+[Build Status]
+
youtube-dl - download videos from youtube.com or other video platforms
- INSTALLATION
INSTALLATION
-To install it right away for all UNIX users (Linux, OS X, etc.), type:
+To install it right away for all UNIX users (Linux, macOS, etc.), type:
- sudo curl https://yt-dl.org/latest/youtube-dl -o /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
+ sudo curl -L https://yt-dl.org/downloads/latest/youtube-dl -o /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
If you do not have curl, you can alternatively use a recent wget:
sudo wget https://yt-dl.org/downloads/latest/youtube-dl -O /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
-Windows users can download a .exe file and place it in their home
-directory or any other location on their PATH.
+Windows users can download an .exe file and place it in any location on
+their PATH except for %SYSTEMROOT%\System32 (e.g. DO NOT put in
+C:\Windows\System32).
+
+You can also use pip:
+
+ sudo -H pip install --upgrade youtube-dl
-OS X users can install YOUTUBE-DL with Homebrew.
+This command will update youtube-dl if you have already installed it.
+See the pypi page for more information.
+
+macOS users can install youtube-dl with Homebrew:
brew install youtube-dl
-You can also use pip:
+Or with MacPorts:
- sudo pip install youtube-dl
+ sudo port install youtube-dl
Alternatively, refer to the developer instructions for how to check out
and work with the git repository. For further options, including PGP
-signatures, see https://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html .
+signatures, see the youtube-dl Download Page.
DESCRIPTION
-YOUTUBE-DL is a small command-line program to download videos from
-YouTube.com and a few more sites. It requires the Python interpreter,
-version 2.6, 2.7, or 3.2+, and it is not platform specific. It should
-work on your Unix box, on Windows or on Mac OS X. It is released to the
-public domain, which means you can modify it, redistribute it or use it
-however you like.
+YOUTUBE-DL is a command-line program to download videos from YouTube.com
+and a few more sites. It requires the Python interpreter, version 2.6,
+2.7, or 3.2+, and it is not platform specific. It should work on your
+Unix box, on Windows or on macOS. It is released to the public domain,
+which means you can modify it, redistribute it or use it however you
+like.
youtube-dl [OPTIONS] URL [URL...]
repairs broken URLs, but emits an error if
this is not possible instead of searching.
--ignore-config Do not read configuration files. When given
- in the global configuration file /etc
- /youtube-dl.conf: Do not read the user
+ in the global configuration file
+ /etc/youtube-dl.conf: Do not read the user
configuration in ~/.config/youtube-
dl/config (%APPDATA%/youtube-dl/config.txt
on Windows)
+ --config-location PATH Location of the configuration file; either
+ the path to the config or its containing
+ directory.
--flat-playlist Do not extract the videos of a playlist,
only list them.
+ --mark-watched Mark videos watched (YouTube only)
+ --no-mark-watched Do not mark videos watched (YouTube only)
--no-color Do not emit color codes in output
Network Options:
- --proxy URL Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS proxy. Pass in
- an empty string (--proxy "") for direct
- connection
+ --proxy URL Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS proxy.
+ To enable SOCKS proxy, specify a proper
+ scheme. For example
+ socks5://127.0.0.1:1080/. Pass in an empty
+ string (--proxy "") for direct connection
--socket-timeout SECONDS Time to wait before giving up, in seconds
--source-address IP Client-side IP address to bind to
- (experimental)
-4, --force-ipv4 Make all connections via IPv4
- (experimental)
-6, --force-ipv6 Make all connections via IPv6
- (experimental)
- --cn-verification-proxy URL Use this proxy to verify the IP address for
- some Chinese sites. The default proxy
- specified by --proxy (or none, if the
- options is not present) is used for the
- actual downloading. (experimental)
+
+
+Geo Restriction:
+
+ --geo-verification-proxy URL Use this proxy to verify the IP address for
+ some geo-restricted sites. The default
+ proxy specified by --proxy (or none, if the
+ option is not present) is used for the
+ actual downloading.
+ --geo-bypass Bypass geographic restriction via faking
+ X-Forwarded-For HTTP header
+ --no-geo-bypass Do not bypass geographic restriction via
+ faking X-Forwarded-For HTTP header
+ --geo-bypass-country CODE Force bypass geographic restriction with
+ explicitly provided two-letter ISO 3166-2
+ country code
+ --geo-bypass-ip-block IP_BLOCK Force bypass geographic restriction with
+ explicitly provided IP block in CIDR
+ notation
Video Selection:
COUNT views
--max-views COUNT Do not download any videos with more than
COUNT views
- --match-filter FILTER Generic video filter (experimental).
- Specify any key (see help for -o for a list
- of available keys) to match if the key is
+ --match-filter FILTER Generic video filter. Specify any key (see
+ the "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for a list of
+ available keys) to match if the key is
present, !key to check if the key is not
- present,key > NUMBER (like "comment_count >
- 12", also works with >=, <, <=, !=, =) to
- compare against a number, and & to require
- multiple matches. Values which are not
- known are excluded unless you put a
- question mark (?) after the operator.For
- example, to only match videos that have
+ present, key > NUMBER (like "comment_count
+ > 12", also works with >=, <, <=, !=, =) to
+ compare against a number, key = 'LITERAL'
+ (like "uploader = 'Mike Smith'", also works
+ with !=) to match against a string literal
+ and & to require multiple matches. Values
+ which are not known are excluded unless you
+ put a question mark (?) after the operator.
+ For example, to only match videos that have
been liked more than 100 times and disliked
less than 50 times (or the dislike
functionality is not available at the given
Download Options:
- -r, --rate-limit LIMIT Maximum download rate in bytes per second
+ -r, --limit-rate RATE Maximum download rate in bytes per second
(e.g. 50K or 4.2M)
-R, --retries RETRIES Number of retries (default is 10), or
"infinite".
+ --fragment-retries RETRIES Number of retries for a fragment (default
+ is 10), or "infinite" (DASH, hlsnative and
+ ISM)
+ --skip-unavailable-fragments Skip unavailable fragments (DASH, hlsnative
+ and ISM)
+ --abort-on-unavailable-fragment Abort downloading when some fragment is not
+ available
+ --keep-fragments Keep downloaded fragments on disk after
+ downloading is finished; fragments are
+ erased by default
--buffer-size SIZE Size of download buffer (e.g. 1024 or 16K)
(default is 1024)
--no-resize-buffer Do not automatically adjust the buffer
size. By default, the buffer size is
automatically resized from an initial value
of SIZE.
+ --http-chunk-size SIZE Size of a chunk for chunk-based HTTP
+ downloading (e.g. 10485760 or 10M) (default
+ is disabled). May be useful for bypassing
+ bandwidth throttling imposed by a webserver
+ (experimental)
--playlist-reverse Download playlist videos in reverse order
+ --playlist-random Download playlist videos in random order
--xattr-set-filesize Set file xattribute ytdl.filesize with
- expected filesize (experimental)
+ expected file size
--hls-prefer-native Use the native HLS downloader instead of
- ffmpeg (experimental)
+ ffmpeg
+ --hls-prefer-ffmpeg Use ffmpeg instead of the native HLS
+ downloader
+ --hls-use-mpegts Use the mpegts container for HLS videos,
+ allowing to play the video while
+ downloading (some players may not be able
+ to play it)
--external-downloader COMMAND Use the specified external downloader.
Currently supports
- aria2c,axel,curl,httpie,wget
+ aria2c,avconv,axel,curl,ffmpeg,httpie,wget
--external-downloader-args ARGS Give these arguments to the external
downloader
Filesystem Options:
-a, --batch-file FILE File containing URLs to download ('-' for
- stdin)
+ stdin), one URL per line. Lines starting
+ with '#', ';' or ']' are considered as
+ comments and ignored.
--id Use only video ID in file name
- -o, --output TEMPLATE Output filename template. Use %(title)s to
- get the title, %(uploader)s for the
- uploader name, %(uploader_id)s for the
- uploader nickname if different,
- %(autonumber)s to get an automatically
- incremented number, %(ext)s for the
- filename extension, %(format)s for the
- format description (like "22 - 1280x720" or
- "HD"), %(format_id)s for the unique id of
- the format (like YouTube's itags: "137"),
- %(upload_date)s for the upload date
- (YYYYMMDD), %(extractor)s for the provider
- (youtube, metacafe, etc), %(id)s for the
- video id, %(playlist_title)s,
- %(playlist_id)s, or %(playlist)s (=title if
- present, ID otherwise) for the playlist the
- video is in, %(playlist_index)s for the
- position in the playlist. %(height)s and
- %(width)s for the width and height of the
- video format. %(resolution)s for a textual
- description of the resolution of the video
- format. %% for a literal percent. Use - to
- output to stdout. Can also be used to
- download to a different directory, for
- example with -o '/my/downloads/%(uploader)s
- /%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s' .
