]> Raphaƫl G. Git Repositories - youtubedl/blobdiff - youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py
Update Standards-Version to 3.9.8 (no changes required).
[youtubedl] / youtube_dl / YoutubeDL.py
index 74e4261680da06d9892b4c6f60a26481771c950b..e844dc98a5b3915070ffae079395233de7ed04f7 100755 (executable)
@@ -4,8 +4,11 @@
 from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
 
 import collections
 from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
 
 import collections
+import contextlib
+import copy
 import datetime
 import errno
 import datetime
 import errno
+import fileinput
 import io
 import itertools
 import json
 import io
 import itertools
 import json
@@ -19,63 +22,73 @@ import subprocess
 import socket
 import sys
 import time
 import socket
 import sys
 import time
+import tokenize
 import traceback
 
 import traceback
 
-if os.name == 'nt':
-    import ctypes
-
 from .compat import (
     compat_basestring,
     compat_cookiejar,
     compat_expanduser,
 from .compat import (
     compat_basestring,
     compat_cookiejar,
     compat_expanduser,
+    compat_get_terminal_size,
     compat_http_client,
     compat_kwargs,
     compat_http_client,
     compat_kwargs,
+    compat_os_name,
     compat_str,
     compat_str,
+    compat_tokenize_tokenize,
     compat_urllib_error,
     compat_urllib_request,
     compat_urllib_error,
     compat_urllib_request,
+    compat_urllib_request_DataHandler,
 )
 from .utils import (
 )
 from .utils import (
-    escape_url,
+    age_restricted,
+    args_to_str,
     ContentTooShortError,
     date_from_str,
     DateRange,
     DEFAULT_OUTTMPL,
     determine_ext,
     ContentTooShortError,
     date_from_str,
     DateRange,
     DEFAULT_OUTTMPL,
     determine_ext,
+    determine_protocol,
     DownloadError,
     DownloadError,
+    encode_compat_str,
     encodeFilename,
     encodeFilename,
+    error_to_compat_str,
     ExtractorError,
     format_bytes,
     formatSeconds,
     ExtractorError,
     format_bytes,
     formatSeconds,
-    get_term_width,
     locked_file,
     make_HTTPS_handler,
     MaxDownloadsReached,
     PagedList,
     parse_filesize,
     locked_file,
     make_HTTPS_handler,
     MaxDownloadsReached,
     PagedList,
     parse_filesize,
-    PostProcessingError,
+    PerRequestProxyHandler,
     platform_name,
     platform_name,
+    PostProcessingError,
     preferredencoding,
     preferredencoding,
+    prepend_extension,
+    register_socks_protocols,
     render_table,
     render_table,
+    replace_extension,
     SameFileError,
     sanitize_filename,
     SameFileError,
     sanitize_filename,
+    sanitize_path,
+    sanitize_url,
+    sanitized_Request,
     std_headers,
     subtitles_filename,
     std_headers,
     subtitles_filename,
-    takewhile_inclusive,
     UnavailableVideoError,
     url_basename,
     version_tuple,
     write_json_file,
     write_string,
     UnavailableVideoError,
     url_basename,
     version_tuple,
     write_json_file,
     write_string,
+    YoutubeDLCookieProcessor,
     YoutubeDLHandler,
     YoutubeDLHandler,
-    prepend_extension,
-    args_to_str,
-    age_restricted,
 )
 from .cache import Cache
 )
 from .cache import Cache
-from .extractor import get_info_extractor, gen_extractors
+from .extractor import get_info_extractor, gen_extractor_classes, _LAZY_LOADER
 from .downloader import get_suitable_downloader
 from .downloader.rtmp import rtmpdump_version
 from .postprocessor import (
 from .downloader import get_suitable_downloader
 from .downloader.rtmp import rtmpdump_version
 from .postprocessor import (
+    FFmpegFixupM3u8PP,
     FFmpegFixupM4aPP,
     FFmpegFixupStretchedPP,
     FFmpegMergerPP,
     FFmpegFixupM4aPP,
     FFmpegFixupStretchedPP,
     FFmpegMergerPP,
@@ -84,6 +97,9 @@ from .postprocessor import (
 )
 from .version import __version__
 
 )
 from .version import __version__
 
+if compat_os_name == 'nt':
+    import ctypes
+
 
 class YoutubeDL(object):
     """YoutubeDL class.
 
 class YoutubeDL(object):
     """YoutubeDL class.
@@ -114,7 +130,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
 
     username:          Username for authentication purposes.
     password:          Password for authentication purposes.
 
     username:          Username for authentication purposes.
     password:          Password for authentication purposes.
-    videopassword:     Password for acces a video.
+    videopassword:     Password for accessing a video.
     usenetrc:          Use netrc for authentication instead.
     verbose:           Print additional info to stdout.
     quiet:             Do not print messages to stdout.
     usenetrc:          Use netrc for authentication instead.
     verbose:           Print additional info to stdout.
     quiet:             Do not print messages to stdout.
@@ -131,10 +147,10 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                        (or video) as a single JSON line.
     simulate:          Do not download the video files.
     format:            Video format code. See options.py for more information.
                        (or video) as a single JSON line.
     simulate:          Do not download the video files.
     format:            Video format code. See options.py for more information.
-    format_limit:      Highest quality format to try.
     outtmpl:           Template for output names.
     restrictfilenames: Do not allow "&" and spaces in file names
     ignoreerrors:      Do not stop on download errors.
     outtmpl:           Template for output names.
     restrictfilenames: Do not allow "&" and spaces in file names
     ignoreerrors:      Do not stop on download errors.
+    force_generic_extractor: Force downloader to use the generic extractor
     nooverwrites:      Prevent overwriting files.
     playliststart:     Playlist item to start at.
     playlistend:       Playlist item to end at.
     nooverwrites:      Prevent overwriting files.
     playliststart:     Playlist item to start at.
     playlistend:       Playlist item to end at.
@@ -150,7 +166,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
     writethumbnail:    Write the thumbnail image to a file
     write_all_thumbnails:  Write all thumbnail formats to files
     writesubtitles:    Write the video subtitles to a file
     writethumbnail:    Write the thumbnail image to a file
     write_all_thumbnails:  Write all thumbnail formats to files
     writesubtitles:    Write the video subtitles to a file
-    writeautomaticsub: Write the automatic subtitles to a file
+    writeautomaticsub: Write the automatically generated subtitles to a file
     allsubtitles:      Downloads all the subtitles of the video
                        (requires writesubtitles or writeautomaticsub)
     listsubtitles:     Lists all available subtitles for the video
     allsubtitles:      Downloads all the subtitles of the video
                        (requires writesubtitles or writeautomaticsub)
     listsubtitles:     Lists all available subtitles for the video
@@ -181,6 +197,8 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
     prefer_insecure:   Use HTTP instead of HTTPS to retrieve information.
                        At the moment, this is only supported by YouTube.
     proxy:             URL of the proxy server to use
     prefer_insecure:   Use HTTP instead of HTTPS to retrieve information.
                        At the moment, this is only supported by YouTube.
     proxy:             URL of the proxy server to use
+    geo_verification_proxy:  URL of the proxy to use for IP address verification
+                       on geo-restricted sites. (Experimental)
     socket_timeout:    Time to wait for unresponsive hosts, in seconds
     bidi_workaround:   Work around buggy terminals without bidirectional text
                        support, using fridibi
     socket_timeout:    Time to wait for unresponsive hosts, in seconds
     bidi_workaround:   Work around buggy terminals without bidirectional text
                        support, using fridibi
@@ -231,7 +249,16 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
     source_address:    (Experimental) Client-side IP address to bind to.
     call_home:         Boolean, true iff we are allowed to contact the
                        youtube-dl servers for debugging.
     source_address:    (Experimental) Client-side IP address to bind to.
     call_home:         Boolean, true iff we are allowed to contact the
                        youtube-dl servers for debugging.
-    sleep_interval:    Number of seconds to sleep before each download.
+    sleep_interval:    Number of seconds to sleep before each download when
+                       used alone or a lower bound of a range for randomized
+                       sleep before each download (minimum possible number
+                       of seconds to sleep) when used along with
+                       max_sleep_interval.
+    max_sleep_interval:Upper bound of a range for randomized sleep before each
+                       download (maximum possible number of seconds to sleep).
+                       Must only be used along with sleep_interval.
+                       Actual sleep time will be a random float from range
+                       [sleep_interval; max_sleep_interval].
     listformats:       Print an overview of available video formats and exit.
     list_thumbnails:   Print a table of all thumbnails and exit.
     match_filter:      A function that gets called with the info_dict of
     listformats:       Print an overview of available video formats and exit.
     list_thumbnails:   Print a table of all thumbnails and exit.
     match_filter:      A function that gets called with the info_dict of
@@ -244,18 +271,21 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
     The following options determine which downloader is picked:
     external_downloader: Executable of the external downloader to call.
                        None or unset for standard (built-in) downloader.
     The following options determine which downloader is picked:
     external_downloader: Executable of the external downloader to call.
                        None or unset for standard (built-in) downloader.
-    hls_prefer_native: Use the native HLS downloader instead of ffmpeg/avconv.
+    hls_prefer_native: Use the native HLS downloader instead of ffmpeg/avconv
+                       if True, otherwise use ffmpeg/avconv if False, otherwise
+                       use downloader suggested by extractor if None.
 
     The following parameters are not used by YoutubeDL itself, they are used by
 
     The following parameters are not used by YoutubeDL itself, they are used by
-    the FileDownloader:
+    the downloader (see youtube_dl/downloader/common.py):
     nopart, updatetime, buffersize, ratelimit, min_filesize, max_filesize, test,
     noresizebuffer, retries, continuedl, noprogress, consoletitle,
     nopart, updatetime, buffersize, ratelimit, min_filesize, max_filesize, test,
     noresizebuffer, retries, continuedl, noprogress, consoletitle,
-    xattr_set_filesize.
+    xattr_set_filesize, external_downloader_args, hls_use_mpegts.
 
     The following options are used by the post processors:
     prefer_ffmpeg:     If True, use ffmpeg instead of avconv if both are available,
                        otherwise prefer avconv.
 
