_or_none(url_data.get(
'clen', [None])[0]) or _extract_filesize(url)
- quality = url_data.get('quality', [None])[0]
+ quality = url_data.get('quality', [None])[0] or fmt.get('quality')
+ quality_label = url_data.get('quality_label', [None])[0] or fmt.get('qualityLabel')
+
+ tbr = (float_or_none(url_data.get('bitrate', [None])[0], 1000)
+ or float_or_none(fmt.get('bitrate'), 1000)) if format_id != '43' else None
+ fps = int_or_none(url_data.get('fps', [None])[0]) or int_or_none(fmt.get('fps'))
more_fields = {
'filesize': filesize,
- 'tbr': float_or_none(url_data.get('bitrate', [None])[0], 1000),
+ 'tbr': tbr,
'width': width,
'height': height,
- 'fps': int_or_none(url_data.get('fps', [None])[0]),
- 'format_note': url_data.get('quality_label', [None])[0] or quality,
- 'quality': q(quality),
+ 'fps': fps,
+ 'format_note': quality_label or quality,
}
for key, value in more_fields.items():
if value:
dct[key] = value
- type_ = url_data.get('type', [None])[0]
+ type_ = url_data.get('type', [None])[0] or fmt.get('mimeType')
if type_:
type_split = type_.split(';')
kind_ext = type_split[0].split('/')
a_format.setdefault('http_headers', {})['Youtubedl-no-compression'] = 'True'
formats.append(a_format)
else:
- error_message = clean_html(video_info.get('reason', [None])[0])
+ error_message = extract_unavailable_message()
if not error_message:
- error_message = extract_unavailable_message()
+ error_message = clean_html(try_get(
+ player_response, lambda x: x['playabilityStatus']['reason'],
+ compat_str))
+ if not error_message:
+ error_message = clean_html(
+ try_get(video_info, lambda x: x['reason'][0], compat_str))
if error_message:
raise ExtractorError(error_message, expected=True)
raise ExtractorError('no conn, hlsvp, hlsManifestUrl or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
# annotations
video_annotations = None
if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
- video_annotations = self._extract_annotations(video_id)
+ xsrf_token = self._search_regex(
+ r'([\'"])XSRF_TOKEN\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_token>[A-Za-z0-9+/=]+)\2',
+ video_webpage, 'xsrf token', group='xsrf_token', fatal=False)
+ invideo_url = try_get(
+ player_response, lambda x: x['annotations'][0]['playerAnnotationsUrlsRenderer']['invideoUrl'], compat_str)
+ if xsrf_token and invideo_url:
+ xsrf_field_name = self._search_regex(
+ r'([\'"])XSRF_FIELD_NAME\1\s*:\s*([\'"])(?P<xsrf_field_name>\w+)\2',
+ video_webpage, 'xsrf field name',
+ group='xsrf_field_name', default='session_token')
+ video_annotations = self._download_webpage(
+ self._proto_relative_url(invideo_url),
+ video_id, note='Downloading annotations',
+ errnote='Unable to download video annotations', fatal=False,
+ data=urlencode_postdata({xsrf_field_name: xsrf_token}))
chapters = self._extract_chapters(description_original, video_duration)
f['stretched_ratio'] = ratio
if not formats:
- token = extract_token(video_info)
- if not token:
- if 'reason' in video_info:
- if 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.' in video_info['reason']:
- regions_allowed = self._html_search_meta(
- 'regionsAllowed', video_webpage, default=None)
- countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
- self.raise_geo_restricted(
- msg=video_info['reason'][0], countries=countries)
- reason = video_info['reason'][0]
- if 'Invalid parameters' in reason:
- unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
- if unavailable_message:
- reason = unavailable_message
- raise ExtractorError(
- 'YouTube said: %s' % reason,
- expected=True, video_id=video_id)
- else:
- raise ExtractorError(
- '"token" parameter not in video info for unknown reason',
- video_id=video_id)
-
- if not formats and (video_info.get('license_info') or try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['licenseInfos'])):
- raise ExtractorError('This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
+ if 'reason' in video_info:
+ if 'The uploader has not made this video available in your country.' in video_info['reason']:
+ regions_allowed = self._html_search_meta(
+ 'regionsAllowed', video_webpage, default=None)
+ countries = regions_allowed.split(',') if regions_allowed else None
+ self.raise_geo_restricted(
+ msg=video_info['reason'][0], countries=countries)
+ reason = video_info['reason'][0]
+ if 'Invalid parameters' in reason:
+ unavailable_message = extract_unavailable_message()
+ if unavailable_message:
+ reason = unavailable_message
+ raise ExtractorError(
+ 'YouTube said: %s' % reason,
+ expected=True, video_id=video_id)
+ if video_info.get('license_info') or try_get(player_response, lambda x: x['streamingData']['licenseInfos']):
+ raise ExtractorError('This video is DRM protected.', expected=True)
self._sort_formats(formats)
(?:\w+\.)?