- --autonumber-size NUMBER Specify the number of digits in
- %(autonumber)s when it is present in output
- filename template or --auto-number option
- is given
+ -o, --output TEMPLATE Output filename template, see the "OUTPUT
+ TEMPLATE" for all the info
+ --autonumber-start NUMBER Specify the start value for %(autonumber)s
+ (default is 1)
--restrict-filenames Restrict filenames to only ASCII
characters, and avoid "&" and spaces in
filenames
- -A, --auto-number [deprecated; use -o
- "%(autonumber)s-%(title)s.%(ext)s" ] Number
- downloaded files starting from 00000
- -t, --title [deprecated] Use title in file name
- (default)
- -l, --literal [deprecated] Alias of --title
-w, --no-overwrites Do not overwrite files
-c, --continue Force resume of partially downloaded files.
By default, youtube-dl will resume
--write-info-json Write video metadata to a .info.json file
--write-annotations Write video annotations to a
.annotations.xml file
- --load-info FILE JSON file containing the video information
+ --load-info-json FILE JSON file containing the video information
(created with the "--write-info-json"
option)
--cookies FILE File to read cookies from and dump cookie
jar in
--cache-dir DIR Location in the filesystem where youtube-dl
can store some downloaded information
- permanently. By default $XDG_CACHE_HOME
- /youtube-dl or ~/.cache/youtube-dl . At the
- moment, only YouTube player files (for
- videos with obfuscated signatures) are
- cached, but that may change.
+ permanently. By default
+ $XDG_CACHE_HOME/youtube-dl or
+ ~/.cache/youtube-dl . At the moment, only
+ YouTube player files (for videos with
+ obfuscated signatures) are cached, but that
+ may change.
--no-cache-dir Disable filesystem caching
--rm-cache-dir Delete all filesystem cache files
--get-filename Simulate, quiet but print output filename
--get-format Simulate, quiet but print output format
-j, --dump-json Simulate, quiet but print JSON information.
- See --output for a description of available
- keys.
+ See the "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for a description
+ of available keys.
-J, --dump-single-json Simulate, quiet but print JSON information
for each command-line argument. If the URL
refers to a playlist, dump the whole
bidirectional text support. Requires bidiv
or fribidi executable in PATH
--sleep-interval SECONDS Number of seconds to sleep before each
- download.
+ download when used alone or a lower bound
+ of a range for randomized sleep before each
+ download (minimum possible number of
+ seconds to sleep) when used along with
+ --max-sleep-interval.
+ --max-sleep-interval SECONDS Upper bound of a range for randomized sleep
+ before each download (maximum possible
+ number of seconds to sleep). Must only be
+ used along with --min-sleep-interval.
Video Format Options:
--all-formats Download all available video formats
--prefer-free-formats Prefer free video formats unless a specific
one is requested
- -F, --list-formats List all available formats
+ -F, --list-formats List all available formats of requested
+ videos
--youtube-skip-dash-manifest Do not download the DASH manifests and
related data on YouTube videos
--merge-output-format FORMAT If a merge is required (e.g.
Subtitle Options:
--write-sub Write subtitle file
- --write-auto-sub Write automatic subtitle file (YouTube
- only)
+ --write-auto-sub Write automatically generated subtitle file
+ (YouTube only)
--all-subs Download all the available subtitles of the
video
--list-subs List all available subtitles for the video
preference, for example: "srt" or
"ass/srt/best"
--sub-lang LANGS Languages of the subtitles to download
- (optional) separated by commas, use IETF
- language tags like 'en,pt'
+ (optional) separated by commas, use --list-
+ subs for available language tags
Authentication Options:
-u, --username USERNAME Login with this account ID
-p, --password PASSWORD Account password. If this option is left
out, youtube-dl will ask interactively.
- -2, --twofactor TWOFACTOR Two-factor auth code
+ -2, --twofactor TWOFACTOR Two-factor authentication code
-n, --netrc Use .netrc authentication data
--video-password PASSWORD Video password (vimeo, smotri, youku)
+Adobe Pass Options:
+
+ --ap-mso MSO Adobe Pass multiple-system operator (TV
+ provider) identifier, use --ap-list-mso for
+ a list of available MSOs
+ --ap-username USERNAME Multiple-system operator account login
+ --ap-password PASSWORD Multiple-system operator account password.
+ If this option is left out, youtube-dl will
+ ask interactively.
+ --ap-list-mso List all supported multiple-system
+ operators
+
+
Post-processing Options:
-x, --extract-audio Convert video files to audio-only files
(requires ffmpeg or avconv and ffprobe or
avprobe)
--audio-format FORMAT Specify audio format: "best", "aac",
- "vorbis", "mp3", "m4a", "opus", or "wav";
- "best" by default
+ "flac", "mp3", "m4a", "opus", "vorbis", or
+ "wav"; "best" by default; No effect without
+ -x
--audio-quality QUALITY Specify ffmpeg/avconv audio quality, insert
a value between 0 (better) and 9 (worse)
for VBR or a specific bitrate like 128K
--no-post-overwrites Do not overwrite post-processed files; the
post-processed files are overwritten by
default
- --embed-subs Embed subtitles in the video (only for mkv
- and mp4 videos)
+ --embed-subs Embed subtitles in the video (only for mp4,
+ webm and mkv videos)
--embed-thumbnail Embed thumbnail in the audio as cover art
--add-metadata Write metadata to the video file
--metadata-from-title FORMAT Parse additional metadata like song title /
artist from the video title. The format
- syntax is the same as --output, the parsed
- parameters replace existing values.
- Additional templates: %(album)s,
- %(artist)s. Example: --metadata-from-title
- "%(artist)s - %(title)s" matches a title
- like "Coldplay - Paradise"
+ syntax is the same as --output. Regular
+ expression with named capture groups may
+ also be used. The parsed parameters replace
+ existing values. Example: --metadata-from-
+ title "%(artist)s - %(title)s" matches a
+ title like "Coldplay - Paradise". Example
+ (regex): --metadata-from-title
+ "(?P<artist>.+?) - (?P<title>.+)"
--xattrs Write metadata to the video file's xattrs
(using dublin core and xdg standards)
--fixup POLICY Automatically correct known faults of the
default; fix file if we can, warn
otherwise)
--prefer-avconv Prefer avconv over ffmpeg for running the
- postprocessors (default)
- --prefer-ffmpeg Prefer ffmpeg over avconv for running the
postprocessors
+ --prefer-ffmpeg Prefer ffmpeg over avconv for running the
+ postprocessors (default)
--ffmpeg-location PATH Location of the ffmpeg/avconv binary;
either the path to the binary or its
containing directory.
--exec CMD Execute a command on the file after
- downloading, similar to find's -exec
- syntax. Example: --exec 'adb push {}
- /sdcard/Music/ && rm {}'
- --convert-subtitles FORMAT Convert the subtitles to other format
- (currently supported: srt|ass|vtt)
+ downloading and post-processing, similar to
+ find's -exec syntax. Example: --exec 'adb
+ push {} /sdcard/Music/ && rm {}'
+ --convert-subs FORMAT Convert the subtitles to other format
+ (currently supported: srt|ass|vtt|lrc)
You can configure youtube-dl by placing any supported command line
-option to a configuration file. On Linux, the system wide configuration
-file is located at /etc/youtube-dl.conf and the user wide configuration
-file at ~/.config/youtube-dl/config. On Windows, the user wide
-configuration file locations are %APPDATA%\youtube-dl\config.txt or
-C:\Users\<user name>\youtube-dl.conf. For example, with the following
-configuration file youtube-dl will always extract the audio, not copy
-the mtime and use a proxy:
-
- --extract-audio
+option to a configuration file. On Linux and macOS, the system wide
+configuration file is located at /etc/youtube-dl.conf and the user wide
+configuration file at ~/.config/youtube-dl/config. On Windows, the user
+wide configuration file locations are %APPDATA%\youtube-dl\config.txt or
+C:\Users\<user name>\youtube-dl.conf. Note that by default configuration
+file may not exist so you may need to create it yourself.
