+
+
+# Both long_to_bytes and bytes_to_long are adapted from PyCrypto, which is
+# released into Public Domain
+# https://github.com/dlitz/pycrypto/blob/master/lib/Crypto/Util/number.py#L387
+
+def long_to_bytes(n, blocksize=0):
+ """long_to_bytes(n:long, blocksize:int) : string
+ Convert a long integer to a byte string.
+
+ If optional blocksize is given and greater than zero, pad the front of the
+ byte string with binary zeros so that the length is a multiple of
+ blocksize.
+ """
+ # after much testing, this algorithm was deemed to be the fastest
+ s = b''
+ n = int(n)
+ while n > 0:
+ s = compat_struct_pack('>I', n & 0xffffffff) + s
+ n = n >> 32
+ # strip off leading zeros
+ for i in range(len(s)):
+ if s[i] != b'\000'[0]:
+ break
+ else:
+ # only happens when n == 0
+ s = b'\000'
+ i = 0
+ s = s[i:]
+ # add back some pad bytes. this could be done more efficiently w.r.t. the
+ # de-padding being done above, but sigh...
+ if blocksize > 0 and len(s) % blocksize:
+ s = (blocksize - len(s) % blocksize) * b'\000' + s
+ return s
+
+
+def bytes_to_long(s):
+ """bytes_to_long(string) : long
+ Convert a byte string to a long integer.
+
+ This is (essentially) the inverse of long_to_bytes().
+ """
+ acc = 0
+ length = len(s)
+ if length % 4:
+ extra = (4 - length % 4)
+ s = b'\000' * extra + s
+ length = length + extra
+ for i in range(0, length, 4):
+ acc = (acc << 32) + compat_struct_unpack('>I', s[i:i + 4])[0]
+ return acc
+
+
+def ohdave_rsa_encrypt(data, exponent, modulus):
+ '''
+ Implement OHDave's RSA algorithm. See http://www.ohdave.com/rsa/
+
+ Input:
+ data: data to encrypt, bytes-like object
+ exponent, modulus: parameter e and N of RSA algorithm, both integer
+ Output: hex string of encrypted data
+
+ Limitation: supports one block encryption only
+ '''
+
+ payload = int(binascii.hexlify(data[::-1]), 16)
+ encrypted = pow(payload, exponent, modulus)
+ return '%x' % encrypted
+
+
+def pkcs1pad(data, length):
+ """
+ Padding input data with PKCS#1 scheme
+
+ @param {int[]} data input data
+ @param {int} length target length
+ @returns {int[]} padded data
+ """
+ if len(data) > length - 11:
+ raise ValueError('Input data too long for PKCS#1 padding')
+
+ pseudo_random = [random.randint(0, 254) for _ in range(length - len(data) - 3)]
+ return [0, 2] + pseudo_random + [0] + data
+
+
+def encode_base_n(num, n, table=None):
+ FULL_TABLE = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
+ if not table:
+ table = FULL_TABLE[:n]
+
+ if n > len(table):
+ raise ValueError('base %d exceeds table length %d' % (n, len(table)))
+
+ if num == 0:
+ return table[0]
+
+ ret = ''
+ while num:
+ ret = table[num % n] + ret
+ num = num // n
+ return ret
+
+
+def decode_packed_codes(code):
+ mobj = re.search(PACKED_CODES_RE, code)
+ obfucasted_code, base, count, symbols = mobj.groups()
+ base = int(base)
+ count = int(count)
+ symbols = symbols.split('|')
+ symbol_table = {}
+
+ while count:
+ count -= 1
+ base_n_count = encode_base_n(count, base)
+ symbol_table[base_n_count] = symbols[count] or base_n_count
+
+ return re.sub(
+ r'\b(\w+)\b', lambda mobj: symbol_table[mobj.group(0)],
+ obfucasted_code)
+
+
+def caesar(s, alphabet, shift):
+ if shift == 0:
+ return s
+ l = len(alphabet)
+ return ''.join(
+ alphabet[(alphabet.index(c) + shift) % l] if c in alphabet else c
+ for c in s)
+
+
+def rot47(s):
+ return caesar(s, r'''!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~''', 47)
+
+
+def parse_m3u8_attributes(attrib):
+ info = {}
+ for (key, val) in re.findall(r'(?P<key>[A-Z0-9-]+)=(?P<val>"[^"]+"|[^",]+)(?:,|$)', attrib):
+ if val.startswith('"'):
+ val = val[1:-1]
+ info[key] = val
+ return info
+
+
+def urshift(val, n):
+ return val >> n if val >= 0 else (val + 0x100000000) >> n
+
+
+# Based on png2str() written by @gdkchan and improved by @yokrysty
+# Originally posted at https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/9706
+def decode_png(png_data):
+ # Reference: https://www.w3.org/TR/PNG/
+ header = png_data[8:]
+
+ if png_data[:8] != b'\x89PNG\x0d\x0a\x1a\x0a' or header[4:8] != b'IHDR':
+ raise IOError('Not a valid PNG file.')
+
+ int_map = {1: '>B', 2: '>H', 4: '>I'}
+ unpack_integer = lambda x: compat_struct_unpack(int_map[len(x)], x)[0]
+
+ chunks = []
+
+ while header:
+ length = unpack_integer(header[:4])
+ header = header[4:]
+
+ chunk_type = header[:4]
+ header = header[4:]
+
+ chunk_data = header[:length]
+ header = header[length:]
+
+ header = header[4:] # Skip CRC
+
+ chunks.append({
+ 'type': chunk_type,
+ 'length': length,
+ 'data': chunk_data
+ })
+
+ ihdr = chunks[0]['data']
+
+ width = unpack_integer(ihdr[:4])
+ height = unpack_integer(ihdr[4:8])
+
+ idat = b''
+
+ for chunk in chunks:
+ if chunk['type'] == b'IDAT':
+ idat += chunk['data']
+
+ if not idat:
+ raise IOError('Unable to read PNG data.')