     The following options are used by the post processors:
     prefer_ffmpeg:     If True, use ffmpeg instead of avconv if both are available,
                        otherwise prefer avconv.
-    exec_cmd:          Arbitrary command to run after downloading
+    postprocessor_args: A list of additional command-line arguments for the
+                        postprocessor.
     """
 
     params = None
     """
 
     params = None
@@ -277,14 +307,23 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         self._num_downloads = 0
         self._screen_file = [sys.stdout, sys.stderr][params.get('logtostderr', False)]
         self._err_file = sys.stderr
         self._num_downloads = 0
         self._screen_file = [sys.stdout, sys.stderr][params.get('logtostderr', False)]
         self._err_file = sys.stderr
-        self.params = params
+        self.params = {
+            # Default parameters
+            'nocheckcertificate': False,
+        }
+        self.params.update(params)
         self.cache = Cache(self)
 
         self.cache = Cache(self)
 
+        if self.params.get('cn_verification_proxy') is not None:
+            self.report_warning('--cn-verification-proxy is deprecated. Use --geo-verification-proxy instead.')
+            if self.params.get('geo_verification_proxy') is None:
+                self.params['geo_verification_proxy'] = self.params['cn_verification_proxy']
+
         if params.get('bidi_workaround', False):
             try:
                 import pty
                 master, slave = pty.openpty()
         if params.get('bidi_workaround', False):
             try:
                 import pty
                 master, slave = pty.openpty()
-                width = get_term_width()
+                width = compat_get_terminal_size().columns
                 if width is None:
                     width_args = []
                 else:
                 if width is None:
                     width_args = []
                 else:
@@ -302,7 +341,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                         ['fribidi', '-c', 'UTF-8'] + width_args, **sp_kwargs)
                 self._output_channel = os.fdopen(master, 'rb')
             except OSError as ose:
                         ['fribidi', '-c', 'UTF-8'] + width_args, **sp_kwargs)
                 self._output_channel = os.fdopen(master, 'rb')
             except OSError as ose:
-                if ose.errno == 2:
+                if ose.errno == errno.ENOENT:
                     self.report_warning('Could not find fribidi executable, ignoring --bidi-workaround . Make sure that  fribidi  is an executable file in one of the directories in your $PATH.')
                 else:
                     raise
                     self.report_warning('Could not find fribidi executable, ignoring --bidi-workaround . Make sure that  fribidi  is an executable file in one of the directories in your $PATH.')
                 else:
                     raise
@@ -317,8 +356,10 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                 'Set the LC_ALL environment variable to fix this.')
             self.params['restrictfilenames'] = True
 
                 'Set the LC_ALL environment variable to fix this.')
             self.params['restrictfilenames'] = True
 
-        if '%(stitle)s' in self.params.get('outtmpl', ''):
-            self.report_warning('%(stitle)s is deprecated. Use the %(title)s and the --restrict-filenames flag(which also secures %(uploader)s et al) instead.')
+        if isinstance(params.get('outtmpl'), bytes):
+            self.report_warning(
+                'Parameter outtmpl is bytes, but should be a unicode string. '
+                'Put  from __future__ import unicode_literals  at the top of your code file or consider switching to Python 3.x.')
 
         self._setup_opener()
 
 
         self._setup_opener()
 
@@ -336,6 +377,8 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         for ph in self.params.get('progress_hooks', []):
             self.add_progress_hook(ph)
 
         for ph in self.params.get('progress_hooks', []):
             self.add_progress_hook(ph)
 
+        register_socks_protocols()
+
     def warn_if_short_id(self, argv):
         # short YouTube ID starting with dash?
         idxs = [
     def warn_if_short_id(self, argv):
         # short YouTube ID starting with dash?
         idxs = [
@@ -355,8 +398,9 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
     def add_info_extractor(self, ie):
         """Add an InfoExtractor object to the end of the list."""
         self._ies.append(ie)
     def add_info_extractor(self, ie):
         """Add an InfoExtractor object to the end of the list."""
         self._ies.append(ie)
-        self._ies_instances[ie.ie_key()] = ie
-        ie.set_downloader(self)
+        if not isinstance(ie, type):
+            self._ies_instances[ie.ie_key()] = ie
+            ie.set_downloader(self)
 
     def get_info_extractor(self, ie_key):
         """
 
     def get_info_extractor(self, ie_key):
         """
@@ -374,7 +418,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         """
         Add the InfoExtractors returned by gen_extractors to the end of the list
         """
         """
         Add the InfoExtractors returned by gen_extractors to the end of the list
         """
-        for ie in gen_extractors():
+        for ie in gen_extractor_classes():
             self.add_info_extractor(ie)
 
     def add_post_processor(self, pp):
             self.add_info_extractor(ie)
 
     def add_post_processor(self, pp):
@@ -430,7 +474,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
     def to_console_title(self, message):
         if not self.params.get('consoletitle', False):
             return
     def to_console_title(self, message):
         if not self.params.get('consoletitle', False):
             return
-        if os.name == 'nt' and ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetConsoleWindow():
+        if compat_os_name == 'nt' and ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetConsoleWindow():
             # c_wchar_p() might not be necessary if `message` is
             # already of type unicode()
             ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTitleW(ctypes.c_wchar_p(message))
             # c_wchar_p() might not be necessary if `message` is
             # already of type unicode()
             ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTitleW(ctypes.c_wchar_p(message))
@@ -478,7 +522,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                     tb = ''
                     if hasattr(sys.exc_info()[1], 'exc_info') and sys.exc_info()[1].exc_info[0]:
                         tb += ''.join(traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info()[1].exc_info))
                     tb = ''
                     if hasattr(sys.exc_info()[1], 'exc_info') and sys.exc_info()[1].exc_info[0]:
                         tb += ''.join(traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info()[1].exc_info))
-                    tb += compat_str(traceback.format_exc())
+                    tb += encode_compat_str(traceback.format_exc())
                 else:
                     tb_data = traceback.format_list(traceback.extract_stack())
                     tb = ''.join(tb_data)
                 else:
                     tb_data = traceback.format_list(traceback.extract_stack())
                     tb = ''.join(tb_data)
@@ -501,7 +545,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         else:
             if self.params.get('no_warnings'):
                 return
         else:
             if self.params.get('no_warnings'):
                 return
-            if not self.params.get('no_color') and self._err_file.isatty() and os.name != 'nt':
+            if not self.params.get('no_color') and self._err_file.isatty() and compat_os_name != 'nt':
                 _msg_header = '\033[0;33mWARNING:\033[0m'
             else:
                 _msg_header = 'WARNING:'
                 _msg_header = '\033[0;33mWARNING:\033[0m'
             else:
                 _msg_header = 'WARNING:'
@@ -513,7 +557,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         Do the same as trouble, but prefixes the message with 'ERROR:', colored
         in red if stderr is a tty file.
         '''
         Do the same as trouble, but prefixes the message with 'ERROR:', colored
         in red if stderr is a tty file.
         '''
-        if not self.params.get('no_color') and self._err_file.isatty() and os.name != 'nt':
+        if not self.params.get('no_color') and self._err_file.isatty() and compat_os_name != 'nt':
             _msg_header = '\033[0;31mERROR:\033[0m'
         else:
             _msg_header = 'ERROR:'
             _msg_header = '\033[0;31mERROR:\033[0m'
         else:
             _msg_header = 'ERROR:'
@@ -546,7 +590,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                 elif template_dict.get('height'):
                     template_dict['resolution'] = '%sp' % template_dict['height']
                 elif template_dict.get('width'):
                 elif template_dict.get('height'):
                     template_dict['resolution'] = '%sp' % template_dict['height']
                 elif template_dict.get('width'):
-                    template_dict['resolution'] = '?x%d' % template_dict['width']
+                    template_dict['resolution'] = '%dx?' % template_dict['width']
 
             sanitize = lambda k, v: sanitize_filename(
                 compat_str(v),
 
             sanitize = lambda k, v: sanitize_filename(
                 compat_str(v),
@@ -554,7 +598,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                 is_id=(k == 'id'))
             template_dict = dict((k, sanitize(k, v))
                                  for k, v in template_dict.items()
                 is_id=(k == 'id'))
             template_dict = dict((k, sanitize(k, v))
                                  for k, v in template_dict.items()
-                                 if v is not None)
+                                 if v is not None and not isinstance(v, (list, tuple, dict)))
             template_dict = collections.defaultdict(lambda: 'NA', template_dict)
 
             outtmpl = self.params.get('outtmpl', DEFAULT_OUTTMPL)
             template_dict = collections.defaultdict(lambda: 'NA', template_dict)
 
             outtmpl = self.params.get('outtmpl', DEFAULT_OUTTMPL)
@@ -565,7 +609,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             # to workaround encoding issues with subprocess on python2 @ Windows
             if sys.version_info < (3, 0) and sys.platform == 'win32':
                 filename = encodeFilename(filename, True).decode(preferredencoding())
             # to workaround encoding issues with subprocess on python2 @ Windows
             if sys.version_info < (3, 0) and sys.platform == 'win32':
                 filename = encodeFilename(filename, True).decode(preferredencoding())
-            return filename
+            return sanitize_path(filename)
         except ValueError as err:
             self.report_error('Error in output template: ' + str(err) + ' (encoding: ' + repr(preferredencoding()) + ')')
             return None
         except ValueError as err:
             self.report_error('Error in output template: ' + str(err) + ' (encoding: ' + repr(preferredencoding()) + ')')
             return None
@@ -585,12 +629,12 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             if rejecttitle:
                 if re.search(rejecttitle, title, re.IGNORECASE):
                     return '"' + title + '" title matched reject pattern "' + rejecttitle + '"'
             if rejecttitle:
                 if re.search(rejecttitle, title, re.IGNORECASE):
                     return '"' + title + '" title matched reject pattern "' + rejecttitle + '"'
-        date = info_dict.get('upload_date', None)
+        date = info_dict.get('upload_date')
         if date is not None:
             dateRange = self.params.get('daterange', DateRange())
             if date not in dateRange:
                 return '%s upload date is not in range %s' % (date_from_str(date).isoformat(), dateRange)
         if date is not None:
             dateRange = self.params.get('daterange', DateRange())
             if date not in dateRange:
                 return '%s upload date is not in range %s' % (date_from_str(date).isoformat(), dateRange)
-        view_count = info_dict.get('view_count', None)
+        view_count = info_dict.get('view_count')
         if view_count is not None:
             min_views = self.params.get('min_views')
             if min_views is not None and view_count < min_views:
         if view_count is not None:
             min_views = self.params.get('min_views')
             if min_views is not None and view_count < min_views:
@@ -619,12 +663,15 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             info_dict.setdefault(key, value)
 
     def extract_info(self, url, download=True, ie_key=None, extra_info={},
             info_dict.setdefault(key, value)
 
     def extract_info(self, url, download=True, ie_key=None, extra_info={},
-                     process=True):
+                     process=True, force_generic_extractor=False):
         '''
         Returns a list with a dictionary for each video we find.
         If 'download', also downloads the videos.
         extra_info is a dict containing the extra values to add to each result
         '''
         Returns a list with a dictionary for each video we find.
         If 'download', also downloads the videos.
         extra_info is a dict containing the extra values to add to each result
-         '''
+        '''
+
+        if not ie_key and force_generic_extractor:
+            ie_key = 'Generic'
 