+
+For example, with the following configuration file youtube-dl will
+always extract the audio, not copy the mtime, use a proxy and save all
+videos under Movies directory in your home directory:
+
+ # Lines starting with # are comments
+
+ # Always extract audio
+ -x
+
+ # Do not copy the mtime
--no-mtime
+
+ # Use this proxy
--proxy 127.0.0.1:3128
+ # Save all videos under Movies directory in your home directory
+ -o ~/Movies/%(title)s.%(ext)s
+
+Note that options in configuration file are just the same options aka
+switches used in regular command line calls thus there MUST BE NO
+WHITESPACE after - or --, e.g. -o or --proxy but not - o or -- proxy.
+
You can use --ignore-config if you want to disable the configuration
file for a particular youtube-dl run.
+You can also use --config-location if you want to use custom
+configuration file for a particular youtube-dl run.
+
Authentication with .netrc file
You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for
with --username and --password) in order not to pass credentials as
command line arguments on every youtube-dl execution and prevent
tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can
-achieve this using a .netrc file on per extractor basis. For that you
-will need to create a.netrc file in your $HOME and restrict permissions
-to read/write by you only:
+achieve this using a .netrc file on a per extractor basis. For that you
+will need to create a .netrc file in your $HOME and restrict permissions
+to read/write by only you:
touch $HOME/.netrc
chmod a-rwx,u+rw $HOME/.netrc
-After that you can add credentials for extractor in the following
-format, where _extractor_ is the name of extractor in lowercase:
+After that you can add credentials for an extractor in the following
+format, where _extractor_ is the name of the extractor in lowercase:
machine <extractor> login <login> password <password>
to youtube-dl or place it in the configuration file.
On Windows you may also need to setup the %HOME% environment variable
-manually.
+manually. For example:
+
+ set HOME=%USERPROFILE%
The -o option allows users to indicate a template for the output file
-names. The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when
-downloading a single file, like in
-youtube-dl -o funny_video.flv "http://some/video". However, it may
-contain special sequences that will be replaced when downloading each
-video. The special sequences have the format %(NAME)s. To clarify, that
-is a percent symbol followed by a name in parentheses, followed by a
-lowercase S. Allowed names are:
-
-- id: The sequence will be replaced by the video identifier.
-- url: The sequence will be replaced by the video URL.
-- uploader: The sequence will be replaced by the nickname of the
- person who uploaded the video.
-- upload_date: The sequence will be replaced by the upload date in
- YYYYMMDD format.
-- title: The sequence will be replaced by the video title.
-- ext: The sequence will be replaced by the appropriate extension
- (like flv or mp4).
-- epoch: The sequence will be replaced by the Unix epoch when creating
- the file.
-- autonumber: The sequence will be replaced by a five-digit number
- that will be increased with each download, starting at zero.
-- playlist: The sequence will be replaced by the name or the id of the
- playlist that contains the video.
-- playlist_index: The sequence will be replaced by the index of the
- video in the playlist padded with leading zeros according to the
- total length of the playlist.
-- format_id: The sequence will be replaced by the format code
- specified by --format.
-- duration: The sequence will be replaced by the length of the video
- in seconds.
+names.
+
+TL;DR: navigate me to examples.
+
+The basic usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a
+single file, like in youtube-dl -o funny_video.flv "https://some/video".
+However, it may contain special sequences that will be replaced when
+downloading each video. The special sequences may be formatted according
+to python string formatting operations. For example, %(NAME)s or
+%(NAME)05d. To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in
+parentheses, followed by formatting operations. Allowed names along with
+sequence type are:
+
+- id (string): Video identifier
+- title (string): Video title
+- url (string): Video URL
+- ext (string): Video filename extension
+- alt_title (string): A secondary title of the video
+- display_id (string): An alternative identifier for the video
+- uploader (string): Full name of the video uploader
+- license (string): License name the video is licensed under
+- creator (string): The creator of the video
+- release_date (string): The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was
+ released
+- timestamp (numeric): UNIX timestamp of the moment the video became
+ available
+- upload_date (string): Video upload date (YYYYMMDD)
+- uploader_id (string): Nickname or id of the video uploader
+- channel (string): Full name of the channel the video is uploaded on
+- channel_id (string): Id of the channel
+- location (string): Physical location where the video was filmed
+- duration (numeric): Length of the video in seconds
+- view_count (numeric): How many users have watched the video on the
+ platform
+- like_count (numeric): Number of positive ratings of the video
+- dislike_count (numeric): Number of negative ratings of the video
+- repost_count (numeric): Number of reposts of the video
+- average_rating (numeric): Average rating give by users, the scale
+ used depends on the webpage
+- comment_count (numeric): Number of comments on the video
+- age_limit (numeric): Age restriction for the video (years)
+- is_live (boolean): Whether this video is a live stream or a
+ fixed-length video
+- start_time (numeric): Time in seconds where the reproduction should
+ start, as specified in the URL
+- end_time (numeric): Time in seconds where the reproduction should
+ end, as specified in the URL
+- format (string): A human-readable description of the format
+- format_id (string): Format code specified by --format
+- format_note (string): Additional info about the format
+- width (numeric): Width of the video
+- height (numeric): Height of the video
+- resolution (string): Textual description of width and height
+- tbr (numeric): Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s
+- abr (numeric): Average audio bitrate in KBit/s
+- acodec (string): Name of the audio codec in use
+- asr (numeric): Audio sampling rate in Hertz
+- vbr (numeric): Average video bitrate in KBit/s
+- fps (numeric): Frame rate
+- vcodec (string): Name of the video codec in use
+- container (string): Name of the container format
+- filesize (numeric): The number of bytes, if known in advance
+- filesize_approx (numeric): An estimate for the number of bytes
+- protocol (string): The protocol that will be used for the actual
+ download
+- extractor (string): Name of the extractor
+- extractor_key (string): Key name of the extractor
+- epoch (numeric): Unix epoch when creating the file
+- autonumber (numeric): Five-digit number that will be increased with
+ each download, starting at zero
+- playlist (string): Name or id of the playlist that contains the
+ video
+- playlist_index (numeric): Index of the video in the playlist padded
+ with leading zeros according to the total length of the playlist
+- playlist_id (string): Playlist identifier
+- playlist_title (string): Playlist title
+- playlist_uploader (string): Full name of the playlist uploader
+- playlist_uploader_id (string): Nickname or id of the playlist
+ uploader
+
+Available for the video that belongs to some logical chapter or section:
+
+- chapter (string): Name or title of the chapter the video belongs to
+- chapter_number (numeric): Number of the chapter the video belongs to
+- chapter_id (string): Id of the chapter the video belongs to
+
+Available for the video that is an episode of some series or programme:
+
+- series (string): Title of the series or programme the video episode
+ belongs to
+- season (string): Title of the season the video episode belongs to
+- season_number (numeric): Number of the season the video episode
+ belongs to
+- season_id (string): Id of the season the video episode belongs to
+- episode (string): Title of the video episode
+- episode_number (numeric): Number of the video episode within a
+ season
+- episode_id (string): Id of the video episode
+
+Available for the media that is a track or a part of a music album:
+
+- track (string): Title of the track
+- track_number (numeric): Number of the track within an album or a
+ disc
+- track_id (string): Id of the track
+- artist (string): Artist(s) of the track
+- genre (string): Genre(s) of the track
+- album (string): Title of the album the track belongs to
+- album_type (string): Type of the album
+- album_artist (string): List of all artists appeared on the album
+- disc_number (numeric): Number of the disc or other physical medium
+ the track belongs to
+- release_year (numeric): Year (YYYY) when the album was released
+
+Each aforementioned sequence when referenced in an output template will
+be replaced by the actual value corresponding to the sequence name. Note
+that some of the sequences are not guaranteed to be present since they
+depend on the metadata obtained by a particular extractor. Such
+sequences will be replaced with NA.
+
+For example for -o %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s and an mp4 video with title
+youtube-dl test video and id BaW_jenozKcj, this will result in a
+youtube-dl test video-BaW_jenozKcj.mp4 file created in the current
+directory.
+
+For numeric sequences you can use numeric related formatting, for
+example, %(view_count)05d will result in a string with view count padded
+with zeros up to 5 characters, like in 00042.