+
+ decompressed_data = bytearray(zlib.decompress(idat))
+
+ stride = width * 3
+ pixels = []
+
+ def _get_pixel(idx):
+ x = idx % stride
+ y = idx // stride
+ return pixels[y][x]
+
+ for y in range(height):
+ basePos = y * (1 + stride)
+ filter_type = decompressed_data[basePos]
+
+ current_row = []
+
+ pixels.append(current_row)
+
+ for x in range(stride):
+ color = decompressed_data[1 + basePos + x]
+ basex = y * stride + x
+ left = 0
+ up = 0
+
+ if x > 2:
+ left = _get_pixel(basex - 3)
+ if y > 0:
+ up = _get_pixel(basex - stride)
+
+ if filter_type == 1: # Sub
+ color = (color + left) & 0xff
+ elif filter_type == 2: # Up
+ color = (color + up) & 0xff
+ elif filter_type == 3: # Average
+ color = (color + ((left + up) >> 1)) & 0xff
+ elif filter_type == 4: # Paeth
+ a = left
+ b = up
+ c = 0
+
+ if x > 2 and y > 0:
+ c = _get_pixel(basex - stride - 3)
+
+ p = a + b - c
+
+ pa = abs(p - a)
+ pb = abs(p - b)
+ pc = abs(p - c)
+
+ if pa <= pb and pa <= pc:
+ color = (color + a) & 0xff
+ elif pb <= pc:
+ color = (color + b) & 0xff
+ else:
+ color = (color + c) & 0xff
+
+ current_row.append(color)
+
+ return width, height, pixels
+
+
+def write_xattr(path, key, value):
+ # This mess below finds the best xattr tool for the job
+ try:
+ # try the pyxattr module...
+ import xattr
+
+ if hasattr(xattr, 'set'): # pyxattr
+ # Unicode arguments are not supported in python-pyxattr until
+ # version 0.5.0
+ # See https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/5498
+ pyxattr_required_version = '0.5.0'
+ if version_tuple(xattr.__version__) < version_tuple(pyxattr_required_version):
+ # TODO: fallback to CLI tools
+ raise XAttrUnavailableError(
+ 'python-pyxattr is detected but is too old. '
+ 'youtube-dl requires %s or above while your version is %s. '
+ 'Falling back to other xattr implementations' % (
+ pyxattr_required_version, xattr.__version__))
+
+ setxattr = xattr.set
+ else: # xattr
+ setxattr = xattr.setxattr
+
+ try:
+ setxattr(path, key, value)
+ except EnvironmentError as e:
+ raise XAttrMetadataError(e.errno, e.strerror)
+
+ except ImportError:
+ if compat_os_name == 'nt':
+ # Write xattrs to NTFS Alternate Data Streams:
+ # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS#Alternate_data_streams_.28ADS.29
+ assert ':' not in key
+ assert os.path.exists(path)
+
+ ads_fn = path + ':' + key
+ try:
+ with open(ads_fn, 'wb') as f:
+ f.write(value)
+ except EnvironmentError as e:
+ raise XAttrMetadataError(e.errno, e.strerror)
+ else:
+ user_has_setfattr = check_executable('setfattr', ['--version'])
+ user_has_xattr = check_executable('xattr', ['-h'])
+
+ if user_has_setfattr or user_has_xattr:
+
+ value = value.decode('utf-8')
+ if user_has_setfattr:
+ executable = 'setfattr'
+ opts = ['-n', key, '-v', value]
+ elif user_has_xattr:
+ executable = 'xattr'
+ opts = ['-w', key, value]
+
+ cmd = ([encodeFilename(executable, True)]
+ + [encodeArgument(o) for o in opts]
+ + [encodeFilename(path, True)])
+
+ try:
+ p = subprocess.Popen(
+ cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
+ except EnvironmentError as e:
+ raise XAttrMetadataError(e.errno, e.strerror)
+ stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
+ stderr = stderr.decode('utf-8', 'replace')
+ if p.returncode != 0:
+ raise XAttrMetadataError(p.returncode, stderr)
+
+ else:
+ # On Unix, and can't find pyxattr, setfattr, or xattr.
+ if sys.platform.startswith('linux'):
+ raise XAttrUnavailableError(
+ "Couldn't find a tool to set the xattrs. "
+ "Install either the python 'pyxattr' or 'xattr' "
+ "modules, or the GNU 'attr' package "
+ "(which contains the 'setfattr' tool).")
+ else:
+ raise XAttrUnavailableError(
+ "Couldn't find a tool to set the xattrs. "
+ "Install either the python 'xattr' module, "
+ "or the 'xattr' binary.")
+
+
+def random_birthday(year_field, month_field, day_field):
+ start_date = datetime.date(1950, 1, 1)
+ end_date = datetime.date(1995, 12, 31)
+ offset = random.randint(0, (end_date - start_date).days)
+ random_date = start_date + datetime.timedelta(offset)
+ return {
+ year_field: str(random_date.year),
+ month_field: str(random_date.month),
+ day_field: str(random_date.day),
+ }