         if ie_key:
             ies = [self.get_info_extractor(ie_key)]
 
         if ie_key:
             ies = [self.get_info_extractor(ie_key)]
@@ -635,6 +682,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             if not ie.suitable(url):
                 continue
 
             if not ie.suitable(url):
                 continue
 
+            ie = self.get_info_extractor(ie.ie_key())
             if not ie.working():
                 self.report_warning('The program functionality for this site has been marked as broken, '
                                     'and will probably not work.')
             if not ie.working():
                 self.report_warning('The program functionality for this site has been marked as broken, '
                                     'and will probably not work.')
@@ -654,14 +702,14 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                     return self.process_ie_result(ie_result, download, extra_info)
                 else:
                     return ie_result
                     return self.process_ie_result(ie_result, download, extra_info)
                 else:
                     return ie_result
-            except ExtractorError as de:  # An error we somewhat expected
-                self.report_error(compat_str(de), de.format_traceback())
+            except ExtractorError as e:  # An error we somewhat expected
+                self.report_error(compat_str(e), e.format_traceback())
                 break
             except MaxDownloadsReached:
                 raise
             except Exception as e:
                 if self.params.get('ignoreerrors', False):
                 break
             except MaxDownloadsReached:
                 raise
             except Exception as e:
                 if self.params.get('ignoreerrors', False):
-                    self.report_error(compat_str(e), tb=compat_str(traceback.format_exc()))
+                    self.report_error(error_to_compat_str(e), tb=encode_compat_str(traceback.format_exc()))
                     break
                 else:
                     raise
                     break
                 else:
                     raise
@@ -684,10 +732,10 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         It will also download the videos if 'download'.
         Returns the resolved ie_result.
         """
         It will also download the videos if 'download'.
         Returns the resolved ie_result.
         """
-
         result_type = ie_result.get('_type', 'video')
 
         if result_type in ('url', 'url_transparent'):
         result_type = ie_result.get('_type', 'video')
 
         if result_type in ('url', 'url_transparent'):
+            ie_result['url'] = sanitize_url(ie_result['url'])
             extract_flat = self.params.get('extract_flat', False)
             if ((extract_flat == 'in_playlist' and 'playlist' in extra_info) or
                     extract_flat is True):
             extract_flat = self.params.get('extract_flat', False)
             if ((extract_flat == 'in_playlist' and 'playlist' in extra_info) or
                     extract_flat is True):
@@ -713,7 +761,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
 
             force_properties = dict(
                 (k, v) for k, v in ie_result.items() if v is not None)
 
             force_properties = dict(
                 (k, v) for k, v in ie_result.items() if v is not None)
-            for f in ('_type', 'url'):
+            for f in ('_type', 'url', 'ie_key'):
                 if f in force_properties:
                     del force_properties[f]
             new_result = info.copy()
                 if f in force_properties:
                     del force_properties[f]
             new_result = info.copy()
@@ -725,18 +773,18 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                 new_result, download=download, extra_info=extra_info)
         elif result_type == 'playlist' or result_type == 'multi_video':
             # We process each entry in the playlist
                 new_result, download=download, extra_info=extra_info)
         elif result_type == 'playlist' or result_type == 'multi_video':
             # We process each entry in the playlist
-            playlist = ie_result.get('title', None) or ie_result.get('id', None)
+            playlist = ie_result.get('title') or ie_result.get('id')
             self.to_screen('[download] Downloading playlist: %s' % playlist)
 
             playlist_results = []
 
             playliststart = self.params.get('playliststart', 1) - 1
             self.to_screen('[download] Downloading playlist: %s' % playlist)
 
             playlist_results = []
 
             playliststart = self.params.get('playliststart', 1) - 1
-            playlistend = self.params.get('playlistend', None)
+            playlistend = self.params.get('playlistend')
             # For backwards compatibility, interpret -1 as whole list
             if playlistend == -1:
                 playlistend = None
 
             # For backwards compatibility, interpret -1 as whole list
             if playlistend == -1:
                 playlistend = None
 
-            playlistitems_str = self.params.get('playlist_items', None)
+            playlistitems_str = self.params.get('playlist_items')
             playlistitems = None
             if playlistitems_str is not None:
                 def iter_playlistitems(format):
             playlistitems = None
             if playlistitems_str is not None:
                 def iter_playlistitems(format):
@@ -753,12 +801,14 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             if isinstance(ie_entries, list):
                 n_all_entries = len(ie_entries)
                 if playlistitems:
             if isinstance(ie_entries, list):
                 n_all_entries = len(ie_entries)
                 if playlistitems:
-                    entries = [ie_entries[i - 1] for i in playlistitems]
+                    entries = [
+                        ie_entries[i - 1] for i in playlistitems
+                        if -n_all_entries <= i - 1 < n_all_entries]
                 else:
                     entries = ie_entries[playliststart:playlistend]
                 n_entries = len(entries)
                 self.to_screen(
                 else:
                     entries = ie_entries[playliststart:playlistend]
                 n_entries = len(entries)
                 self.to_screen(
-                    "[%s] playlist %s: Collected %d video ids (downloading %d of them)" %
+                    '[%s] playlist %s: Collected %d video ids (downloading %d of them)' %
                     (ie_result['extractor'], playlist, n_all_entries, n_entries))
             elif isinstance(ie_entries, PagedList):
                 if playlistitems:
                     (ie_result['extractor'], playlist, n_all_entries, n_entries))
             elif isinstance(ie_entries, PagedList):
                 if playlistitems:
@@ -772,7 +822,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                         playliststart, playlistend)
                 n_entries = len(entries)
                 self.to_screen(
                         playliststart, playlistend)
                 n_entries = len(entries)
                 self.to_screen(
-                    "[%s] playlist %s: Downloading %d videos" %
+                    '[%s] playlist %s: Downloading %d videos' %
                     (ie_result['extractor'], playlist, n_entries))
             else:  # iterable
                 if playlistitems:
                     (ie_result['extractor'], playlist, n_entries))
             else:  # iterable
                 if playlistitems:
@@ -783,7 +833,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                         ie_entries, playliststart, playlistend))
                 n_entries = len(entries)
                 self.to_screen(
                         ie_entries, playliststart, playlistend))
                 n_entries = len(entries)
                 self.to_screen(
-                    "[%s] playlist %s: Downloading %d videos" %
+                    '[%s] playlist %s: Downloading %d videos' %
                     (ie_result['extractor'], playlist, n_entries))
 
             if self.params.get('playlistreverse', False):
                     (ie_result['extractor'], playlist, n_entries))
 
             if self.params.get('playlistreverse', False):
@@ -813,6 +863,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                                                       extra_info=extra)
                 playlist_results.append(entry_result)
             ie_result['entries'] = playlist_results
                                                       extra_info=extra)
                 playlist_results.append(entry_result)
             ie_result['entries'] = playlist_results
+            self.to_screen('[download] Finished downloading playlist: %s' % playlist)
             return ie_result
         elif result_type == 'compat_list':
             self.report_warning(
             return ie_result
         elif result_type == 'compat_list':
             self.report_warning(
@@ -838,8 +889,8 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         else:
             raise Exception('Invalid result type: %s' % result_type)
 
         else:
             raise Exception('Invalid result type: %s' % result_type)
 
-    def _apply_format_filter(self, format_spec, available_formats):
-        " Returns a tuple of the remaining format_spec and filtered formats "
+    def _build_format_filter(self, filter_spec):
+        " Returns a function to filter the formats according to the filter_spec "
 
         OPERATORS = {
             '<': operator.lt,
 
         OPERATORS = {
             '<': operator.lt,
@@ -849,13 +900,13 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             '=': operator.eq,
             '!=': operator.ne,
         }
             '=': operator.eq,
             '!=': operator.ne,
         }
-        operator_rex = re.compile(r'''(?x)\s*\[
+        operator_rex = re.compile(r'''(?x)\s*
             (?P<key>width|height|tbr|abr|vbr|asr|filesize|fps)
             \s*(?P<op>%s)(?P<none_inclusive>\s*\?)?\s*
             (?P<value>[0-9.]+(?:[kKmMgGtTpPeEzZyY]i?[Bb]?)?)
             (?P<key>width|height|tbr|abr|vbr|asr|filesize|fps)
             \s*(?P<op>%s)(?P<none_inclusive>\s*\?)?\s*
             (?P<value>[0-9.]+(?:[kKmMgGtTpPeEzZyY]i?[Bb]?)?)
-            \]$
+            $
             ''' % '|'.join(map(re.escape, OPERATORS.keys())))
             ''' % '|'.join(map(re.escape, OPERATORS.keys())))
-        m = operator_rex.search(format_spec)
+        m = operator_rex.search(filter_spec)
         if m:
             try:
                 comparison_value = int(m.group('value'))
         if m:
             try:
                 comparison_value = int(m.group('value'))
@@ -866,86 +917,302 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                 if comparison_value is None:
                     raise ValueError(
                         'Invalid value %r in format specification %r' % (
                 if comparison_value is None:
                     raise ValueError(
                         'Invalid value %r in format specification %r' % (
-                            m.group('value'), format_spec))
+                            m.group('value'), filter_spec))
             op = OPERATORS[m.group('op')]
 
         if not m:
             STR_OPERATORS = {
                 '=': operator.eq,
                 '!=': operator.ne,
             op = OPERATORS[m.group('op')]
 
         if not m:
             STR_OPERATORS = {
                 '=': operator.eq,
                 '!=': operator.ne,
+                '^=': lambda attr, value: attr.startswith(value),
+                '$=': lambda attr, value: attr.endswith(value),
+                '*=': lambda attr, value: value in attr,
             }
             }
-            str_operator_rex = re.compile(r'''(?x)\s*\[
-                \s*(?P<key>ext|acodec|vcodec|container|protocol)
+            str_operator_rex = re.compile(r'''(?x)
+                \s*(?P<key>ext|acodec|vcodec|container|protocol|format_id)
                 \s*(?P<op>%s)(?P<none_inclusive>\s*\?)?
                 \s*(?P<op>%s)(?P<none_inclusive>\s*\?)?
-                \s*(?P<value>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)
-                \s*\]$
+                \s*(?P<value>[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+)
+                \s*$
                 ''' % '|'.join(map(re.escape, STR_OPERATORS.keys())))
                 ''' % '|'.join(map(re.escape, STR_OPERATORS.keys())))
-            m = str_operator_rex.search(format_spec)
+            m = str_operator_rex.search(filter_spec)
             if m:
                 comparison_value = m.group('value')
                 op = STR_OPERATORS[m.group('op')]
 