(?:
(?:
- youtube\.com|
+ youtube(?:kids)?\.com|
invidio\.us
)
/
youtu\.be/[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}\?.*?\blist=
)
(
- (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|OLAK5uy_)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
+ (?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}
# Top tracks, they can also include dots
|(?:MC)[\w\.]*
)
(%(playlist_id)s)
)""" % {'playlist_id': YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor._PLAYLIST_ID_RE}
_TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s'
- _VIDEO_RE = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+)(?:[^>]+>(?P<title>[^<]+))?'
+ _VIDEO_RE_TPL = r'href="\s*/watch\?v=%s(?:&(?:[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+))?(?:[^>]+>(?P<title>[^<]+))?)?'
+ _VIDEO_RE = _VIDEO_RE_TPL % r'(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})'
IE_NAME = 'youtube:playlist'
_TESTS = [{
- 'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
+ 'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
'info_dict': {
- 'title': 'ytdl test PL',
- 'id': 'PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re',
+ 'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
+ 'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
+ 'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
+ 'title': 'youtube-dl public playlist',
},
- 'playlist_count': 3,
+ 'playlist_count': 1,
}, {
- 'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
+ 'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
'info_dict': {
- 'id': 'PLtPgu7CB4gbZDA7i_euNxn75ISqxwZPYx',
- 'title': 'YDL_Empty_List',
+ 'uploader_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
+ 'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
+ 'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFodcLWhDpGCYnngnHtQ-Xf',
+ 'title': 'youtube-dl empty playlist',
},
'playlist_count': 0,
- 'skip': 'This playlist is private',
}, {
'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
'info_dict': {
'title': '29C3: Not my department',
'id': 'PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
+ 'uploader': 'Christiaan008',
+ 'uploader_id': 'ChRiStIaAn008',
},
- 'playlist_count': 95,
+ 'playlist_count': 96,
}, {
'note': 'issue #673',
'url': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
'info_dict': {
'title': '[OLD]Team Fortress 2 (Class-based LP)',
'id': 'PLBB231211A4F62143',
+ 'uploader': 'Wickydoo',
+ 'uploader_id': 'Wickydoo',
},
'playlist_mincount': 26,
}, {
'info_dict': {
'title': 'Uploads from Cauchemar',
'id': 'UUBABnxM4Ar9ten8Mdjj1j0Q',
+ 'uploader': 'Cauchemar',
+ 'uploader_id': 'Cauchemar89',
},
'playlist_mincount': 799,
}, {
'info_dict': {
'title': 'JODA15',
'id': 'PL6IaIsEjSbf96XFRuNccS_RuEXwNdsoEu',
+ 'uploader': 'milan',
+ 'uploader_id': 'UCEI1-PVPcYXjB73Hfelbmaw',
}
}, {
'url': 'http://www.youtube.com/embed/_xDOZElKyNU?list=PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
'playlist_mincount': 485,
'info_dict': {
- 'title': '2017 華語最新單曲 (2/24更新)',
+ 'title': '2018 Chinese New Singles (11/6 updated)',
'id': 'PLsyOSbh5bs16vubvKePAQ1x3PhKavfBIl',
+ 'uploader': 'LBK',
+ 'uploader_id': 'sdragonfang',
}
}, {
'note': 'Embedded SWF player',
'info_dict': {
'title': 'JODA7',
'id': 'YN5VISEtHet5D4NEvfTd0zcgFk84NqFZ',
- }
+ },
+ 'skip': 'This playlist does not exist',
}, {
'note': 'Buggy playlist: the webpage has a "Load more" button but it doesn\'t have more videos',
'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
'info_dict': {
'title': 'Uploads from Interstellar Movie',
'id': 'UUXw-G3eDE9trcvY2sBMM_aA',
+ 'uploader': 'Interstellar Movie',
+ 'uploader_id': 'InterstellarMovie1',
},
'playlist_mincount': 21,
}, {
'params': {
'skip_download': True,
},
+ 'skip': 'This video is not available.',
'add_ie': [YoutubeIE.ie_key()],
}, {
'url': 'https://youtu.be/yeWKywCrFtk?list=PL2qgrgXsNUG5ig9cat4ohreBjYLAPC0J5',
'uploader_id': 'backuspagemuseum',
'uploader_url': r're:https?://(?:www\.)?youtube\.com/user/backuspagemuseum',
'upload_date': '20161008',
- 'license': 'Standard YouTube License',
'description': 'md5:800c0c78d5eb128500bffd4f0b4f2e8a',
'categories': ['Nonprofits & Activism'],
'tags': list,
'noplaylist': True,