+
+Output templates can also contain arbitrary hierarchical path, e.g.
+-o '%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s' which will
+result in downloading each video in a directory corresponding to this
+path template. Any missing directory will be automatically created for
+you.
+
+To use percent literals in an output template use %%. To output to
+stdout use -o -.
The current default template is %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s.
or the filename through an 8bit-unsafe channel. In these cases, add the
--restrict-filenames flag to get a shorter title:
-``` {.bash}
-$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc
-youtube-dl test video ''_Ƥāš.mp4 # All kinds of weird characters
-$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc --restrict-filenames
-youtube-dl_test_video_.mp4 # A simple file name
-```
+Output template and Windows batch files
+
+If you are using an output template inside a Windows batch file then you
+must escape plain percent characters (%) by doubling, so that
+-o "%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s" should become
+-o "%%(title)s-%%(id)s.%%(ext)s". However you should not touch %'s that
+are not plain characters, e.g. environment variables for expansion
+should stay intact: -o "C:\%HOMEPATH%\Desktop\%%(title)s.%%(ext)s".
+
+Output template examples
+
+Note that on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of
+single.
+
+ $ youtube-dl --get-filename -o '%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc
+ youtube-dl test video ''_Ƥāš.mp4 # All kinds of weird characters
+
+ $ youtube-dl --get-filename -o '%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc --restrict-filenames
+ youtube-dl_test_video_.mp4 # A simple file name
+
+ # Download YouTube playlist videos in separate directory indexed by video order in a playlist
+ $ youtube-dl -o '%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re
+
+ # Download all playlists of YouTube channel/user keeping each playlist in separate directory:
+ $ youtube-dl -o '%(uploader)s/%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation/playlists
+
+ # Download Udemy course keeping each chapter in separate directory under MyVideos directory in your home
+ $ youtube-dl -u user -p password -o '~/MyVideos/%(playlist)s/%(chapter_number)s - %(chapter)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.udemy.com/java-tutorial/
+
+ # Download entire series season keeping each series and each season in separate directory under C:/MyVideos
+ $ youtube-dl -o "C:/MyVideos/%(series)s/%(season_number)s - %(season)s/%(episode_number)s - %(episode)s.%(ext)s" https://videomore.ru/kino_v_detalayah/5_sezon/367617
+
+ # Stream the video being downloaded to stdout
+ $ youtube-dl -o - BaW_jenozKc
FORMAT SELECTION
-By default youtube-dl tries to download the best quality, but sometimes
-you may want to download in a different format. The simplest case is
-requesting a specific format, for example -f 22. You can get the list of
-available formats using --list-formats, you can also use a file
-extension (currently it supports aac, m4a, mp3, mp4, ogg, wav, webm) or
-the special names best, bestvideo, bestaudio and worst.
+By default youtube-dl tries to download the best available quality, i.e.
+if you want the best quality you DON'T NEED to pass any special options,
+youtube-dl will guess it for you by DEFAULT.
+
+But sometimes you may want to download in a different format, for
+example when you are on a slow or intermittent connection. The key
+mechanism for achieving this is so-called _format selection_ based on
+which you can explicitly specify desired format, select formats based on
+some criterion or criteria, setup precedence and much more.
+
+The general syntax for format selection is --format FORMAT or shorter
+-f FORMAT where FORMAT is a _selector expression_, i.e. an expression
+that describes format or formats you would like to download.
+
+TL;DR: navigate me to examples.
+
+The simplest case is requesting a specific format, for example with
+-f 22 you can download the format with format code equal to 22. You can
+get the list of available format codes for particular video using
+--list-formats or -F. Note that these format codes are extractor
+specific.
+
+You can also use a file extension (currently 3gp, aac, flv, m4a, mp3,
+mp4, ogg, wav, webm are supported) to download the best quality format
+of a particular file extension served as a single file, e.g. -f webm
+will download the best quality format with the webm extension served as
+a single file.
+
+You can also use special names to select particular edge case formats:
+
+- best: Select the best quality format represented by a single file
+ with video and audio.
+- worst: Select the worst quality format represented by a single file
+ with video and audio.
+- bestvideo: Select the best quality video-only format (e.g. DASH
+ video). May not be available.
+- worstvideo: Select the worst quality video-only format. May not be
+ available.
+- bestaudio: Select the best quality audio only-format. May not be
+ available.
+- worstaudio: Select the worst quality audio only-format. May not be
+ available.
+
+For example, to download the worst quality video-only format you can use
+-f worstvideo.
If you want to download multiple videos and they don't have the same
formats available, you can specify the order of preference using
-slashes, as in -f 22/17/18. You can also filter the video results by
-putting a condition in brackets, as in -f "best[height=720]" (or
--f "[filesize>10M]"). This works for filesize, height, width, tbr, abr,
-vbr, asr, and fps and the comparisons <, <=, >, >=, =, != and for ext,
-acodec, vcodec, container, and protocol and the comparisons =, != .
+slashes. Note that slash is left-associative, i.e. formats on the left
+hand side are preferred, for example -f 22/17/18 will download format 22
+if it's available, otherwise it will download format 17 if it's
+available, otherwise it will download format 18 if it's available,
+otherwise it will complain that no suitable formats are available for
+download.
+
+If you want to download several formats of the same video use a comma as
+a separator, e.g. -f 22,17,18 will download all these three formats, of
+course if they are available. Or a more sophisticated example combined
+with the precedence feature: -f 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio.
+
+You can also filter the video formats by putting a condition in
+brackets, as in -f "best[height=720]" (or -f "[filesize>10M]").
+
+The following numeric meta fields can be used with comparisons <, <=, >,
+>=, = (equals), != (not equals):
+
+- filesize: The number of bytes, if known in advance
+- width: Width of the video, if known
+- height: Height of the video, if known
+- tbr: Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s
+- abr: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s
+- vbr: Average video bitrate in KBit/s
+- asr: Audio sampling rate in Hertz
+- fps: Frame rate
+
+Also filtering work for comparisons = (equals), ^= (starts with), $=
+(ends with), *= (contains) and following string meta fields:
+
+- ext: File extension
+- acodec: Name of the audio codec in use
+- vcodec: Name of the video codec in use
+- container: Name of the container format
+- protocol: The protocol that will be used for the actual download,
+ lower-case (http, https, rtsp, rtmp, rtmpe, mms, f4m, ism,
+ http_dash_segments, m3u8, or m3u8_native)
+- format_id: A short description of the format
+
+Any string comparison may be prefixed with negation ! in order to
+produce an opposite comparison, e.g. !*= (does not contain).
+
+Note that none of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be
+present since this solely depends on the metadata obtained by particular
+extractor, i.e. the metadata offered by the video hoster.
+
Formats for which the value is not known are excluded unless you put a
question mark (?) after the operator. You can combine format filters, so
-f "[height <=? 720][tbr>500]" selects up to 720p videos (or videos
where the height is not known) with a bitrate of at least 500 KBit/s.
-Use commas to download multiple formats, such as
--f 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio. You can merge the video and
-audio of two formats into a single file using
--f <video-format>+<audio-format> (requires ffmpeg or avconv), for
-example -f bestvideo+bestaudio. Format selectors can also be grouped
-using parentheses, for example if you want to download the best mp4 and
-webm formats with a height lower than 480 you can use
--f '(mp4,webm)[height<480]'.
-
-Since the end of April 2015 and version 2015.04.26 youtube-dl uses
--f bestvideo+bestaudio/best as default format selection (see #5447,
+
+You can merge the video and audio of two formats into a single file
+using -f <video-format>+<audio-format> (requires ffmpeg or avconv
+installed), for example -f bestvideo+bestaudio will download the best
+video-only format, the best audio-only format and mux them together with
+ffmpeg/avconv.
+
+Format selectors can also be grouped using parentheses, for example if
+you want to download the best mp4 and webm formats with a height lower
+than 480 you can use -f '(mp4,webm)[height<480]'.
+
+Since the end of April 2015 and version 2015.04.26, youtube-dl uses
+-f bestvideo+bestaudio/best as the default format selection (see #5447,
#5456). If ffmpeg or avconv are installed this results in downloading
bestvideo and bestaudio separately and muxing them together into a
single file giving the best overall quality available. Otherwise it
falls back to best and results in downloading the best available quality
served as a single file. best is also needed for videos that don't come
from YouTube because they don't provide the audio and video in two
-different files. If you want to only download some dash formats (for
+different files. If you want to only download some DASH formats (for
example if you are not interested in getting videos with a resolution
higher than 1080p), you can add
-f bestvideo[height<=?1080]+bestaudio/best to your configuration file.
your choice with -f best. You may want to add it to the configuration
file in order not to type it every time you run youtube-dl.