         if not m:
             if m:
                 comparison_value = m.group('value')
                 op = STR_OPERATORS[m.group('op')]
 
         if not m:
-            raise ValueError('Invalid format specification %r' % format_spec)
+            raise ValueError('Invalid filter specification %r' % filter_spec)
 
         def _filter(f):
             actual_value = f.get(m.group('key'))
             if actual_value is None:
                 return m.group('none_inclusive')
             return op(actual_value, comparison_value)
 
         def _filter(f):
             actual_value = f.get(m.group('key'))
             if actual_value is None:
                 return m.group('none_inclusive')
             return op(actual_value, comparison_value)
-        new_formats = [f for f in available_formats if _filter(f)]
+        return _filter
+
+    def build_format_selector(self, format_spec):
+        def syntax_error(note, start):
+            message = (
+                'Invalid format specification: '
+                '{0}\n\t{1}\n\t{2}^'.format(note, format_spec, ' ' * start[1]))
+            return SyntaxError(message)
+
+        PICKFIRST = 'PICKFIRST'
+        MERGE = 'MERGE'
+        SINGLE = 'SINGLE'
+        GROUP = 'GROUP'
+        FormatSelector = collections.namedtuple('FormatSelector', ['type', 'selector', 'filters'])
+
+        def _parse_filter(tokens):
+            filter_parts = []
+            for type, string, start, _, _ in tokens:
+                if type == tokenize.OP and string == ']':
+                    return ''.join(filter_parts)
+                else:
+                    filter_parts.append(string)
+
+        def _remove_unused_ops(tokens):
+            # Remove operators that we don't use and join them with the surrounding strings
+            # for example: 'mp4' '-' 'baseline' '-' '16x9' is converted to 'mp4-baseline-16x9'
+            ALLOWED_OPS = ('/', '+', ',', '(', ')')
+            last_string, last_start, last_end, last_line = None, None, None, None
+            for type, string, start, end, line in tokens:
+                if type == tokenize.OP and string == '[':
+                    if last_string:
+                        yield tokenize.NAME, last_string, last_start, last_end, last_line
+                        last_string = None
+                    yield type, string, start, end, line
+                    # everything inside brackets will be handled by _parse_filter
+                    for type, string, start, end, line in tokens:
+                        yield type, string, start, end, line
+                        if type == tokenize.OP and string == ']':
+                            break
+                elif type == tokenize.OP and string in ALLOWED_OPS:
+                    if last_string:
+                        yield tokenize.NAME, last_string, last_start, last_end, last_line
+                        last_string = None
+                    yield type, string, start, end, line
+                elif type in [tokenize.NAME, tokenize.NUMBER, tokenize.OP]:
+                    if not last_string:
+                        last_string = string
+                        last_start = start
+                        last_end = end
+                    else:
+                        last_string += string
+            if last_string:
+                yield tokenize.NAME, last_string, last_start, last_end, last_line
+
+        def _parse_format_selection(tokens, inside_merge=False, inside_choice=False, inside_group=False):
+            selectors = []
+            current_selector = None
+            for type, string, start, _, _ in tokens:
+                # ENCODING is only defined in python 3.x
+                if type == getattr(tokenize, 'ENCODING', None):
+                    continue
+                elif type in [tokenize.NAME, tokenize.NUMBER]:
+                    current_selector = FormatSelector(SINGLE, string, [])
+                elif type == tokenize.OP:
+                    if string == ')':
+                        if not inside_group:
+                            # ')' will be handled by the parentheses group
+                            tokens.restore_last_token()
+                        break
+                    elif inside_merge and string in ['/', ',']:
+                        tokens.restore_last_token()
+                        break
+                    elif inside_choice and string == ',':
+                        tokens.restore_last_token()
+                        break
+                    elif string == ',':
+                        if not current_selector:
+                            raise syntax_error('"," must follow a format selector', start)
+                        selectors.append(current_selector)
+                        current_selector = None
+                    elif string == '/':
+                        if not current_selector:
+                            raise syntax_error('"/" must follow a format selector', start)
+                        first_choice = current_selector
+                        second_choice = _parse_format_selection(tokens, inside_choice=True)
+                        current_selector = FormatSelector(PICKFIRST, (first_choice, second_choice), [])
+                    elif string == '[':
+                        if not current_selector:
+                            current_selector = FormatSelector(SINGLE, 'best', [])
+                        format_filter = _parse_filter(tokens)
+                        current_selector.filters.append(format_filter)
+                    elif string == '(':
+                        if current_selector:
+                            raise syntax_error('Unexpected "("', start)
+                        group = _parse_format_selection(tokens, inside_group=True)
+                        current_selector = FormatSelector(GROUP, group, [])
+                    elif string == '+':
+                        video_selector = current_selector
+                        audio_selector = _parse_format_selection(tokens, inside_merge=True)
+                        if not video_selector or not audio_selector:
+                            raise syntax_error('"+" must be between two format selectors', start)
+                        current_selector = FormatSelector(MERGE, (video_selector, audio_selector), [])
+                    else:
+                        raise syntax_error('Operator not recognized: "{0}"'.format(string), start)
+                elif type == tokenize.ENDMARKER:
+                    break
+            if current_selector:
+                selectors.append(current_selector)
+            return selectors
+
+        def _build_selector_function(selector):
+            if isinstance(selector, list):
+                fs = [_build_selector_function(s) for s in selector]
+
+                def selector_function(ctx):
+                    for f in fs:
+                        for format in f(ctx):
+                            yield format
+                return selector_function
+            elif selector.type == GROUP:
+                selector_function = _build_selector_function(selector.selector)
+            elif selector.type == PICKFIRST:
+                fs = [_build_selector_function(s) for s in selector.selector]
+
+                def selector_function(ctx):
+                    for f in fs:
+                        picked_formats = list(f(ctx))
+                        if picked_formats:
+                            return picked_formats
+                    return []
+            elif selector.type == SINGLE:
+                format_spec = selector.selector
+
+                def selector_function(ctx):
+                    formats = list(ctx['formats'])
+                    if not formats:
+                        return
+                    if format_spec == 'all':
+                        for f in formats:
+                            yield f
+                    elif format_spec in ['best', 'worst', None]:
+                        format_idx = 0 if format_spec == 'worst' else -1
+                        audiovideo_formats = [
+                            f for f in formats
+                            if f.get('vcodec') != 'none' and f.get('acodec') != 'none']
+                        if audiovideo_formats:
+                            yield audiovideo_formats[format_idx]
+                        # for extractors with incomplete formats (audio only (soundcloud)
+                        # or video only (imgur)) we will fallback to best/worst
+                        # {video,audio}-only format
+                        elif ctx['incomplete_formats']:
+                            yield formats[format_idx]
+                    elif format_spec == 'bestaudio':
+                        audio_formats = [
+                            f for f in formats
+                            if f.get('vcodec') == 'none']
+                        if audio_formats:
+                            yield audio_formats[-1]
+                    elif format_spec == 'worstaudio':
+                        audio_formats = [
+                            f for f in formats
+                            if f.get('vcodec') == 'none']
+                        if audio_formats:
+                            yield audio_formats[0]
+                    elif format_spec == 'bestvideo':
+                        video_formats = [
+                            f for f in formats
+                            if f.get('acodec') == 'none']
+                        if video_formats:
+                            yield video_formats[-1]
+                    elif format_spec == 'worstvideo':
+                        video_formats = [
+                            f for f in formats
+                            if f.get('acodec') == 'none']
+                        if video_formats:
+                            yield video_formats[0]
+                    else:
+                        extensions = ['mp4', 'flv', 'webm', '3gp', 'm4a', 'mp3', 'ogg', 'aac', 'wav']
+                        if format_spec in extensions:
+                            filter_f = lambda f: f['ext'] == format_spec
+                        else:
+                            filter_f = lambda f: f['format_id'] == format_spec
+                        matches = list(filter(filter_f, formats))
+                        if matches:
+                            yield matches[-1]
+            elif selector.type == MERGE:
+                def _merge(formats_info):
+                    format_1, format_2 = [f['format_id'] for f in formats_info]
+                    # The first format must contain the video and the
+                    # second the audio
+                    if formats_info[0].get('vcodec') == 'none':
+                        self.report_error('The first format must '
+                                          'contain the video, try using '
+                                          '"-f %s+%s"' % (format_2, format_1))
+                        return
+                    # Formats must be opposite (video+audio)
+                    if formats_info[0].get('acodec') == 'none' and formats_info[1].get('acodec') == 'none':
+                        self.report_error(
+                            'Both formats %s and %s are video-only, you must specify "-f video+audio"'
+                            % (format_1, format_2))
+                        return
+                    output_ext = (
+                        formats_info[0]['ext']
+                        if self.params.get('merge_output_format') is None
+                        else self.params['merge_output_format'])
+                    return {
+                        'requested_formats': formats_info,
+                        'format': '%s+%s' % (formats_info[0].get('format'),
+                                             formats_info[1].get('format')),
+                        'format_id': '%s+%s' % (formats_info[0].get('format_id'),
+                                                formats_info[1].get('format_id')),
+                        'width': formats_info[0].get('width'),
+                        'height': formats_info[0].get('height'),
+                        'resolution': formats_info[0].get('resolution'),
+                        'fps': formats_info[0].get('fps'),
+                        'vcodec': formats_info[0].get('vcodec'),
+                        'vbr': formats_info[0].get('vbr'),
+                        'stretched_ratio': formats_info[0].get('stretched_ratio'),
+                        'acodec': formats_info[1].get('acodec'),
+                        'abr': formats_info[1].get('abr'),
+                        'ext': output_ext,
+                    }
+                video_selector, audio_selector = map(_build_selector_function, selector.selector)
 
 
-        new_format_spec = format_spec[:-len(m.group(0))]
-        if not new_format_spec:
-            new_format_spec = 'best'
+                def selector_function(ctx):
+                    for pair in itertools.product(
+                            video_selector(copy.deepcopy(ctx)), audio_selector(copy.deepcopy(ctx))):
+                        yield _merge(pair)
 
 
-        return (new_format_spec, new_formats)
+            filters = [self._build_format_filter(f) for f in selector.filters]
 
 
-    def select_format(self, format_spec, available_formats):
-        while format_spec.endswith(']'):
-            format_spec, available_formats = self._apply_format_filter(
-                format_spec, available_formats)
-        if not available_formats:
-            return None
+            def final_selector(ctx):
+                ctx_copy = copy.deepcopy(ctx)
+                for _filter in filters:
+                    ctx_copy['formats'] = list(filter(_filter, ctx_copy['formats']))
+                return selector_function(ctx_copy)
+            return final_selector
 