'skip_download': True,
},
+ }, {
+ # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21844
+ 'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
+ 'info_dict': {
+ 'title': 'Data Analysis with Dr Mike Pound',
+ 'id': 'PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
+ 'uploader_id': 'Computerphile',
+ 'uploader': 'Computerphile',
+ },
+ 'playlist_mincount': 11,
}, {
'url': 'https://youtu.be/uWyaPkt-VOI?list=PL9D9FC436B881BA21',
'only_matching': True,
}, {
'url': 'https://invidio.us/playlist?list=PLDIoUOhQQPlXr63I_vwF9GD8sAKh77dWU',
'only_matching': True,
+ }, {
+ 'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/watch?v=Agk7R8I8o5U&list=PUZ6jURNr1WQZCNHF0ao-c0g',
+ 'only_matching': True,
}]
def _real_initialize(self):
self._login()
+ def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
+ ids_in_page = []
+ titles_in_page = []
+
+ for item in re.findall(
+ r'(<[^>]*\bdata-video-id\s*=\s*["\'][0-9A-Za-z_-]{11}[^>]+>)', page):
+ attrs = extract_attributes(item)
+ video_id = attrs['data-video-id']
+ video_title = unescapeHTML(attrs.get('data-title'))
+ if video_title:
+ video_title = video_title.strip()
+ ids_in_page.append(video_id)
+ titles_in_page.append(video_title)
+
+ # Fallback with old _VIDEO_RE
+ self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
+ self._VIDEO_RE, page, ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
+
+ # Relaxed fallbacks
+ self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
+ r'href="\s*/watch\?v\s*=\s*(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', page,
+ ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
+ self.extract_videos_from_page_impl(
+ r'data-video-ids\s*=\s*["\'](?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})', page,
+ ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
+
+ return zip(ids_in_page, titles_in_page)
+
def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
# The mixes are generated from a single video
# the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
page, 'title', default=None)
_UPLOADER_BASE = r'class=["\']pl-header-details[^>]+>\s*<li>\s*<a[^>]+\bhref='
- uploader = self._search_regex(
+ uploader = self._html_search_regex(
r'%s["\']/(?:user|channel)/[^>]+>([^<]+)' % _UPLOADER_BASE,
page, 'uploader', default=None)
mobj = re.search(
class YoutubeChannelIE(YoutubePlaylistBaseInfoExtractor):
IE_DESC = 'YouTube.com channels'
- _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com|(?:www\.)?invidio\.us)/channel/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)'
+ _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie|kids)?\.com|(?:www\.)?invidio\.us)/channel/(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)'
_TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos'
_VIDEO_RE = r'(?:title="(?P<title>[^"]+)"[^>]+)?href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?'
IE_NAME = 'youtube:channel'
'info_dict': {
'id': 'UUKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
'title': 'Uploads from lex will',
+ 'uploader': 'lex will',
+ 'uploader_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
}
}, {
'note': 'Age restricted channel',
'info_dict': {
'id': 'UUs0ifCMCm1icqRbqhUINa0w',
'title': 'Uploads from Deus Ex',
+ 'uploader': 'Deus Ex',
+ 'uploader_id': 'DeusExOfficial',
},
}, {
'url': 'https://invidio.us/channel/UC23qupoDRn9YOAVzeoxjOQA',
'only_matching': True,
+ }, {
+ 'url': 'https://www.youtubekids.com/channel/UCyu8StPfZWapR6rfW_JgqcA',
+ 'only_matching': True,
}]
@classmethod
'info_dict': {
'id': 'UUfX55Sx5hEFjoC3cNs6mCUQ',
'title': 'Uploads from The Linux Foundation',
+ 'uploader': 'The Linux Foundation',
+ 'uploader_id': 'TheLinuxFoundation',
}
}, {
# Only available via https://www.youtube.com/c/12minuteathlete/videos
'info_dict': {
'id': 'UUVjM-zV6_opMDx7WYxnjZiQ',
'title': 'Uploads from 12 Minute Athlete',
+ 'uploader': '12 Minute Athlete',
+ 'uploader_id': 'the12minuteathlete',
}
}, {
'url': 'ytuser:phihag',
'playlist_mincount': 4,
'info_dict': {
'id': 'ThirstForScience',
- 'title': 'Thirst for Science',
+ 'title': 'ThirstForScience',
},
}, {
# with "Load more" button
'id': 'UCiU1dHvZObB2iP6xkJ__Icw',
'title': 'Chem Player',
},
+ 'skip': 'Blocked',
}]