+Format selection examples
+
+Note that on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of
+single.
+
+ # Download best mp4 format available or any other best if no mp4 available
+ $ youtube-dl -f 'bestvideo[ext=mp4]+bestaudio[ext=m4a]/best[ext=mp4]/best'
+
+ # Download best format available but no better than 480p
+ $ youtube-dl -f 'bestvideo[height<=480]+bestaudio/best[height<=480]'
+
+ # Download best video only format but no bigger than 50 MB
+ $ youtube-dl -f 'best[filesize<50M]'
+
+ # Download best format available via direct link over HTTP/HTTPS protocol
+ $ youtube-dl -f '(bestvideo+bestaudio/best)[protocol^=http]'
+
+ # Download the best video format and the best audio format without merging them
+ $ youtube-dl -f 'bestvideo,bestaudio' -o '%(title)s.f%(format_id)s.%(ext)s'
+
+Note that in the last example, an output template is recommended as
+bestvideo and bestaudio may have the same file name.
+
VIDEO SELECTION
Examples:
-``` {.bash}
-# Download only the videos uploaded in the last 6 months
-$ youtube-dl --dateafter now-6months
+ # Download only the videos uploaded in the last 6 months
+ $ youtube-dl --dateafter now-6months
-# Download only the videos uploaded on January 1, 1970
-$ youtube-dl --date 19700101
+ # Download only the videos uploaded on January 1, 1970
+ $ youtube-dl --date 19700101
-$ # Download only the videos uploaded in the 200x decade
-$ youtube-dl --dateafter 20000101 --datebefore 20091231
-```
+ $ # Download only the videos uploaded in the 200x decade
+ $ youtube-dl --dateafter 20000101 --datebefore 20091231
or _yum_, use the standard system update mechanism to update. Note that
distribution packages are often outdated. As a rule of thumb, youtube-dl
releases at least once a month, and often weekly or even daily. Simply
-go to http://yt-dl.org/ to find out the current version. Unfortunately,
+go to https://yt-dl.org to find out the current version. Unfortunately,
there is nothing we youtube-dl developers can do if your distribution
serves a really outdated version. You can (and should) complain to your
distribution in their bugtracker or support forum.
Afterwards, simply follow our manual installation instructions:
- sudo wget https://yt-dl.org/latest/youtube-dl -O /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
- sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
+ sudo wget https://yt-dl.org/downloads/latest/youtube-dl -O /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
+ sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
hash -r
Again, from then on you'll be able to update with sudo youtube-dl -U.
+youtube-dl is extremely slow to start on Windows
+
+Add a file exclusion for youtube-dl.exe in Windows Defender settings.
+
I'm getting an error Unable to extract OpenGraph title on YouTube playlists
YouTube changed their playlist format in March 2014 and later on, so
or a tarball, please use that to update. Note that Ubuntu packages do
not seem to get updated anymore. Since we are not affiliated with
Ubuntu, there is little we can do. Feel free to report bugs to the
-Ubuntu packaging guys - all they have to do is update the package to a
+Ubuntu packaging people - all they have to do is update the package to a
somewhat recent version. See above for a way to update.
+I'm getting an error when trying to use output template: error: using output template conflicts with using title, video ID or auto number
+
+Make sure you are not using -o with any of these options -t, --title,
+--id, -A or --auto-number set in command line or in a configuration
+file. Remove the latter if any.
+
Do I always have to pass -citw?
By default, youtube-dl intends to have the best options (incidentally,
Apparently YouTube requires you to pass a CAPTCHA test if you download
too much. We're considering to provide a way to let you solve the
-CAPTCHA, but at the moment, your best course of action is pointing a
-webbrowser to the youtube URL, solving the CAPTCHA, and restart
-youtube-dl.
+CAPTCHA, but at the moment, your best course of action is pointing a web
+browser to the youtube URL, solving the CAPTCHA, and restart youtube-dl.
+
+Do I need any other programs?
+
+youtube-dl works fine on its own on most sites. However, if you want to
+convert video/audio, you'll need avconv or ffmpeg. On some sites - most
+notably YouTube - videos can be retrieved in a higher quality format
+without sound. youtube-dl will detect whether avconv/ffmpeg is present
+and automatically pick the best option.
+
+Videos or video formats streamed via RTMP protocol can only be
+downloaded when rtmpdump is installed. Downloading MMS and RTSP videos
+requires either mplayer or mpv to be installed.
I have downloaded a video but how can I play it?
-Once the video is fully downloaded, use any video player, such as vlc or
-mplayer.
+Once the video is fully downloaded, use any video player, such as mpv,
+vlc or mplayer.
-I extracted a video URL with -g, but it does not play on another machine / in my webbrowser.
+I extracted a video URL with -g, but it does not play on another machine / in my web browser.
It depends a lot on the service. In many cases, requests for the video
(to download/play it) must come from the same IP address and with the
-same cookies. Use the --cookies option to write the required cookies
-into a file, and advise your downloader to read cookies from that file.
-Some sites also require a common user agent to be used, use
---dump-user-agent to see the one in use by youtube-dl.
+same cookies and/or HTTP headers. Use the --cookies option to write the
+required cookies into a file, and advise your downloader to read cookies
+from that file. Some sites also require a common user agent to be used,
+use --dump-user-agent to see the one in use by youtube-dl. You can also
+get necessary cookies and HTTP headers from JSON output obtained with
+--dump-json.
It may be beneficial to use IPv6; in some cases, the restrictions are
only applied to IPv4. Some services (sometimes only for a subset of
HTTP Error 429: Too Many Requests or 402: Payment Required
These two error codes indicate that the service is blocking your IP
-address because of overuse. Contact the service and ask them to unblock
-your IP address, or - if you have acquired a whitelisted IP address
-already - use the --proxy or --source-address options to select another
-IP address.
+address because of overuse. Usually this is a soft block meaning that
+you can gain access again after solving CAPTCHA. Just open a browser and
+solve a CAPTCHA the service suggests you and after that pass cookies to
+youtube-dl. Note that if your machine has multiple external IPs then you
+should also pass exactly the same IP you've used for solving CAPTCHA
+with --source-address. Also you may need to pass a User-Agent HTTP
+header of your browser with --user-agent.
+
+If this is not the case (no CAPTCHA suggested to solve by the service)
+then you can contact the service and ask them to unblock your IP
+address, or - if you have acquired a whitelisted IP address already -
+use the --proxy or --source-address options to select another IP
+address.
SyntaxError: Non-ASCII character
the code, you can run it by executing the __main__.py file. To recompile
the executable, run make youtube-dl.
-The exe throws a _Runtime error from Visual C++_
+The exe throws an error due to missing MSVCR100.dll
-To run the exe you need to install first the Microsoft Visual C++ 2008
-Redistributable Package.
+To run the exe you need to install first the Microsoft Visual C++ 2010
+Redistributable Package (x86).
On Windows, how should I set up ffmpeg and youtube-dl? Where should I put the exe files?
-o "/home/user/videos/%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s". If you want this for
all of your downloads, put the option into your configuration file.
-How do I download a video starting with a - ?
+How do I download a video starting with a -?
-Either prepend http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= or separate the ID from
+Either prepend https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= or separate the ID from
the options with --:
youtube-dl -- -wNyEUrxzFU
- youtube-dl "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wNyEUrxzFU"
+ youtube-dl "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wNyEUrxzFU"
How do I pass cookies to youtube-dl?
Use the --cookies option, for example
---cookies /path/to/cookies/file.txt. Note that the cookies file must be
-in Mozilla/Netscape format and the first line of the cookies file must
-be either # HTTP Cookie File or # Netscape HTTP Cookie File. Make sure
-you have correct newline format in the cookies file and convert newlines
-if necessary to correspond with your OS, namely CRLF (\r\n) for Windows,
-LF (\n) for Linux and CR (\r) for Mac OS. HTTP Error 400: Bad Request
-when using --cookies is a good sign of invalid newline format.
+--cookies /path/to/cookies/file.txt.