 
-        if format_spec == 'best' or format_spec is None:
-            return available_formats[-1]
-        elif format_spec == 'worst':
-            return available_formats[0]
-        elif format_spec == 'bestaudio':
-            audio_formats = [
-                f for f in available_formats
-                if f.get('vcodec') == 'none']
-            if audio_formats:
-                return audio_formats[-1]
-        elif format_spec == 'worstaudio':
-            audio_formats = [
-                f for f in available_formats
-                if f.get('vcodec') == 'none']
-            if audio_formats:
-                return audio_formats[0]
-        elif format_spec == 'bestvideo':
-            video_formats = [
-                f for f in available_formats
-                if f.get('acodec') == 'none']
-            if video_formats:
-                return video_formats[-1]
-        elif format_spec == 'worstvideo':
-            video_formats = [
-                f for f in available_formats
-                if f.get('acodec') == 'none']
-            if video_formats:
-                return video_formats[0]
-        else:
-            extensions = ['mp4', 'flv', 'webm', '3gp', 'm4a', 'mp3', 'ogg', 'aac', 'wav']
-            if format_spec in extensions:
-                filter_f = lambda f: f['ext'] == format_spec
-            else:
-                filter_f = lambda f: f['format_id'] == format_spec
-            matches = list(filter(filter_f, available_formats))
-            if matches:
-                return matches[-1]
-        return None
+        stream = io.BytesIO(format_spec.encode('utf-8'))
+        try:
+            tokens = list(_remove_unused_ops(compat_tokenize_tokenize(stream.readline)))
+        except tokenize.TokenError:
+            raise syntax_error('Missing closing/opening brackets or parenthesis', (0, len(format_spec)))
+
+        class TokenIterator(object):
+            def __init__(self, tokens):
+                self.tokens = tokens
+                self.counter = 0
+
+            def __iter__(self):
+                return self
+
+            def __next__(self):
+                if self.counter >= len(self.tokens):
+                    raise StopIteration()
+                value = self.tokens[self.counter]
+                self.counter += 1
+                return value
+
+            next = __next__
+
+            def restore_last_token(self):
+                self.counter -= 1
+
+        parsed_selector = _parse_format_selection(iter(TokenIterator(tokens)))
+        return _build_selector_function(parsed_selector)
 
     def _calc_headers(self, info_dict):
         res = std_headers.copy()
 
     def _calc_headers(self, info_dict):
         res = std_headers.copy()
@@ -961,7 +1228,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         return res
 
     def _calc_cookies(self, info_dict):
         return res
 
     def _calc_cookies(self, info_dict):
-        pr = compat_urllib_request.Request(info_dict['url'])
+        pr = sanitized_Request(info_dict['url'])
         self.cookiejar.add_cookie_header(pr)
         return pr.get_header('Cookie')
 
         self.cookiejar.add_cookie_header(pr)
         return pr.get_header('Cookie')
 
@@ -973,6 +1240,10 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         if 'title' not in info_dict:
             raise ExtractorError('Missing "title" field in extractor result')
 
         if 'title' not in info_dict:
             raise ExtractorError('Missing "title" field in extractor result')
 
+        if not isinstance(info_dict['id'], compat_str):
+            self.report_warning('"id" field is not a string - forcing string conversion')
+            info_dict['id'] = compat_str(info_dict['id'])
+
         if 'playlist' not in info_dict:
             # It isn't part of a playlist
             info_dict['playlist'] = None
         if 'playlist' not in info_dict:
             # It isn't part of a playlist
             info_dict['playlist'] = None
@@ -988,41 +1259,58 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                 t.get('preference'), t.get('width'), t.get('height'),
                 t.get('id'), t.get('url')))
             for i, t in enumerate(thumbnails):
                 t.get('preference'), t.get('width'), t.get('height'),
                 t.get('id'), t.get('url')))
             for i, t in enumerate(thumbnails):
-                if 'width' in t and 'height' in t:
+                t['url'] = sanitize_url(t['url'])
+                if t.get('width') and t.get('height'):
                     t['resolution'] = '%dx%d' % (t['width'], t['height'])
                 if t.get('id') is None:
                     t['id'] = '%d' % i
 
                     t['resolution'] = '%dx%d' % (t['width'], t['height'])
                 if t.get('id') is None:
                     t['id'] = '%d' % i
 
-        if thumbnails and 'thumbnail' not in info_dict:
+        if self.params.get('list_thumbnails'):
+            self.list_thumbnails(info_dict)
+            return
+
+        thumbnail = info_dict.get('thumbnail')
+        if thumbnail:
+            info_dict['thumbnail'] = sanitize_url(thumbnail)
+        elif thumbnails:
             info_dict['thumbnail'] = thumbnails[-1]['url']
 
         if 'display_id' not in info_dict and 'id' in info_dict:
             info_dict['display_id'] = info_dict['id']
 
         if info_dict.get('upload_date') is None and info_dict.get('timestamp') is not None:
             info_dict['thumbnail'] = thumbnails[-1]['url']
 
         if 'display_id' not in info_dict and 'id' in info_dict:
             info_dict['display_id'] = info_dict['id']
 
         if info_dict.get('upload_date') is None and info_dict.get('timestamp') is not None:
-            # Working around negative timestamps in Windows
-            # (see http://bugs.python.org/issue1646728)
-            if info_dict['timestamp'] < 0 and os.name == 'nt':
-                info_dict['timestamp'] = 0
-            upload_date = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(
-                info_dict['timestamp'])
-            info_dict['upload_date'] = upload_date.strftime('%Y%m%d')
+            # Working around out-of-range timestamp values (e.g. negative ones on Windows,
+            # see http://bugs.python.org/issue1646728)
+            try:
+                upload_date = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(info_dict['timestamp'])
+                info_dict['upload_date'] = upload_date.strftime('%Y%m%d')
+            except (ValueError, OverflowError, OSError):
+                pass
+
+        # Auto generate title fields corresponding to the *_number fields when missing
+        # in order to always have clean titles. This is very common for TV series.
+        for field in ('chapter', 'season', 'episode'):
+            if info_dict.get('%s_number' % field) is not None and not info_dict.get(field):
+                info_dict[field] = '%s %d' % (field.capitalize(), info_dict['%s_number' % field])
+
+        subtitles = info_dict.get('subtitles')
+        if subtitles:
+            for _, subtitle in subtitles.items():
+                for subtitle_format in subtitle:
+                    if subtitle_format.get('url'):
+                        subtitle_format['url'] = sanitize_url(subtitle_format['url'])
+                    if 'ext' not in subtitle_format:
+                        subtitle_format['ext'] = determine_ext(subtitle_format['url']).lower()
 
         if self.params.get('listsubtitles', False):
             if 'automatic_captions' in info_dict:
                 self.list_subtitles(info_dict['id'], info_dict.get('automatic_captions'), 'automatic captions')
 
         if self.params.get('listsubtitles', False):
             if 'automatic_captions' in info_dict:
                 self.list_subtitles(info_dict['id'], info_dict.get('automatic_captions'), 'automatic captions')
-            self.list_subtitles(info_dict['id'], info_dict.get('subtitles'), 'subtitles')
+            self.list_subtitles(info_dict['id'], subtitles, 'subtitles')
             return
         info_dict['requested_subtitles'] = self.process_subtitles(
             return
         info_dict['requested_subtitles'] = self.process_subtitles(
-            info_dict['id'], info_dict.get('subtitles'),
+            info_dict['id'], subtitles,
             info_dict.get('automatic_captions'))
 
             info_dict.get('automatic_captions'))
 
-        # This extractors handle format selection themselves
-        if info_dict['extractor'] in ['Youku']:
-            if download:
-                self.process_info(info_dict)
-            return info_dict
-
         # We now pick which formats have to be downloaded
         if info_dict.get('formats') is None:
             # There's only one format available
         # We now pick which formats have to be downloaded
         if info_dict.get('formats') is None:
             # There's only one format available
@@ -1033,13 +1321,32 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         if not formats:
             raise ExtractorError('No video formats found!')
 
         if not formats:
             raise ExtractorError('No video formats found!')
 
+        formats_dict = {}
+
         # We check that all the formats have the format and format_id fields
         for i, format in enumerate(formats):
             if 'url' not in format:
                 raise ExtractorError('Missing "url" key in result (index %d)' % i)
 
         # We check that all the formats have the format and format_id fields
         for i, format in enumerate(formats):
             if 'url' not in format:
                 raise ExtractorError('Missing "url" key in result (index %d)' % i)
 
+            format['url'] = sanitize_url(format['url'])
+
             if format.get('format_id') is None:
                 format['format_id'] = compat_str(i)
             if format.get('format_id') is None:
                 format['format_id'] = compat_str(i)
+            else:
+                # Sanitize format_id from characters used in format selector expression
+                format['format_id'] = re.sub('[\s,/+\[\]()]', '_', format['format_id'])
+            format_id = format['format_id']
+            if format_id not in formats_dict:
+                formats_dict[format_id] = []
+            formats_dict[format_id].append(format)
+
+        # Make sure all formats have unique format_id
+        for format_id, ambiguous_formats in formats_dict.items():
+            if len(ambiguous_formats) > 1:
+                for i, format in enumerate(ambiguous_formats):
+                    format['format_id'] = '%s-%d' % (format_id, i)
+
+        for i, format in enumerate(formats):
             if format.get('format') is None:
                 format['format'] = '{id} - {res}{note}'.format(
                     id=format['format_id'],
             if format.get('format') is None:
                 format['format'] = '{id} - {res}{note}'.format(
                     id=format['format_id'],
@@ -1049,87 +1356,67 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             # Automatically determine file extension if missing
             if 'ext' not in format:
                 format['ext'] = determine_ext(format['url']).lower()
             # Automatically determine file extension if missing
             if 'ext' not in format:
                 format['ext'] = determine_ext(format['url']).lower()
+            # Automatically determine protocol if missing (useful for format
+            # selection purposes)
+            if 'protocol' not in format:
+                format['protocol'] = determine_protocol(format)
             # Add HTTP headers, so that external programs can use them from the
             # json output
             full_format_info = info_dict.copy()
             full_format_info.update(format)
             format['http_headers'] = self._calc_headers(full_format_info)
 
             # Add HTTP headers, so that external programs can use them from the
             # json output
             full_format_info = info_dict.copy()
             full_format_info.update(format)
             format['http_headers'] = self._calc_headers(full_format_info)
 
-        format_limit = self.params.get('format_limit', None)
-        if format_limit:
-            formats = list(takewhile_inclusive(
-                lambda f: f['format_id'] != format_limit, formats
-            ))
-
         # TODO Central sorting goes here
 
         if formats[0] is not info_dict:
             # only set the 'formats' fields if the original info_dict list them
             # otherwise we end up with a circular reference, the first (and unique)
             # element in the 'formats' field in info_dict is info_dict itself,
         # TODO Central sorting goes here
 
         if formats[0] is not info_dict:
             # only set the 'formats' fields if the original info_dict list them
             # otherwise we end up with a circular reference, the first (and unique)
             # element in the 'formats' field in info_dict is info_dict itself,
-            # wich can't be exported to json
+            # which can't be exported to json
             info_dict['formats'] = formats
         if self.params.get('listformats'):
             self.list_formats(info_dict)
             return
             info_dict['formats'] = formats
         if self.params.get('listformats'):
             self.list_formats(info_dict)
             return
-        if self.params.get('list_thumbnails'):
-            self.list_thumbnails(info_dict)
-            return
 
         req_format = self.params.get('format')
         if req_format is None:
 
         req_format = self.params.get('format')
         if req_format is None:
-            req_format = 'best'
-        formats_to_download = []
-        # The -1 is for supporting YoutubeIE
-        if req_format in ('-1', 'all'):
-            formats_to_download = formats
-        else:
-            for rfstr in req_format.split(','):
-                # We can accept formats requested in the format: 34/5/best, we pick
-                # the first that is available, starting from left
-                req_formats = rfstr.split('/')
-                for rf in req_formats:
-                    if re.match(r'.+?\+.+?', rf) is not None:
-                        # Two formats have been requested like '137+139'
-                        format_1, format_2 = rf.split('+')
-                        formats_info = (self.select_format(format_1, formats),
-                                        self.select_format(format_2, formats))
-                        if all(formats_info):
-                            # The first format must contain the video and the
-                            # second the audio
-                            if formats_info[0].get('vcodec') == 'none':
-                                self.report_error('The first format must '
-                                                  'contain the video, try using '
-                                                  '"-f %s+%s"' % (format_2, format_1))
-                                return
-                            output_ext = (
-                                formats_info[0]['ext']
-                                if self.params.get('merge_output_format') is None
-                                else self.params['merge_output_format'])
-                            selected_format = {
-                                'requested_formats': formats_info,
-                                'format': '%s+%s' % (formats_info[0].get('format'),
-                                                     formats_info[1].get('format')),
-                                'format_id': '%s+%s' % (formats_info[0].get('format_id'),
-                                                        formats_info[1].get('format_id')),
-                                'width': formats_info[0].get('width'),
-                                'height': formats_info[0].get('height'),
-                                'resolution': formats_info[0].get('resolution'),
-                                'fps': formats_info[0].get('fps'),
-                                'vcodec': formats_info[0].get('vcodec'),
-                                'vbr': formats_info[0].get('vbr'),
-                                'stretched_ratio': formats_info[0].get('stretched_ratio'),
-                                'acodec': formats_info[1].get('acodec'),
-                                'abr': formats_info[1].get('abr'),
-                                'ext': output_ext,
-                            }
-                        else:
-                            selected_format = None
-                    else:
-                        selected_format = self.select_format(rf, formats)
-                    if selected_format is not None:
-                        formats_to_download.append(selected_format)
-                        break
+            req_format_list = []
+            if (self.params.get('outtmpl', DEFAULT_OUTTMPL) != '-' and
+                    not info_dict.get('is_live')):
+                merger = FFmpegMergerPP(self)
+                if merger.available and merger.can_merge():
+                    req_format_list.append('bestvideo+bestaudio')
+            req_format_list.append('best')
+            req_format = '/'.join(req_format_list)
+        format_selector = self.build_format_selector(req_format)
+
+        # While in format selection we may need to have an access to the original
+        # format set in order to calculate some metrics or do some processing.
+        # For now we need to be able to guess whether original formats provided
+        # by extractor are incomplete or not (i.e. whether extractor provides only
+        # video-only or audio-only formats) for proper formats selection for
+        # extractors with such incomplete formats (see
+        # https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/pull/5556).
+        # Since formats may be filtered during format selection and may not match
+        # the original formats the results may be incorrect. Thus original formats
+        # or pre-calculated metrics should be passed to format selection routines
+        # as well.
+        # We will pass a context object containing all necessary additional data
+        # instead of just formats.
+        # This fixes incorrect format selection issue (see
+        # https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/10083).
+        incomplete_formats = (
+            # All formats are video-only or
+            all(f.get('vcodec') != 'none' and f.get('acodec') == 'none' for f in formats) or
+            # all formats are audio-only
+            all(f.get('vcodec') == 'none' and f.get('acodec') != 'none' for f in formats))
+
+        ctx = {
+            'formats': formats,
+            'incomplete_formats': incomplete_formats,
+        }
+
+        formats_to_download = list(format_selector(ctx))
         if not formats_to_download:
             raise ExtractorError('requested format not available',
                                  expected=True)
         if not formats_to_download:
             raise ExtractorError('requested format not available',
                                  expected=True)
@@ -1208,9 +1495,6 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         if len(info_dict['title']) > 200:
             info_dict['title'] = info_dict['title'][:197] + '...'
 
         if len(info_dict['title']) > 200:
             info_dict['title'] = info_dict['title'][:197] + '...'
 
-        # Keep for backwards compatibility
-        info_dict['stitle'] = info_dict['title']
-
         if 'format' not in info_dict:
             info_dict['format'] = info_dict['ext']
 
         if 'format' not in info_dict:
             info_dict['format'] = info_dict['ext']
 
@@ -1256,15 +1540,15 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             return
 
         try:
             return
 
         try:
-            dn = os.path.dirname(encodeFilename(filename))
+            dn = os.path.dirname(sanitize_path(encodeFilename(filename)))
             if dn and not os.path.exists(dn):
                 os.makedirs(dn)
         except (OSError, IOError) as err:
             if dn and not os.path.exists(dn):
                 os.makedirs(dn)
         except (OSError, IOError) as err:
-            self.report_error('unable to create directory ' + compat_str(err))
+            self.report_error('unable to create directory ' + error_to_compat_str(err))
             return
 
         if self.params.get('writedescription', False):
             return
 
         if self.params.get('writedescription', False):
-            descfn = filename + '.description'
+            descfn = replace_extension(filename, 'description', info_dict.get('ext'))
             if self.params.get('nooverwrites', False) and os.path.exists(encodeFilename(descfn)):
                 self.to_screen('[info] Video description is already present')
             elif info_dict.get('description') is None:
             if self.params.get('nooverwrites', False) and os.path.exists(encodeFilename(descfn)):
                 self.to_screen('[info] Video description is already present')
             elif info_dict.get('description') is None:
@@ -1279,7 +1563,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                     return
 
         if self.params.get('writeannotations', False):
                     return
 
         if self.params.get('writeannotations', False):
-            annofn = filename + '.annotations.xml'
+            annofn = replace_extension(filename, 'annotations.xml', info_dict.get('ext'))
             if self.params.get('nooverwrites', False) and os.path.exists(encodeFilename(annofn)):
                 self.to_screen('[info] Video annotations are already present')
             else:
             if self.params.get('nooverwrites', False) and os.path.exists(encodeFilename(annofn)):
                 self.to_screen('[info] Video annotations are already present')
             else:
@@ -1311,7 +1595,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                             sub_info['url'], info_dict['id'], note=False)
                     except ExtractorError as err:
                         self.report_warning('Unable to download subtitle for "%s": %s' %
                             sub_info['url'], info_dict['id'], note=False)
                     except ExtractorError as err:
                         self.report_warning('Unable to download subtitle for "%s": %s' %
-                                            (sub_lang, compat_str(err.cause)))
+                                            (sub_lang, error_to_compat_str(err.cause)))
                         continue
                 try:
                     sub_filename = subtitles_filename(filename, sub_lang, sub_format)
                         continue
                 try:
                     sub_filename = subtitles_filename(filename, sub_lang, sub_format)
@@ -1319,20 +1603,22 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                         self.to_screen('[info] Video subtitle %s.%s is already_present' % (sub_lang, sub_format))
                     else:
                         self.to_screen('[info] Writing video subtitles to: ' + sub_filename)
                         self.to_screen('[info] Video subtitle %s.%s is already_present' % (sub_lang, sub_format))
                     else:
                         self.to_screen('[info] Writing video subtitles to: ' + sub_filename)
-                        with io.open(encodeFilename(sub_filename), 'w', encoding='utf-8') as subfile:
+                        # Use newline='' to prevent conversion of newline characters
+                        # See https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/10268
+                        with io.open(encodeFilename(sub_filename), 'w', encoding='utf-8', newline='') as subfile:
                             subfile.write(sub_data)
                 except (OSError, IOError):
                     self.report_error('Cannot write subtitles file ' + sub_filename)
                     return
 
         if self.params.get('writeinfojson', False):
                             subfile.write(sub_data)
                 except (OSError, IOError):
                     self.report_error('Cannot write subtitles file ' + sub_filename)
                     return
 