+
+In order to extract cookies from browser use any conforming browser
+extension for exporting cookies. For example, cookies.txt (for Chrome)
+or cookies.txt (for Firefox).
+
+Note that the cookies file must be in Mozilla/Netscape format and the
+first line of the cookies file must be either # HTTP Cookie File or
+# Netscape HTTP Cookie File. Make sure you have correct newline format
+in the cookies file and convert newlines if necessary to correspond with
+your OS, namely CRLF (\r\n) for Windows and LF (\n) for Unix and
+Unix-like systems (Linux, macOS, etc.). HTTP Error 400: Bad Request when
+using --cookies is a good sign of invalid newline format.
Passing cookies to youtube-dl is a good way to workaround login when a
-particular extractor does not implement it explicitly.
+particular extractor does not implement it explicitly. Another use case
+is working around CAPTCHA some websites require you to solve in
+particular cases in order to get access (e.g. YouTube, CloudFlare).
+
+How do I stream directly to media player?
+
+You will first need to tell youtube-dl to stream media to stdout with
+-o -, and also tell your media player to read from stdin (it must be
+capable of this for streaming) and then pipe former to latter. For
+example, streaming to vlc can be achieved with:
+
+ youtube-dl -o - "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKcj" | vlc -
+
+How do I download only new videos from a playlist?
+
+Use download-archive feature. With this feature you should initially
+download the complete playlist with
+--download-archive /path/to/download/archive/file.txt that will record
+identifiers of all the videos in a special file. Each subsequent run
+with the same --download-archive will download only new videos and skip
+all videos that have been downloaded before. Note that only successful
+downloads are recorded in the file.
+
+For example, at first,
+
+ youtube-dl --download-archive archive.txt "https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re"
+
+will download the complete PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re playlist
+and create a file archive.txt. Each subsequent run will only download
+new videos if any:
+
+ youtube-dl --download-archive archive.txt "https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re"
+
+Should I add --hls-prefer-native into my config?
+
+When youtube-dl detects an HLS video, it can download it either with the
+built-in downloader or ffmpeg. Since many HLS streams are slightly
+invalid and ffmpeg/youtube-dl each handle some invalid cases better than
+the other, there is an option to switch the downloader if needed.
+
+When youtube-dl knows that one particular downloader works better for a
+given website, that downloader will be picked. Otherwise, youtube-dl
+will pick the best downloader for general compatibility, which at the
+moment happens to be ffmpeg. This choice may change in future versions
+of youtube-dl, with improvements of the built-in downloader and/or
+ffmpeg.
+
+In particular, the generic extractor (used when your website is not in
+the list of supported sites by youtube-dl cannot mandate one specific
+downloader.
+
+If you put either --hls-prefer-native or --hls-prefer-ffmpeg into your
+configuration, a different subset of videos will fail to download
+correctly. Instead, it is much better to file an issue or a pull request
+which details why the native or the ffmpeg HLS downloader is a better
+choice for your use case.
Can you add support for this anime video site, or site which shows current movies for free?
For one, have a look at the list of supported sites. Note that it can
sometimes happen that the site changes its URL scheme (say, from
-http://example.com/video/1234567 to http://example.com/v/1234567 ) and
+https://example.com/video/1234567 to https://example.com/v/1234567 ) and
youtube-dl reports an URL of a service in that list as unsupported. In
that case, simply report a bug.
+WHY DO I NEED TO GO THROUGH THAT MUCH RED TAPE WHEN FILING BUGS?
+
+
+Before we had the issue template, despite our extensive bug reporting
+instructions, about 80% of the issue reports we got were useless, for
+instance because people used ancient versions hundreds of releases old,
+because of simple syntactic errors (not in youtube-dl but in general
+shell usage), because the problem was already reported multiple times
+before, because people did not actually read an error message, even if
+it said "please install ffmpeg", because people did not mention the URL
+they were trying to download and many more simple, easy-to-avoid
+problems, many of whom were totally unrelated to youtube-dl.
+
+youtube-dl is an open-source project manned by too few volunteers, so
+we'd rather spend time fixing bugs where we are certain none of those
+simple problems apply, and where we can be reasonably confident to be
+able to reproduce the issue without asking the reporter repeatedly. As
+such, the output of youtube-dl -v YOUR_URL_HERE is really all that's
+required to file an issue. The issue template also guides you through
+some basic steps you can do, such as checking that your version of
+youtube-dl is current.
+
+
+
DEVELOPER INSTRUCTIONS
python test/test_download.py
nosetests
+See item 6 of new extractor tutorial for how to run extractor specific
+test cases.
+
If you want to create a build of youtube-dl yourself, you'll need
- python
-- make
+- make (only GNU make is supported)
- pandoc
- zip
- nosetests
Adding support for a new site
-If you want to add support for a new site, you can follow this quick
-list (assuming your service is called yourextractor):
+If you want to add support for a new site, first of all MAKE SURE this
+site is NOT DEDICATED TO COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT. youtube-dl does NOT
+SUPPORT such sites thus pull requests adding support for them WILL BE
+REJECTED.
+
+After you have ensured this site is distributing its content legally,
+you can follow this quick list (assuming your service is called
+yourextractor):
1. Fork this repository
-2. Check out the source code with
- git clone git@github.com:YOUR_GITHUB_USERNAME/youtube-dl.git
+2. Check out the source code with:
+
+ git clone git@github.com:YOUR_GITHUB_USERNAME/youtube-dl.git
+
3. Start a new git branch with
- cd youtube-dl; git checkout -b yourextractor
+
+ cd youtube-dl
+ git checkout -b yourextractor
+
4. Start with this simple template and save it to
youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py:
- ``` {.python}
- # coding: utf-8
- from __future__ import unicode_literals
-
- from .common import InfoExtractor
-
-
- class YourExtractorIE(InfoExtractor):
- _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?yourextractor\.com/watch/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
- _TEST = {
- 'url': 'http://yourextractor.com/watch/42',
- 'md5': 'TODO: md5 sum of the first 10241 bytes of the video file (use --test)',
- 'info_dict': {
- 'id': '42',
- 'ext': 'mp4',
- 'title': 'Video title goes here',
- 'thumbnail': 're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
- # TODO more properties, either as:
- # * A value
- # * MD5 checksum; start the string with md5:
- # * A regular expression; start the string with re:
- # * Any Python type (for example int or float)
+ # coding: utf-8
+ from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+ from .common import InfoExtractor
+
+
+ class YourExtractorIE(InfoExtractor):
+ _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?yourextractor\.com/watch/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
+ _TEST = {
+ 'url': 'https://yourextractor.com/watch/42',
+ 'md5': 'TODO: md5 sum of the first 10241 bytes of the video file (use --test)',
+ 'info_dict': {
+ 'id': '42',
+ 'ext': 'mp4',
+ 'title': 'Video title goes here',
+ 'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
+ # TODO more properties, either as:
+ # * A value
+ # * MD5 checksum; start the string with md5:
+ # * A regular expression; start the string with re:
+ # * Any Python type (for example int or float)
+ }
}
- }
- def _real_extract(self, url):
- video_id = self._match_id(url)
- webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+ def _real_extract(self, url):
+ video_id = self._match_id(url)
+ webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
- # TODO more code goes here, for example ...
- title = self._html_search_regex(r'<h1>(.+?)</h1>', webpage, 'title')
+ # TODO more code goes here, for example ...
+ title = self._html_search_regex(r'<h1>(.+?)</h1>', webpage, 'title')
- return {
- 'id': video_id,
- 'title': title,
- 'description': self._og_search_description(webpage),
- 'uploader': self._search_regex(r'<div[^>]+id="uploader"[^>]*>([^<]+)<', webpage, 'uploader', fatal=False),
- # TODO more properties (see youtube_dl/extractor/common.py)
- }
- ```
+ return {
+ 'id': video_id,
+ 'title': title,
+ 'description': self._og_search_description(webpage),
+ 'uploader': self._search_regex(r'<div[^>]+id="uploader"[^>]*>([^<]+)<', webpage, 'uploader', fatal=False),
+ # TODO more properties (see youtube_dl/extractor/common.py)
+ }
-5. Add an import in youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py.
+5. Add an import in youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py.
6. Run python test/test_download.py TestDownload.test_YourExtractor.
This _should fail_ at first, but you can continually re-run it until
you're done. If you decide to add more than one test, then rename
_TEST to _TESTS and make it into a list of dictionaries. The tests
will then be named TestDownload.test_YourExtractor,
TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_1,
- TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_2, etc.
+ TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_2, etc. Note that tests with
+ only_matching key in test's dict are not counted in.
7. Have a look at youtube_dl/extractor/common.py for possible helper
methods and a detailed description of what your extractor should and
may return. Add tests and code for as many as you want.
-8. If you can, check the code with flake8.
-9. When the tests pass, add the new files and commit them and push the
+8. Make sure your code follows youtube-dl coding conventions and check
+ the code with flake8:
+
+ $ flake8 youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py
+
+9. Make sure your code works under all Python versions claimed
+ supported by youtube-dl, namely 2.6, 2.7, and 3.2+.
+10. When the tests pass, add the new files and commit them and push the
result, like this:
- $ git add youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py
+ $ git add youtube_dl/extractor/extractors.py
$ git add youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py
$ git commit -m '[yourextractor] Add new extractor'
$ git push origin yourextractor
-10. Finally, create a pull request. We'll then review and merge it.
+11. Finally, create a pull request. We'll then review and merge it.
In any case, thank you very much for your contributions!
+youtube-dl coding conventions
+
+This section introduces a guide lines for writing idiomatic, robust and
+future-proof extractor code.
+
+Extractors are very fragile by nature since they depend on the layout of
+the source data provided by 3rd party media hosters out of your control
+and this layout tends to change. As an extractor implementer your task
+is not only to write code that will extract media links and metadata
+correctly but also to minimize dependency on the source's layout and
+even to make the code foresee potential future changes and be ready for
+that. This is important because it will allow the extractor not to break
+on minor layout changes thus keeping old youtube-dl versions working.
+Even though this breakage issue is easily fixed by emitting a new
+version of youtube-dl with a fix incorporated, all the previous versions
+become broken in all repositories and distros' packages that may not be
+so prompt in fetching the update from us. Needless to say, some non
+rolling release distros may never receive an update at all.
+
+Mandatory and optional metafields
+
+For extraction to work youtube-dl relies on metadata your extractor
+extracts and provides to youtube-dl expressed by an information
+dictionary or simply _info dict_. Only the following meta fields in the
+_info dict_ are considered mandatory for a successful extraction process
+by youtube-dl:
+
+- id (media identifier)
+- title (media title)
+- url (media download URL) or formats
+
+In fact only the last option is technically mandatory (i.e. if you can't
+figure out the download location of the media the extraction does not
+make any sense). But by convention youtube-dl also treats id and title
+as mandatory. Thus the aforementioned metafields are the critical data
+that the extraction does not make any sense without and if any of them
+fail to be extracted then the extractor is considered completely broken.
+
+Any field apart from the aforementioned ones are considered OPTIONAL.
+That means that extraction should be TOLERANT to situations when sources
+for these fields can potentially be unavailable (even if they are always
+available at the moment) and FUTURE-PROOF in order not to break the
+extraction of general purpose mandatory fields.
+
+Example
+
+Say you have some source dictionary meta that you've fetched as JSON
+with HTTP request and it has a key summary:
+
+ meta = self._download_json(url, video_id)
+
+Assume at this point meta's layout is:
+
+ {
+ ...
+ "summary": "some fancy summary text",
+ ...
+ }
+
+Assume you want to extract summary and put it into the resulting info
+dict as description. Since description is an optional meta field you
+should be ready that this key may be missing from the meta dict, so that
+you should extract it like:
+
+ description = meta.get('summary') # correct
+
+and not like:
+
+ description = meta['summary'] # incorrect
+
+The latter will break extraction process with KeyError if summary
+disappears from meta at some later time but with the former approach
+extraction will just go ahead with description set to None which is
+perfectly fine (remember None is equivalent to the absence of data).
+
+Similarly, you should pass fatal=False when extracting optional data
+from a webpage with _search_regex, _html_search_regex or similar
+methods, for instance:
+
+ description = self._search_regex(
+ r'<span[^>]+id="title"[^>]*>([^<]+)<',
+ webpage, 'description', fatal=False)
+
+With fatal set to False if _search_regex fails to extract description it
+will emit a warning and continue extraction.
+
+You can also pass default=<some fallback value>, for example:
+
+ description = self._search_regex(
+ r'<span[^>]+id="title"[^>]*>([^<]+)<',
+ webpage, 'description', default=None)
+
+On failure this code will silently continue the extraction with
+description set to None. That is useful for metafields that may or may
+not be present.
+
+Provide fallbacks
+
+When extracting metadata try to do so from multiple sources. For example
+if title is present in several places, try extracting from at least some
+of them. This makes it more future-proof in case some of the sources
+become unavailable.
+
+Example
+
+Say meta from the previous example has a title and you are about to
+extract it. Since title is a mandatory meta field you should end up with
+something like:
+
+ title = meta['title']
+
+If title disappears from meta in future due to some changes on the
+hoster's side the extraction would fail since title is mandatory. That's
+expected.
+
+Assume that you have some another source you can extract title from, for
+example og:title HTML meta of a webpage. In this case you can provide a
+fallback scenario:
+
+ title = meta.get('title') or self._og_search_title(webpage)
+
+This code will try to extract from meta first and if it fails it will
+try extracting og:title from a webpage.
+
+Regular expressions
+
+Don't capture groups you don't use
+
+Capturing group must be an indication that it's used somewhere in the
+code. Any group that is not used must be non capturing.
+
+Example
+
+Don't capture id attribute name here since you can't use it for anything
+anyway.
+
+Correct:
+
+ r'(?:id|ID)=(?P<id>\d+)'
+
+Incorrect:
+
+ r'(id|ID)=(?P<id>\d+)'
+
+Make regular expressions relaxed and flexible
+
+When using regular expressions try to write them fuzzy, relaxed and
+flexible, skipping insignificant parts that are more likely to change,
+allowing both single and double quotes for quoted values and so on.
+
+Example
+
+Say you need to extract title from the following HTML code:
+
+ <span style="position: absolute; left: 910px; width: 90px; float: right; z-index: 9999;" class="title">some fancy title</span>
+
+The code for that task should look similar to:
+
+ title = self._search_regex(
+ r'<span[^>]+class="title"[^>]*>([^<]+)', webpage, 'title')
+
+Or even better:
+
+ title = self._search_regex(
+ r'<span[^>]+class=(["\'])title\1[^>]*>(?P<title>[^<]+)',
+ webpage, 'title', group='title')
+
+Note how you tolerate potential changes in the style attribute's value
+or switch from using double quotes to single for class attribute:
+
+The code definitely should not look like:
+
+ title = self._search_regex(
+ r'<span style="position: absolute; left: 910px; width: 90px; float: right; z-index: 9999;" class="title">(.*?)</span>',
+ webpage, 'title', group='title')
+
+Long lines policy
+
+There is a soft limit to keep lines of code under 80 characters long.
+This means it should be respected if possible and if it does not make
+readability and code maintenance worse.
+
+For example, you should NEVER split long string literals like URLs or
+some other often copied entities over multiple lines to fit this limit:
+
+Correct:
+
+ 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list=PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4'
+
+Incorrect:
+
+ 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqZTN594JQw&list='
+ 'PLMYEtVRpaqY00V9W81Cwmzp6N6vZqfUKD4'
+
+Inline values
+
+Extracting variables is acceptable for reducing code duplication and
+improving readability of complex expressions. However, you should avoid
+extracting variables used only once and moving them to opposite parts of
+the extractor file, which makes reading the linear flow difficult.
+
+Example
+
+Correct:
+
+ title = self._html_search_regex(r'<title>([^<]+)</title>', webpage, 'title')
+
+Incorrect:
+
+ TITLE_RE = r'<title>([^<]+)</title>'
+ # ...some lines of code...
+ title = self._html_search_regex(TITLE_RE, webpage, 'title')
+
+Collapse fallbacks
+
+Multiple fallback values can quickly become unwieldy. Collapse multiple
+fallback values into a single expression via a list of patterns.
+
+Example
+
+Good:
+
+ description = self._html_search_meta(
+ ['og:description', 'description', 'twitter:description'],
+ webpage, 'description', default=None)
+
+Unwieldy:
+
+ description = (
+ self._og_search_description(webpage, default=None)
+ or self._html_search_meta('description', webpage, default=None)
+ or self._html_search_meta('twitter:description', webpage, default=None))
+
+Methods supporting list of patterns are: _search_regex,
+_html_search_regex, _og_search_property, _html_search_meta.