         if self.params.get('writeinfojson', False):
-            infofn = os.path.splitext(filename)[0] + '.info.json'
+            infofn = replace_extension(filename, 'info.json', info_dict.get('ext'))
             if self.params.get('nooverwrites', False) and os.path.exists(encodeFilename(infofn)):
                 self.to_screen('[info] Video description metadata is already present')
             else:
                 self.to_screen('[info] Writing video description metadata as JSON to: ' + infofn)
                 try:
             if self.params.get('nooverwrites', False) and os.path.exists(encodeFilename(infofn)):
                 self.to_screen('[info] Video description metadata is already present')
             else:
                 self.to_screen('[info] Writing video description metadata as JSON to: ' + infofn)
                 try:
-                    write_json_file(info_dict, infofn)
+                    write_json_file(self.filter_requested_info(info_dict), infofn)
                 except (OSError, IOError):
                     self.report_error('Cannot write metadata to JSON file ' + infofn)
                     return
                 except (OSError, IOError):
                     self.report_error('Cannot write metadata to JSON file ' + infofn)
                     return
@@ -1352,29 +1638,62 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                 if info_dict.get('requested_formats') is not None:
                     downloaded = []
                     success = True
                 if info_dict.get('requested_formats') is not None:
                     downloaded = []
                     success = True
-                    merger = FFmpegMergerPP(self, not self.params.get('keepvideo'))
+                    merger = FFmpegMergerPP(self)
                     if not merger.available:
                         postprocessors = []
                         self.report_warning('You have requested multiple '
                                             'formats but ffmpeg or avconv are not installed.'
                     if not merger.available:
                         postprocessors = []
                         self.report_warning('You have requested multiple '
                                             'formats but ffmpeg or avconv are not installed.'
-                                            ' The formats won\'t be merged')
+                                            ' The formats won\'t be merged.')
                     else:
                         postprocessors = [merger]
                     else:
                         postprocessors = [merger]
-                    for f in info_dict['requested_formats']:
-                        new_info = dict(info_dict)
-                        new_info.update(f)
-                        fname = self.prepare_filename(new_info)
-                        fname = prepend_extension(fname, 'f%s' % f['format_id'])
-                        downloaded.append(fname)
-                        partial_success = dl(fname, new_info)
-                        success = success and partial_success
-                    info_dict['__postprocessors'] = postprocessors
-                    info_dict['__files_to_merge'] = downloaded
+
+                    def compatible_formats(formats):
+                        video, audio = formats
+                        # Check extension
+                        video_ext, audio_ext = audio.get('ext'), video.get('ext')
+                        if video_ext and audio_ext:
+                            COMPATIBLE_EXTS = (
+                                ('mp3', 'mp4', 'm4a', 'm4p', 'm4b', 'm4r', 'm4v'),
+                                ('webm')
+                            )
+                            for exts in COMPATIBLE_EXTS:
+                                if video_ext in exts and audio_ext in exts:
+                                    return True
+                        # TODO: Check acodec/vcodec
+                        return False
+
+                    filename_real_ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[1][1:]
+                    filename_wo_ext = (
+                        os.path.splitext(filename)[0]
+                        if filename_real_ext == info_dict['ext']
+                        else filename)
+                    requested_formats = info_dict['requested_formats']
+                    if self.params.get('merge_output_format') is None and not compatible_formats(requested_formats):
+                        info_dict['ext'] = 'mkv'
+                        self.report_warning(
+                            'Requested formats are incompatible for merge and will be merged into mkv.')
+                    # Ensure filename always has a correct extension for successful merge
+                    filename = '%s.%s' % (filename_wo_ext, info_dict['ext'])
+                    if os.path.exists(encodeFilename(filename)):
+                        self.to_screen(
+                            '[download] %s has already been downloaded and '
+                            'merged' % filename)
+                    else:
+                        for f in requested_formats:
+                            new_info = dict(info_dict)
+                            new_info.update(f)
+                            fname = self.prepare_filename(new_info)
+                            fname = prepend_extension(fname, 'f%s' % f['format_id'], new_info['ext'])
+                            downloaded.append(fname)
+                            partial_success = dl(fname, new_info)
+                            success = success and partial_success
+                        info_dict['__postprocessors'] = postprocessors
+                        info_dict['__files_to_merge'] = downloaded
                 else:
                     # Just a single file
                     success = dl(filename, info_dict)
             except (compat_urllib_error.URLError, compat_http_client.HTTPException, socket.error) as err:
                 else:
                     # Just a single file
                     success = dl(filename, info_dict)
             except (compat_urllib_error.URLError, compat_http_client.HTTPException, socket.error) as err:
-                self.report_error('unable to download video data: %s' % str(err))
+                self.report_error('unable to download video data: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
                 return
             except (OSError, IOError) as err:
                 raise UnavailableVideoError(err)
                 return
             except (OSError, IOError) as err:
                 raise UnavailableVideoError(err)
@@ -1382,12 +1701,14 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                 self.report_error('content too short (expected %s bytes and served %s)' % (err.expected, err.downloaded))
                 return
 
                 self.report_error('content too short (expected %s bytes and served %s)' % (err.expected, err.downloaded))
                 return
 
-            if success:
+            if success and filename != '-':
                 # Fixup content
                 fixup_policy = self.params.get('fixup')
                 if fixup_policy is None:
                     fixup_policy = 'detect_or_warn'
 
                 # Fixup content
                 fixup_policy = self.params.get('fixup')
                 if fixup_policy is None:
                     fixup_policy = 'detect_or_warn'
 
+                INSTALL_FFMPEG_MESSAGE = 'Install ffmpeg or avconv to fix this automatically.'
+
                 stretched_ratio = info_dict.get('stretched_ratio')
                 if stretched_ratio is not None and stretched_ratio != 1:
                     if fixup_policy == 'warn':
                 stretched_ratio = info_dict.get('stretched_ratio')
                 if stretched_ratio is not None and stretched_ratio != 1:
                     if fixup_policy == 'warn':
@@ -1400,15 +1721,18 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                             info_dict['__postprocessors'].append(stretched_pp)
                         else:
                             self.report_warning(
                             info_dict['__postprocessors'].append(stretched_pp)
                         else:
                             self.report_warning(
-                                '%s: Non-uniform pixel ratio (%s). Install ffmpeg or avconv to fix this automatically.' % (
-                                    info_dict['id'], stretched_ratio))
+                                '%s: Non-uniform pixel ratio (%s). %s'
+                                % (info_dict['id'], stretched_ratio, INSTALL_FFMPEG_MESSAGE))
                     else:
                         assert fixup_policy in ('ignore', 'never')
 
                     else:
                         assert fixup_policy in ('ignore', 'never')
 
-                if info_dict.get('requested_formats') is None and info_dict.get('container') == 'm4a_dash':
+                if (info_dict.get('requested_formats') is None and
+                        info_dict.get('container') == 'm4a_dash'):
                     if fixup_policy == 'warn':
                     if fixup_policy == 'warn':
-                        self.report_warning('%s: writing DASH m4a. Only some players support this container.' % (
-                            info_dict['id']))
+                        self.report_warning(
+                            '%s: writing DASH m4a. '
+                            'Only some players support this container.'
+                            % info_dict['id'])
                     elif fixup_policy == 'detect_or_warn':
                         fixup_pp = FFmpegFixupM4aPP(self)
                         if fixup_pp.available:
                     elif fixup_policy == 'detect_or_warn':
                         fixup_pp = FFmpegFixupM4aPP(self)
                         if fixup_pp.available:
@@ -1416,8 +1740,27 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                             info_dict['__postprocessors'].append(fixup_pp)
                         else:
                             self.report_warning(
                             info_dict['__postprocessors'].append(fixup_pp)
                         else:
                             self.report_warning(
-                                '%s: writing DASH m4a. Only some players support this container. Install ffmpeg or avconv to fix this automatically.' % (
-                                    info_dict['id']))
+                                '%s: writing DASH m4a. '
+                                'Only some players support this container. %s'
+                                % (info_dict['id'], INSTALL_FFMPEG_MESSAGE))
+                    else:
+                        assert fixup_policy in ('ignore', 'never')
+
+                if (info_dict.get('protocol') == 'm3u8_native' or
+                        info_dict.get('protocol') == 'm3u8' and
+                        self.params.get('hls_prefer_native')):
+                    if fixup_policy == 'warn':
+                        self.report_warning('%s: malformated aac bitstream.' % (
+                            info_dict['id']))
+                    elif fixup_policy == 'detect_or_warn':
+                        fixup_pp = FFmpegFixupM3u8PP(self)
+                        if fixup_pp.available:
+                            info_dict.setdefault('__postprocessors', [])
+                            info_dict['__postprocessors'].append(fixup_pp)
+                        else:
+                            self.report_warning(
+                                '%s: malformated aac bitstream. %s'
+                                % (info_dict['id'], INSTALL_FFMPEG_MESSAGE))
                     else:
                         assert fixup_policy in ('ignore', 'never')
 
                     else:
                         assert fixup_policy in ('ignore', 'never')
 
@@ -1439,7 +1782,8 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         for url in url_list:
             try:
                 # It also downloads the videos
         for url in url_list:
             try:
                 # It also downloads the videos
-                res = self.extract_info(url)
+                res = self.extract_info(
+                    url, force_generic_extractor=self.params.get('force_generic_extractor', False))
             except UnavailableVideoError:
                 self.report_error('unable to download video')
             except MaxDownloadsReached:
             except UnavailableVideoError:
                 self.report_error('unable to download video')
             except MaxDownloadsReached:
@@ -1452,8 +1796,11 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         return self._download_retcode
 
     def download_with_info_file(self, info_filename):
         return self._download_retcode
 
     def download_with_info_file(self, info_filename):
-        with io.open(info_filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
-            info = json.load(f)
+        with contextlib.closing(fileinput.FileInput(
+                [info_filename], mode='r',
+                openhook=fileinput.hook_encoded('utf-8'))) as f:
+            # FileInput doesn't have a read method, we can't call json.load
+            info = self.filter_requested_info(json.loads('\n'.join(f)))
         try:
             self.process_ie_result(info, download=True)
         except DownloadError:
         try:
             self.process_ie_result(info, download=True)
         except DownloadError:
@@ -1465,6 +1812,12 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                 raise
         return self._download_retcode
 
                 raise
         return self._download_retcode
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def filter_requested_info(info_dict):
+        return dict(
+            (k, v) for k, v in info_dict.items()
+            if k not in ['requested_formats', 'requested_subtitles'])
+
     def post_process(self, filename, ie_info):
         """Run all the postprocessors on the given file."""
         info = dict(ie_info)
     def post_process(self, filename, ie_info):
         """Run all the postprocessors on the given file."""
         info = dict(ie_info)
@@ -1474,24 +1827,18 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             pps_chain.extend(ie_info['__postprocessors'])
         pps_chain.extend(self._pps)
         for pp in pps_chain:
             pps_chain.extend(ie_info['__postprocessors'])
         pps_chain.extend(self._pps)
         for pp in pps_chain:
-            keep_video = None
-            old_filename = info['filepath']
+            files_to_delete = []
             try:
             try:
-                keep_video_wish, info = pp.run(info)
-                if keep_video_wish is not None:
-                    if keep_video_wish:
-                        keep_video = keep_video_wish
-                    elif keep_video is None:
-                        # No clear decision yet, let IE decide
-                        keep_video = keep_video_wish
+                files_to_delete, info = pp.run(info)
             except PostProcessingError as e:
                 self.report_error(e.msg)
             except PostProcessingError as e:
                 self.report_error(e.msg)
-            if keep_video is False and not self.params.get('keepvideo', False):
-                try:
+            if files_to_delete and not self.params.get('keepvideo', False):
+                for old_filename in files_to_delete:
                     self.to_screen('Deleting original file %s (pass -k to keep)' % old_filename)
                     self.to_screen('Deleting original file %s (pass -k to keep)' % old_filename)
-                    os.remove(encodeFilename(old_filename))
-                except (IOError, OSError):
-                    self.report_warning('Unable to remove downloaded video file')
+                    try:
+                        os.remove(encodeFilename(old_filename))
+                    except (IOError, OSError):
+                        self.report_warning('Unable to remove downloaded original file')
 
     def _make_archive_id(self, info_dict):
         # Future-proof against any change in case
 
     def _make_archive_id(self, info_dict):
         # Future-proof against any change in case
@@ -1544,7 +1891,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             else:
                 res = '%sp' % format['height']
         elif format.get('width') is not None:
             else:
                 res = '%sp' % format['height']
         elif format.get('width') is not None:
-            res = '?x%d' % format['width']
+            res = '%dx?' % format['width']
         else:
             res = default
         return res
         else:
             res = default
         return res
@@ -1553,6 +1900,10 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         res = ''
         if fdict.get('ext') in ['f4f', 'f4m']:
             res += '(unsupported) '
         res = ''
         if fdict.get('ext') in ['f4f', 'f4m']:
             res += '(unsupported) '
+        if fdict.get('language'):
+            if res:
+                res += ' '
+            res += '[%s] ' % fdict['language']
         if fdict.get('format_note') is not None:
             res += fdict['format_note'] + ' '
         if fdict.get('tbr') is not None:
         if fdict.get('format_note') is not None:
             res += fdict['format_note'] + ' '
         if fdict.get('tbr') is not None:
@@ -1573,7 +1924,9 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         if fdict.get('vbr') is not None:
             res += '%4dk' % fdict['vbr']
         if fdict.get('fps') is not None:
         if fdict.get('vbr') is not None:
             res += '%4dk' % fdict['vbr']
         if fdict.get('fps') is not None:
-            res += ', %sfps' % fdict['fps']
+            if res:
+                res += ', '
+            res += '%sfps' % fdict['fps']
         if fdict.get('acodec') is not None:
             if res:
                 res += ', '
         if fdict.get('acodec') is not None:
             if res:
                 res += ', '
@@ -1616,13 +1969,8 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
     def list_thumbnails(self, info_dict):
         thumbnails = info_dict.get('thumbnails')
         if not thumbnails:
     def list_thumbnails(self, info_dict):
         thumbnails = info_dict.get('thumbnails')
         if not thumbnails:
-            tn_url = info_dict.get('thumbnail')
-            if tn_url:
-                thumbnails = [{'id': '0', 'url': tn_url}]
-            else:
-                self.to_screen(
-                    '[info] No thumbnails present for %s' % info_dict['id'])
-                return
+            self.to_screen('[info] No thumbnails present for %s' % info_dict['id'])
+            return
 
         self.to_screen(
             '[info] Thumbnails for %s:' % info_dict['id'])
 
         self.to_screen(
             '[info] Thumbnails for %s:' % info_dict['id'])
@@ -1643,26 +1991,8 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
 
     def urlopen(self, req):
         """ Start an HTTP download """
 
     def urlopen(self, req):
         """ Start an HTTP download """
-
-        # According to RFC 3986, URLs can not contain non-ASCII characters, however this is not
-        # always respected by websites, some tend to give out URLs with non percent-encoded
-        # non-ASCII characters (see telemb.py, ard.py [#3412])
-        # urllib chokes on URLs with non-ASCII characters (see http://bugs.python.org/issue3991)
-        # To work around aforementioned issue we will replace request's original URL with
-        # percent-encoded one
-        req_is_string = isinstance(req, compat_basestring)
-        url = req if req_is_string else req.get_full_url()
-        url_escaped = escape_url(url)
-
-        # Substitute URL if any change after escaping
-        if url != url_escaped:
-            if req_is_string:
-                req = url_escaped
-            else:
-                req = compat_urllib_request.Request(
-                    url_escaped, data=req.data, headers=req.headers,
-                    origin_req_host=req.origin_req_host, unverifiable=req.unverifiable)
-
+        if isinstance(req, compat_basestring):
+            req = sanitized_Request(req)
         return self._opener.open(req, timeout=self._socket_timeout)
 
     def print_debug_header(self):
         return self._opener.open(req, timeout=self._socket_timeout)
 
     def print_debug_header(self):
@@ -1685,6 +2015,8 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         write_string(encoding_str, encoding=None)
 
         self._write_string('[debug] youtube-dl version ' + __version__ + '\n')
         write_string(encoding_str, encoding=None)
 
         self._write_string('[debug] youtube-dl version ' + __version__ + '\n')
+        if _LAZY_LOADER:
+            self._write_string('[debug] Lazy loading extractors enabled' + '\n')
         try:
             sp = subprocess.Popen(
                 ['git', 'rev-parse', '--short', 'HEAD'],
         try:
             sp = subprocess.Popen(
                 ['git', 'rev-parse', '--short', 'HEAD'],
@@ -1694,10 +2026,10 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             out = out.decode().strip()
             if re.match('[0-9a-f]+', out):
                 self._write_string('[debug] Git HEAD: ' + out + '\n')
             out = out.decode().strip()
             if re.match('[0-9a-f]+', out):
                 self._write_string('[debug] Git HEAD: ' + out + '\n')
-        except:
+        except Exception:
             try:
                 sys.exc_clear()
             try:
                 sys.exc_clear()
-            except:
+            except Exception:
                 pass
         self._write_string('[debug] Python version %s - %s\n' % (
             platform.python_version(), platform_name()))
                 pass
         self._write_string('[debug] Python version %s - %s\n' % (
             platform.python_version(), platform_name()))
@@ -1740,13 +2072,13 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
         if opts_cookiefile is None:
             self.cookiejar = compat_cookiejar.CookieJar()
         else:
         if opts_cookiefile is None:
             self.cookiejar = compat_cookiejar.CookieJar()
         else:
+            opts_cookiefile = compat_expanduser(opts_cookiefile)
             self.cookiejar = compat_cookiejar.MozillaCookieJar(
                 opts_cookiefile)
             if os.access(opts_cookiefile, os.R_OK):
                 self.cookiejar.load()
 
             self.cookiejar = compat_cookiejar.MozillaCookieJar(
                 opts_cookiefile)
             if os.access(opts_cookiefile, os.R_OK):
                 self.cookiejar.load()
 
-        cookie_processor = compat_urllib_request.HTTPCookieProcessor(
-            self.cookiejar)
+        cookie_processor = YoutubeDLCookieProcessor(self.cookiejar)
         if opts_proxy is not None:
             if opts_proxy == '':
                 proxies = {}
         if opts_proxy is not None:
             if opts_proxy == '':
                 proxies = {}
@@ -1757,13 +2089,26 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             # Set HTTPS proxy to HTTP one if given (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/805)
             if 'http' in proxies and 'https' not in proxies:
                 proxies['https'] = proxies['http']
             # Set HTTPS proxy to HTTP one if given (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/805)
             if 'http' in proxies and 'https' not in proxies:
                 proxies['https'] = proxies['http']
-        proxy_handler = compat_urllib_request.ProxyHandler(proxies)
+        proxy_handler = PerRequestProxyHandler(proxies)
 
         debuglevel = 1 if self.params.get('debug_printtraffic') else 0
         https_handler = make_HTTPS_handler(self.params, debuglevel=debuglevel)
         ydlh = YoutubeDLHandler(self.params, debuglevel=debuglevel)
 
         debuglevel = 1 if self.params.get('debug_printtraffic') else 0
         https_handler = make_HTTPS_handler(self.params, debuglevel=debuglevel)
         ydlh = YoutubeDLHandler(self.params, debuglevel=debuglevel)
+        data_handler = compat_urllib_request_DataHandler()
+
+        # When passing our own FileHandler instance, build_opener won't add the
+        # default FileHandler and allows us to disable the file protocol, which
+        # can be used for malicious purposes (see
+        # https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/8227)
+        file_handler = compat_urllib_request.FileHandler()
+
+        def file_open(*args, **kwargs):
+            raise compat_urllib_error.URLError('file:// scheme is explicitly disabled in youtube-dl for security reasons')
+        file_handler.file_open = file_open
+
         opener = compat_urllib_request.build_opener(
         opener = compat_urllib_request.build_opener(
-            https_handler, proxy_handler, cookie_processor, ydlh)
+            proxy_handler, https_handler, cookie_processor, ydlh, data_handler, file_handler)
+
         # Delete the default user-agent header, which would otherwise apply in
         # cases where our custom HTTP handler doesn't come into play
         # (See https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1309 for details)
         # Delete the default user-agent header, which would otherwise apply in
         # cases where our custom HTTP handler doesn't come into play
         # (See https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1309 for details)
@@ -1804,7 +2149,7 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
             thumb_ext = determine_ext(t['url'], 'jpg')
             suffix = '_%s' % t['id'] if len(thumbnails) > 1 else ''
             thumb_display_id = '%s ' % t['id'] if len(thumbnails) > 1 else ''
             thumb_ext = determine_ext(t['url'], 'jpg')
             suffix = '_%s' % t['id'] if len(thumbnails) > 1 else ''
             thumb_display_id = '%s ' % t['id'] if len(thumbnails) > 1 else ''
-            thumb_filename = os.path.splitext(filename)[0] + suffix + '.' + thumb_ext
+            t['filename'] = thumb_filename = os.path.splitext(filename)[0] + suffix + '.' + thumb_ext
 
             if self.params.get('nooverwrites', False) and os.path.exists(encodeFilename(thumb_filename)):
                 self.to_screen('[%s] %s: Thumbnail %sis already present' %
 
             if self.params.get('nooverwrites', False) and os.path.exists(encodeFilename(thumb_filename)):
                 self.to_screen('[%s] %s: Thumbnail %sis already present' %
@@ -1814,10 +2159,10 @@ class YoutubeDL(object):
                                (info_dict['extractor'], info_dict['id'], thumb_display_id))
                 try:
                     uf = self.urlopen(t['url'])
                                (info_dict['extractor'], info_dict['id'], thumb_display_id))
                 try:
                     uf = self.urlopen(t['url'])
-                    with open(thumb_filename, 'wb') as thumbf:
+                    with open(encodeFilename(thumb_filename), 'wb') as thumbf:
                         shutil.copyfileobj(uf, thumbf)
                     self.to_screen('[%s] %s: Writing thumbnail %sto: %s' %
                                    (info_dict['extractor'], info_dict['id'], thumb_display_id, thumb_filename))
                 except (compat_urllib_error.URLError, compat_http_client.HTTPException, socket.error) as err:
                     self.report_warning('Unable to download thumbnail "%s": %s' %
                         shutil.copyfileobj(uf, thumbf)
                     self.to_screen('[%s] %s: Writing thumbnail %sto: %s' %
                                    (info_dict['extractor'], info_dict['id'], thumb_display_id, thumb_filename))
                 except (compat_urllib_error.URLError, compat_http_client.HTTPException, socket.error) as err:
                     self.report_warning('Unable to download thumbnail "%s": %s' %
-                                        (t['url'], compat_str(err)))
+                                        (t['url'], error_to_compat_str(err)))