+
+Trailing parentheses
+
+Always move trailing parentheses after the last argument.
+
+Example
+
+Correct:
+
+ lambda x: x['ResultSet']['Result'][0]['VideoUrlSet']['VideoUrl'],
+ list)
+
+Incorrect:
+
+ lambda x: x['ResultSet']['Result'][0]['VideoUrlSet']['VideoUrl'],
+ list,
+ )
+
+Use convenience conversion and parsing functions
+
+Wrap all extracted numeric data into safe functions from
+youtube_dl/utils.py: int_or_none, float_or_none. Use them for string to
+number conversions as well.
+
+Use url_or_none for safe URL processing.
+
+Use try_get for safe metadata extraction from parsed JSON.
+
+Use unified_strdate for uniform upload_date or any YYYYMMDD meta field
+extraction, unified_timestamp for uniform timestamp extraction,
+parse_filesize for filesize extraction, parse_count for count meta
+fields extraction, parse_resolution, parse_duration for duration
+extraction, parse_age_limit for age_limit extraction.
+
+Explore youtube_dl/utils.py for more useful convenience functions.
+
+More examples
+
+Safely extract optional description from parsed JSON
+
+ description = try_get(response, lambda x: x['result']['video'][0]['summary'], compat_str)
+
+Safely extract more optional metadata
+
+ video = try_get(response, lambda x: x['result']['video'][0], dict) or {}
+ description = video.get('summary')
+ duration = float_or_none(video.get('durationMs'), scale=1000)
+ view_count = int_or_none(video.get('views'))
+
+
EMBEDDING YOUTUBE-DL
From a Python program, you can embed youtube-dl in a more powerful
fashion, like this:
-``` {.python}
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
-import youtube_dl
+ from __future__ import unicode_literals
+ import youtube_dl
-ydl_opts = {}
-with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
- ydl.download(['http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'])
-```
+ ydl_opts = {}
+ with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
+ ydl.download(['https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'])
-Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of what can
-be done, have a look at youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py. For a start, if you
+Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of options
+available, have a look at youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py. For a start, if you
want to intercept youtube-dl's output, set a logger object.
Here's a more complete example of a program that outputs only errors
(and a short message after the download is finished), and
downloads/converts the video to an mp3 file:
-``` {.python}
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
-import youtube_dl
+ from __future__ import unicode_literals
+ import youtube_dl
-class MyLogger(object):
- def debug(self, msg):
- pass
+ class MyLogger(object):
+ def debug(self, msg):
+ pass
- def warning(self, msg):
- pass
+ def warning(self, msg):
+ pass
- def error(self, msg):
- print(msg)
+ def error(self, msg):
+ print(msg)
-def my_hook(d):
- if d['status'] == 'finished':
- print('Done downloading, now converting ...')
+ def my_hook(d):
+ if d['status'] == 'finished':
+ print('Done downloading, now converting ...')
-ydl_opts = {
- 'format': 'bestaudio/best',
- 'postprocessors': [{
- 'key': 'FFmpegExtractAudio',
- 'preferredcodec': 'mp3',
- 'preferredquality': '192',
- }],
- 'logger': MyLogger(),
- 'progress_hooks': [my_hook],
-}
-with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
- ydl.download(['http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'])
-```
+ ydl_opts = {
+ 'format': 'bestaudio/best',
+ 'postprocessors': [{
+ 'key': 'FFmpegExtractAudio',
+ 'preferredcodec': 'mp3',
+ 'preferredquality': '192',
+ }],
+ 'logger': MyLogger(),
+ 'progress_hooks': [my_hook],
+ }
+ with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
+ ydl.download(['https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'])
Bugs and suggestions should be reported at:
-https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues . Unless you were prompted so
-or there is another pertinent reason (e.g. GitHub fails to accept the
+https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues. Unless you were prompted
+to or there is another pertinent reason (e.g. GitHub fails to accept the
bug report), please do not send bug reports via personal email. For
-discussions, join us in the irc channel #youtube-dl on freenode.
-
-PLEASE INCLUDE THE FULL OUTPUT OF YOUTUBE-DL WHEN RUN WITH -v.
+discussions, join us in the IRC channel #youtube-dl on freenode
+(webchat).
+
+PLEASE INCLUDE THE FULL OUTPUT OF YOUTUBE-DL WHEN RUN WITH -v, i.e. ADD
+-v flag to YOUR COMMAND LINE, copy the WHOLE output and post it in the
+issue body wrapped in ``` for better formatting. It should look similar
+to this:
+
+ $ youtube-dl -v <your command line>
+ [debug] System config: []
+ [debug] User config: []
+ [debug] Command-line args: [u'-v', u'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKcj']
+ [debug] Encodings: locale cp1251, fs mbcs, out cp866, pref cp1251
+ [debug] youtube-dl version 2015.12.06
+ [debug] Git HEAD: 135392e
+ [debug] Python version 2.6.6 - Windows-2003Server-5.2.3790-SP2
+ [debug] exe versions: ffmpeg N-75573-g1d0487f, ffprobe N-75573-g1d0487f, rtmpdump 2.4
+ [debug] Proxy map: {}
+ ...
+
+DO NOT POST SCREENSHOTS OF VERBOSE LOGS; ONLY PLAIN TEXT IS ACCEPTABLE.
The output (including the first lines) contains important debugging
information. Issues without the full output are often not reproducible
If your report is shorter than two lines, it is almost certainly missing
some of these, which makes it hard for us to respond to it. We're often
too polite to close the issue outright, but the missing info makes
-misinterpretation likely. As a commiter myself, I often get frustrated
+misinterpretation likely. As a committer myself, I often get frustrated
by these issues, since the only possible way for me to move forward on
them is to ask for clarification over and over.
SITE SUPPORT REQUESTS MUST CONTAIN AN EXAMPLE URL. An example URL is a
URL you might want to download, like
-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc . There should be an obvious
+https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc. There should be an obvious
video present. Except under very special circumstances, the main page of
-a video service (e.g. http://www.youtube.com/ ) is _not_ an example URL.
+a video service (e.g. https://www.youtube.com/) is _not_ an example URL.
Are you using the latest version?
Is the issue already documented?
Make sure that someone has not already opened the issue you're trying to
-open. Search at the top of the window or at
-https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/search?type=Issues . If there is an
-issue, feel free to write something along the lines of "This affects me
-as well, with version 2015.01.01. Here is some more information on the
-issue: ...". While some issues may be old, a new post into them often
-spurs rapid activity.
+open. Search at the top of the window or browse the GitHub Issues of
+this repository. If there is an issue, feel free to write something
+along the lines of "This affects me as well, with version 2015.01.01.
+Here is some more information on the issue: ...". While some issues may
+be old, a new post into them often spurs rapid activity.
Why are existing options not enough?
In particular, every site support request issue should only pertain to
services at one site (generally under a common domain, but always using
the same backend technology). Do not request support for vimeo user
-videos, Whitehouse podcasts, and Google Plus pages in the same issue.
+videos, White house podcasts, and Google Plus pages in the same issue.
Also, make sure that you don't post bug reports alongside feature
requests. As a rule of thumb, a feature request does not include outputs
of youtube-dl that are not immediately related to the feature at hand.
Is your question about youtube-dl?
It may sound strange, but some bug reports we receive are completely
-unrelated to youtube-dl and relate to a different or even the reporter's
-own application. Please make sure that you are actually using
-youtube-dl. If you are using a UI for youtube-dl, report the bug to the
-maintainer of the actual application providing the UI. On the other
-hand, if your UI for youtube-dl fails in some way you believe is related
-to youtube-dl, by all means, go ahead and report the bug.
+unrelated to youtube-dl and relate to a different, or even the
+reporter's own, application. Please make sure that you are actually
+using youtube-dl. If you are using a UI for youtube-dl, report the bug
+to the maintainer of the actual application providing the UI. On the
+other hand, if your UI for youtube-dl fails in some way you believe is
+related to youtube-dl, by all means, go ahead and report the bug.
youtube-dl is released into the public domain by the copyright holders.
-This README file was originally written by Daniel Bolton
-(https://github.com/dbbolton) and is likewise released into the public
-domain.
+This README file was originally written by Daniel Bolton and is likewise
+released into the public domain.
Rapsys Git / youtubedl / blobdiff